019. The Marriage of Mink

Told by Tom Sayachapis, Tsishaath, submitted by Alex Thomas Jan. 21, 1914 ms. 50e ; 122/f5 (1); 103/f 7. pg. 50-57.

Mink meets the Sawbill daughters and gives the older sister white gum to chew which makes the older sister pregnant. He is identified as the father by his baby. After marrying both sisters, he takes them gathering sea urchins and is abandoned on an island.

19.1
ʔiišʔiišaweʔin 
ʔiišʔiiša 
be chewing 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he was chewing 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
he went to 
hiyiisħʔitq 
hiyiis1 
there on beach 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where on the beach 
maamukta 
mamuˑk 
work 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-a 
ABS? 
they were working 
m̉uuħinɬasm̉inħ 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
Sawbill-Daughters 
m̉aʔaħisħ 
m̉aʔaħsỷi 
sister 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
both sisters doing 
maamukta 
mamuˑk 
work 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-a 
ABS? 
they were working 
. 

Mink was chewing gum as he went to the place on the beach where the daughters of Saw-bill Duck were working (at mat weaving); both sisters were at work.

19.2
naanasw̉iɬtaqsuɬweʔin 
naanasw̉iɬtaqsuɬ 
strands exit mouth 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he had strands coming out of his mouth 
ʔišc̉iip 
ʔišc̉iip 
gum 
gum 
ƛ̉isuk 
ƛ̉isuk 
white 
white 
ƛaawiičiƛ 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
he approached 
hiyiisħʔitq 
hiyiis1 
there on beach 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where on the beach 
mamuuʕaqa 
mamuˑk 
work 
-ˀaqa 
several ...-ing 
those working 
ħaatħaakʷaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young women 
. 

He had strands of white gum extending out of his mouth as he approached on the beach the young women working.

19.3
neeč 
neeč 
say! [Pl] 
say! 
n̉aššiʔič 
n̉aššiƛ 
look 
-ˀiˑč 
2p>3.IMP 
look! 
ƛ̉isukukʷaħ 
ƛ̉isuk 
white 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I have white 
ʔišc̉iip 
ʔišc̉iip 
gum 
gum 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

'Say! Look! I have white gum,' said Mink.

19.4
ỷaaỷaqw̉iɬtaksuɬħ 
DUP- 
PL 
ỷaˑq 
long 
-w̉iɬta 
exit 
-ʔaksuɬ 
at the mouth 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
long (strands) were coming out of his mouth 
ƛ̉isukʔi 
ƛ̉isuk 
white 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the white 
ʔaani 
ʔaani 
really 
really 
ʔišc̉iip 
ʔišc̉iip 
gum 
gum 
. 

The pure white gum was sticking out of his mouth in long (strands).

19.5
hee 
hee 
say! 
say! 
kaaʔaƛ̉ik 
kaaʔaƛ̉ik 
hand over! 
hand it over! 
qaħšeek 
qaħšiik 
rascal 
rascal 
ɬaakšiƛ 
ɬaakšiƛ 
please do 
please do 
k̉acii 
k̉ac 
pinch 
-ayiˑ 
give 
give a pinch of it 
, 
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was told now 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
ħaatħaakʷaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young women 
. 

'Say! give it here, you rascal, please give a pinch of it (to us)', the young women said to Mink.

19.6
wikaaħɬ 
wik 
not 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I won't 
ƛamiiqƛukʷaħ 
čamas 
sweet 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
mine is sweet 
ʔiiħmiɬukʷaħ 
ʔiiħmis 
prized 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I prize mine very much 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

'I won't. Mine is sweet inside, I prize it very much (and won't part with it)', said Mink.

Note that Mink changes s- and š-sounds to corresponding ɬ-sounds. Normal: wikaˑħ(s) čamiˑqƛokʷaħ ʔiˑħmisokʷaħ.

19.7
takeeʔisak 
takaa 
nevertheless 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-ˀak 
POSS 
nevertheless 
qaħšeek 
qaħšiik 
rascal 
rascal 
k̉acii 
k̉ac 
pinch 
-ayiˑ 
give 
give a pinch of it 
, 
waaʔaƛƛaa 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they said again 
ħaatħaakʷaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young women 
. 

'Still, you rascal, pinch off (a piece) and give it here,' the girls said again.

pg. 1b/50 begins here

19.8
hi 
hi1 
well! 
well! 
ʔaaʔaniʔakɬayikqaƛɬa 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔana 
thus much 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-(y)ik 
IRR.FUT 
-qaˑcsa 
1s.DUB 
I believe that I will only 
ħakumee 
ħakum 
princess 
-ee 
VOC 
princess 
ʔanik 
ʔanik 
that you 
that you 
ʕaƛ̉iɬa 
ʕac̉iɬa 
persist 
persist 
k̉aaƛɬ 
k̉ac 
pinch 
-š2 
ask for [L] 
asking for a pinch 
. 

'Well, princess, I believe I will, (but) only because you persist in asking for a pinch.'

Note the Mink speech here. Regular: ho ʔaˑʔaniʔaksayikqacsa ħakumeˑ ʔanik ʕac̉iɬa k̉aˑcš

19.9
ƛamiiqƛukʷaħ 
čamas 
sweet 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
mine is sweet 
. 

'My (gum) is sweet inside.'

Note the Mink speech here: čamiˑqƛukʷaħ.

19.10
wik̉iiƛim 
wik 
not 
-ˀiƛ 
go for [L] 
-ˀim 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
don't do so 
taaxtaaxʷaƛip̉aaħ 
taaxtaaxʷa 
be spitting 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ip 
PRF.CAUS 
-ˀaaħ 
IRR 
be spitting out 
p̉aƛmiɬ 
p̉acmis+unspec. var. of 
sea foam 
foam 
n̉uun̉uuʕaqaƛip̉im 
n̉uun̉uuʕaqa 
be swallowing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ip 
PRF.CAUS 
-ˀim 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
keep swallowing! 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
. 

Don't you go spitting out its foam! Keep swallowing it!' he said.

Normal: ho ʔaˑʔaniʔaksayikqacsa ħakomeˑ ʔanik ʕac̉iɬa k̉aˑciɬ čamiˑqƛokʷaħ. wik̉iˑčim taˑxtaˑxʷačipaħ p̉acmis n̉oˑn̉oˑʕaqačip̉im.

19.11
k̉aciiʔaƛ 
k̉aciiƛ 
pinch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he pinched 
ʔišc̉iipukʔi 
ʔišc̉iip 
gum 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his gum 
ʔuʔiip 
ʔuʔiip 
give to 
he gave it to 
m̉aam̉iiqsuʔi 
m̉aam̉iiqsu 
older sibling 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the older sister 
wikayi 
wik 
not 
-ayiˑ 
give 
he didn't give 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
ʔuukʷiɬ2 
refer to 
to 
ỷukʷiiqsuʔi 
ỷukʷiiqsu 
younger sibling 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the younger sister 
. 

Then he pinched off some of his gum and gave it to the older sister, (but) did not give any to the younger sister.

19.12
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

Then Mink went home.

pg. 2/51 begins below

19.13
ʔiišʔiiššiʔaƛ 
ʔiišʔiiššiƛ 
start chewing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started chewing 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
qʷaaʔaƛ 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
just as 
waaʔatʔitq 
waa 
say 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what she was told 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
yaqʷacukʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ac1 
belong to 
-uk 
DUR 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one to whom it belonged 
ʔišc̉iip 
ʔišc̉iip 
gum 
gum 
. 

The young woman started chewing the gum the way she was told to by the one whose gum it was.

19.14
n̉uun̉uuʕaqaƛ 
n̉uun̉uuʕaqa 
be swallowing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she kept swallowing 
p̉acmisukʔi 
p̉acmis 
sea foam 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the foam of 
ʔišc̉iipʔi 
ʔišc̉iip 
gum 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the gum 
. 

She kept swallowing the foam of the gum.

19.15
hawiiƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
she finished 
ʔiišʔiiša 
ʔiišʔiiša 
be chewing 
be chewing 
m̉uuħinɬas 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
Sawbill-Daughter 
. 

Sawbill-daughter finished chewing.

19.16
wik 
wik 
not 
not 
qii 
qii 
long time 
long after 
hawiiƛckʷaƛʔitq 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ckʷiˑ 
having ...-ed 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
having finished 
ɬiicỷaaʔaƛ 
ɬicỷaa 
become pregnant 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she became pregnant 
m̉uuħinɬas 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
Sawbill-Daughter 
. 

Not long after finishing, Sawbill-daughter became pregnant.

19.17
ỷimħaaʔaƛ 
ỷimħaa 
be ashamed 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was ashamed 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ħaw̉iɬħqa 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
since he was chief 
ɬicw̉isak 
ɬicw̉isa 
pregnant 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his pregnant 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
daughter 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
wik̉iitħʔaanitqa 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)it 
former 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
no one would do so 
ħaacaak̉at 
ħaacaak 
bold 
-ˀat 
PASS 
be bold enough to 
ɬučħaaʔatquu 
ɬučħaa 
pay bride price 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-quu1 
3.CND 
to pay the brideprice 
. 

Her father was ashamed that, since he was chief, his daughter had become pregnant in an irregular way, and that no one had had the courage to woman-purchase from him.

Referring to the regular marriage ritual for people of high rank. For details of such a ceremony see texts 38, 40.

19.18
ʔaʔaatuuʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʔaʔaatuu 
ask 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he kept asking 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ħaakʷaaƛukʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his daughter 
yaqʷacukuusi 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ac1 
belong to 
-uk 
POSS 
-(w)uusi 
3.RelDub 
by whom his had 
ɬicw̉isa 
ɬicw̉isa 
pregnant 
become pregnant 
. 

Her father kept asking his daughter by whom she had become pregnant.

19.19
hayimħi 
hayimħi 
not know 
she did not know 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
waaʔaƛquuweʔin 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
she said 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
wikỷuuqa 
wikỷuu 
not yet 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
she had not yet 
ʔuušsiɬa 
ʔuušsiɬa 
do something 
do something 
ʔuušiɬ 
ʔuuš 
some 
-iɬ 
refer to 
with someone 
. 

The young woman did not know, and said she had never done so, done anything with anyone.

19.20
ʔaʔaatuuʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʔaʔaatuu 
ask 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he kept asking 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
, 
ʔačaʕatħakʔaaɬa 
ʔača 
who? 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ħaˑk 
2s.INTERR 
=ʔaaɬa 
=always 
who has been doing to you? 
t̉aaw̉asʔat 
t̉aaw̉as 
have sex with 
-ˀat 
PASS 
having sex with 
. 

Her father kept asking, 'Who has been coming to have sex with you?'

19.21
waaʔaƛquuweʔin 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
she said 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
wik̉iitħʔatʔaaɬa 
wik̉iit 
eliminate 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ʔaaɬa 
=always 
there was no one who ever 
t̉aaw̉asʔat 
t̉aaw̉as 
have sex with 
-ˀat 
PASS 
go to sleep with 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
hayimħičiƛqa 
hayimħičiƛ 
not know 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
she did not know 
qʷisqħuusi 
qʷis 
do thus 
-ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-(w)uusi 
3.RelDub 
that which caused it 
qʷis 
qʷis 
do thus 
doing thus 
ɬicw̉isa 
ɬicw̉isa 
pregnant 
become pregnant 
. 

The young woman insisted that no one ever came to sleep with her, that she did not know what could have caused her to become pregnant.

19.22
wačaakšiƛ 
wačaakšiƛ 
give birth to 
she gave birth to 
m̉uuħinɬas 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
Sawbill-Daughter 
meʔiƛqacuk 
meʔiƛqac 
boy 
-uk 
POSS 
her boy 
. 

Sawbill-daughter gave birth to a boy.

19.23
ỷimħaa 
ỷimħaa 
be ashamed 
they were ashamed 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
Sawbill tribe 
Sawbill tribe 
qʷisukʔitq 
qʷis 
do thus 
-uk 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which had happened to their 
ħakum 
ħakum 
princess 
princess 
w̉aw̉imsiičiƛ 
w̉aw̉imsiičiƛ 
be disgraced 
be disgraced 
. 

The Sawbill people were ashamed of what had happened to their princess, they had been disgraced.

19.24
hinʔaỷaqstuƛ 
hinʔaỷaqstuƛ 
become aware of 
it became aware  
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
. 

The baby became aware (of things).

19.25
taata 
taataa 
father 
father 
, 
wawiičiƛ 
wawiičiƛ 
start to say 
it started to say 
. 

It began to say 'dada'.

19.26
hišimỷuup̉aƛ 
hišimỷuup 
gather 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he gathered 
qaaqɬaatikukʔi 
qaɬaatik 
younger brother.pl 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his younger brothers 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
ʔuuc 
ʔuuc 
belong to 
of the 
m̉uuħinɬ 
m̉uuħinɬ 
Sawbill 
Sawbills 
. 

The chief of the Sawbills gathered his younger brothers together.

pg. 3/52 begins here

19.27
n̉uw̉icn̉aħʔapikin 
n̉uw̉icn̉aħ 
seek one's father 
-ˀap 
CAUS 
-(y)ik 
IRR.FUT 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we will have him look for his father 
yaa 
yaa1 
that 
that 
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
. 

We will have that baby look for his father.

19.28
hiisikin 
his(t) 
LOC 
-(y)ik 
IRR.FUT 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we will do it there 
yaa 
yaa1 
there 
there 
ʔapw̉inqisʔi 
ʔapw̉inqis 
middle of the beach 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the middle of the beach 
ƛušinqakčis 
ƛušinqakʷ 
canoe platform 
-či2 
at 
-aˑs1 
on a surface 
on a canoe platform 
. 

We will (do it) over there in the middle of the beach on a canoe platform.'

An arrangement of boards across two parallel canoes so as to make a large flat surface, used for moving household goods and for ceremonial purposes.

19.29
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they said 
qaaqɬaatikʔi 
qaɬaatik 
younger brother.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
younger brothers 
, 
qʷeeʔin 
qʷaa 
thus 
-in2 
ABS 
let us do thus 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they said 
. 

'Very well' said the younger brothers, 'let us do so'.

19.30
ƛušinqšiƛ 
ƛušinqšiƛ 
make canoe platform 
they made a canoe platform 
kuʔaɬ 
kuʔaɬ 
in the morning 
in the morning 
ƛiiħšiƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
they set off 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
ʔapw̉inqisʔi 
ʔapw̉inqis 
middle of the beach 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the middle of the beach 
m̉aʔaquuʔa 
m̉aʔaquuʔa 
Macoah 
Macoah 
. 

In the morning they made a canoe platform and paddled off, went to the middle of the beach at Macoah.

19.31
ħačatak 
ħačat 
all 
all 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
Sawbill tribe 
Sawbill tribe 
ɬuuħuuɬas 
ɬuuħuuɬas 
have a board in front of 
they had a board in front of them 
suu 
suu 
hold 
holding 
nasqỷak 
nasqỷakʷ 
beating stick 
beating sticks 
. 

Each one of the Saw-bill family had a board in front of him on (his canoe), and was holding a beating stick.

19.32
ʔuwiiʔap̉at 
ʔuwiiʔap 
do first 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they took him first 
č̉ukn̉am̉it 
č̉ukn̉am̉it 
Wren-Son 
Wren 
tayicqisimʔi 
tayicqisim 
senior chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
senior chief 
. 

They took Wren, the senior chief, first.

19.33
|| 
čuu 
čuu1 
well! 
well! 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
č̉ukn̉am̉aayiit 
č̉ukn̉am̉it 
Wren-Son 
Wren 
hitinqsaʔaayii 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ʔii 
go to 
go to the beach 
ʔuħuk̉ʷaayiic 
ʔuħ 
is 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you are his 
n̉uw̉iqsaawuu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
father 
|| 
wawaa 
wawaa 
say 
said 
nuukʔii 
nuuk 
song 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the song 
. 

"well! say! Wren-Son go to the beach, you are his father father father," said the song.

Mink speech: č̉ukn̉am̉eet hitinqseʔi ʔuħuk̉ʷeeʔic n̉uw̉iiqsu

In this chant the final vowels are split and lengthened. Normal: č̉okn̉am̉it (or vocative -meˑt) hitinqseʔi ʔohok̉ʷeˑʔic n̉ow̉iˑqso.

19.34
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went to the beach 
č̉ukn̉am̉it 
č̉ukn̉am̉it 
Wren-Son 
Wren 
sayaaʔap̉at 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was still far away 
ʕaħačiʔaƛ̉at 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he turned away from him 
ʕaħačiƛ 
ʕaħa 
turn away 
turning away 
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
. 

Wren went down to the beach, while he was still far away the baby turned away from him.

19.35
ỷimħaa 
ỷimħaa 
be ashamed 
he was ashamed 
č̉ukn̉am̉it 
č̉ukn̉am̉it 
Wren-Son 
Wren 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

Wren was ashamed that he was turned away from.

19.36
|| 
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqseʔi 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
go down to the beach! 
ƛ̉iħmam̉it 
ƛ̉iħmam̉it 
Woodpecker-Son 
Woodpecker 
ʔuħuk̉ʷeeʔic 
ʔuħ 
is 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you are his 
n̉uuw̉iqsu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
|| 
wawaaƛaa 
wawaa 
say 
=ƛaa 
again 
again it was said by them 
nunuuk 
nunuuk 
singing 
singing 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
Sawbill tribe 
Sawbill tribe 
. 

Ok say! Woodpecker went to the beach "you are his father daddy daddy," again the Sawbill tribe was singing.

‎‎čuu waayii hitinqsaʔaayii ƛ̉iḥmam̉aayiit ʔuḥuk̉ʷaayiic n̉uw̉iqsaawuu taataa taataa.

19.37
sayaaʔap̉aƛ̉atƛaa 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
also 
again he was far away when 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
ƛ̉iħmam̉it 
ƛ̉iħmam̉it 
Woodpecker-Son 
Woodpecker 
. 

While he was yet at a distance, Woodpecker too was turned away from.

19.38
ỷimħaaʔaƛƛaa 
ỷimħaa 
be ashamed 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he too was ashamed 
ƛ̉iħmam̉it 
ƛ̉iħmam̉it 
Woodpecker-Son 
Woodpecker 
. 

Woodpecker, too, was ashamed.

19.39
hiʔiisʔaƛ 
hiʔiis 
on the ground 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there on the ground was 
č̉uučk̉asʔaƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀas1 
on ground 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were all on the ground 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
qʷiyiič 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-yiič 
3.INDF.REL 
when they were 
ʔiiqħii 
ʔiiqħii 
still 
still 
quqʷaas 
quuʔas 
human.pl 
human beings 
maamaatištup 
maamaatištup 
bird species 
all kinds of birds 
saxtuup 
saxtuup 
animal 
animals 
. 

There on the ground were all the people, (for that was the time) when all kinds of birds and animals were still human beings.

pg. 4/53 begins above

19.40
nuuʔiƛƛaa 
nuuʔiƛ 
start singing 
=ƛaa 
again 
they started singing again 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
Sawbill tribe 
Sawbill tribe 
. 

The Sawbill people took up the song again.

19.41
|| 
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqsaʔaayii 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ʔii 
go to 
go to the beach 
ʔaxapsỷim̉aam̉iit 
ʔuḥuk̉ʷʷaayiic 
n̉uw̉iqsaawuu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
||. 

'Now then, go down to the beach, Red-headed Woodpecker, that it be yours as father! daddy! daddy!'

19.42
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqseʔi 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
go down to the beach! 
ʔaxapsỷim̉it 
ʔaxapsỷim̉it 
Woodpecker-Son 
Woodpecker 
ʔuħuk̉ʷeeʔic 
ʔuħ 
is 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you are his 
n̉uuw̉iqsu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
. 

19.43
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went to the beach 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ʔaxapsỷim̉it 
ʔaxapsỷim̉it 
Woodpecker-Son 
Woodpecker 
. 

Woodpecker also went down to the beach.

19.44
sayaaʔap̉aƛ̉atƛaa 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he was far away when 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

Again, he was turned away from while he, too, was yet at a distance.

19.45
|| 
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqsaʔaayii 
go to the beach 
ʕimwacm̉aayiit 
ʔuḥuk̉ʷaayiic 
, 
n̉uw̉iqsaawuu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
||. 

"Ok say! Osprey went to the beach, "you are his, father daddy daddy."

19.46
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqseʔi 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
he went to the beach 
ʕimwacm̉it 
ʕimwacm̉it 
Osprey-Son 
Osprey 
ʔuħuk̉ʷeeʔic 
ʔuħ 
is 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you are his 
, 
n̉uuw̉iqsu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
. 

19.47
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went to the beach 
ʕimwacm̉it 
ʕimwacm̉it 
Osprey-Son 
Osprey 
. 

Osprey went down to the beach.

19.48
sayaaʔap̉aƛ̉atƛaa 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he was far away when 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

He too was turned away from while yet at a distance.

19.49
|| 
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqsaʔaayii 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ʔii 
go to 
go to the beach 
c̉ixʷatinm̉aayiit 
ʔuḥuk̉ʷaayiic 
, 
n̉uw̉iqsaawuu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
||. 

"Ok say! Eagle went to the beach "you are his, father daddy daddy."

19.50
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqseʔi 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
go down to the beach! 
c̉ixʷatinm̉it 
c̉ixʷatinm̉it 
Eagle-Son 
Eagle-Son 
ʔuħuk̉ʷeeʔic 
ʔuħ 
is 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you are his 
, 
n̉uuw̉iqsu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
. 

19.51
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went down to the beach 
c̉ixʷatinm̉it 
c̉ixʷatinm̉it 
Eagle-Son 
Eagle 
. 

Eagle went down to the beach.

19.52
sayaaʔap̉atƛaa 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
again 
he too was from far off 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

He, too, was turned away from while yet at a distance.

19.53
ħaħačatčiɬšiƛ 
ħaħačatčiɬšiƛ 
call out all the names 
they called out all the names 
qʷam̉eeʔitq 
qʷam̉aˑ 
all 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
all who were 
maamaatištup 
maamaatištup 
bird species 
birds 
. 

They called out the names of all who were the birds.

19.54
č̉uučkiɬʔat 
č̉uučk 
all 
-iɬ 
refer to 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they were all done to 
sayaaštip̉at 
sayaˑ 
far off 
-tiˑp 
do to while... 
-ˀat 
PASS 
while they were far off 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they were turned away from 
. 

They were all turned away from, while yet at a distance.

19.55
ʔuʔukʷiɬšiʔaƛ̉at 
ʔuʔukʷiɬšiƛ 
call out names 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
now they began to call out 
saštuuptaqimɬ 
saštuuptaqimɬ 
animal tribe 
animal tribe 
. 

Now, they began calling out the names of the animal tribe.

19.56
|| 
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqsaʔaayii 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ʔii 
go to 
go to the beach 
čimsm̉itm̉aayiit 
ʔuḥuk̉ʷaayiic 
n̉uw̉iqsaawuu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
||. 

"Ok say! Bear-Son went to the beach "you are his father daddy daddy."

The suffix -m̉iˑt 'son; mythical person' appears twice here, in its normal form and as rhetorically lengthened to -m̉aˑyiˑt.

19.57
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
hitinqseʔi 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
he went to the beach 
čimsm̉itm̉it 
čimsm̉iit 
Bear-Son 
-m̉iˑt 
son of... 
Bear 
ʔuħuk̉ʷeeʔic 
ʔuħ 
is 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you are his 
n̉uuw̉iqsu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
. 

19.58
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went down to the beach 
čimsm̉iit 
čimsm̉iit 
Bear-Son 
Bear 
. 

Bear came down to the beach.

19.59
sayaaʔap̉aƛ̉atƛaa 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he was far away when 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

He also was turned away from while yet at a distance.

19.60
kakakuupšiʔaƛ̉at 
DUP- 
DIST 
kakuupšiƛ 
call by name 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they were each called by name 
saxtuuptaqimɬ 
saxtuuptaqimɬ 
animal tribe 
animal tribe 
. 

The animals were severally called by name.

19.61
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went down to the beach 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ƛ̉uunimm̉it 
ƛ̉uunimm̉it 
Elk-Son 
Elk 
. 

Elk went down to the beach also.

pg. 5/54 begins above

19.62
sayaaʔap̉atƛaa 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
again 
he too was from far off 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

He also was turned away from while yet at a distance.

19.63
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went down to the beach 
ʕaatušm̉it 
ʕaatušm̉it 
Deer-Son 
Deer 
. 

Deer went down to the beach.

19.64
ỷuuqʷaaƛaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
=ƛaa 
again 
he too again 
sayaaʔap̉at 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was still far away 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

And he, too, was turned away from while yet at a distance.

19.65
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went down to the beach 
waaxniim̉it 
waaxniim̉it 
Otter-Son 
Otter 
. 

Otter went down to the beach.

19.66
sayaaʔap̉at 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was still far away 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

He, too, was turned away from while yet at a distance.

19.67
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went down to the beach 
ƛapisimm̉it 
ƛapisimm̉it 
Raccoon-Son 
Raccoon 
. 

Raccoon went down to the beach.

19.68
ỷuuqʷaaʔatƛaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
again 
he also was 
ʕaħačiʔat 
ʕaħačiƛ 
turn away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was turned away from 
. 

He too was turned away from.

19.69
ħaħačatčiɬšiʔatƛaa 
ħaħačatčiɬšiƛ 
call out all the names 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
again 
they had called out all the names 
qʷam̉eeʔitq 
qʷam̉aˑ 
thus many 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as many as there were 
saštuuptaqimɬ 
saštuuptaqimɬ 
animal tribe 
animal tribe 
. 

They had called everyone (in) the animal tribe.

19.70
č̉uučkiɬʔaƛƛaa 
č̉uučk 
all 
-iɬ 
do to [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he did to all 
ʕaħačiƛ 
ʕaħa 
turn away 
turned away 
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
. 

The baby turned away from all of them.

19.71
ʔaanasamiičiƛsa 
ʔana 
only 
-samiičiƛ 
need... 
-sasa 
only [L] 
only he was left 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

Now only Mink remained.

Mink, being a slave and lowest in rank, was called last.

19.72
nuuʔiƛƛaa 
nuuʔiƛ 
start singing 
=ƛaa 
again 
they started singing again 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
m̉uuħinɬtaqimɬ 
Sawbill tribe 
Sawbill tribe 
. 

They sang again the Sawbill tribe:

19.73
|| 
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
č̉aastimcm̉aayiit 
hitinqsaʔaayii 
go to the beach 
ʔuḥuk̉ʷaayiic 
n̉uw̉iqsaawuu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
||. 

'Now then, Mink, go down to the beach that it be yours as father! daddy! daddy!'

19.74
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waayii 
waayii 
say! 
say! 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
hitinqseʔi 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
go down to the beach! 
ʔuħuk̉ʷeeʔic 
ʔuħ 
is 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you are his 
n̉uuw̉iqsu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
taataa 
taataa 
father 
daddy 
. 

19.75
maaƛiicweʔin 
maaƛiic 
tie around head 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he wore around his head 
hisyuu 
hisyuu 
shredded cedar bark 
shredded cedar bark 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

Mink wore shredded cedar bark about his head.

He was trying to prevent the baby from recognizing him.

19.76
hitinqsaʔaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went down to the beach 
tušaakʔi 
tušaak 
rascal 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the rascal 
. 

The rascal went down to the beach.

19.77
k̉ačħʔiikqačka 
k̉ačħʔiik 
I guess you...(iron.) 
-qaˑčka 
2s.DUB 
I guess you would be 
yaqiik 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-(y)iik 
2s.INDF.REL 
you who are 
masčim 
masčim 
commoner 
commoner 
, 
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they said now 
. 

'I guess you would be him (the princess' lover), you who are a commoner,' they said (in irony).

19.78
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went down to the beach 
sayaaʔap̉atweʔin 
sayaaʔap 
cause to be far 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he was far off 
qatqyuuʔi 
qatqyuu 
rascal 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the rascal 
ƛ̉iikmaɬapuʔaƛ 
ƛ̉iikmaɬapuƛ 
wave hands 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began waving his hands 
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
. 

He went down to the beach and while the rascal was yet at a distance, the baby began waving his hands.

19.79
ħamupšiʔaƛ 
ħamupšiƛ 
recognize 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he recognized him 
n̉uw̉icuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉uw̉icuʔaɬ 
see one's father 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw him as his father 
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
. 

The baby recognized him, saw him as (his) father.

19.80
ʔuucaħtaksa 
ʔuucaħtaksa 
and then 
and then 
ʕaapkʷinawiʔat 
ʕaapkʷinawiƛ 
throw arms around neck 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he threw his arms around his neck 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
taking hold of 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
. 

At once the baby hugged Mink about the neck, taking hold of Mink.

19.81
ʔuỷiħtaqšiʔaƛ 
ʔuỷiħtaqšiƛ 
come from 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it had come from 
yaqʷayimtʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ayiˑ 
give 
-(m)it 
former 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which he had given 
k̉acii 
k̉ac 
pinch 
-ayiˑ 
give 
pinching off and giving 
ʔišc̉iip 
ʔišc̉iip 
gum 
gum 
. 

It had come to be from the gum he had pinched off and given away.

pg. 6/55 begins here

19.82
quʔiičiƛ 
quʔiičiƛ 
become a person 
it had become a person 
naỷaqakšiƛ 
naỷaqakšiƛ 
become a baby 
become a baby 
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
ʔuunuuƛ 
ʔunw̉iiƛ 
because 
because 
ʔuucʔuuwimtħweʔin 
CVcdup- 
SUF 
ʔu1 
REF 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he was doing so 
ʔiišʔiiša 
ʔiišʔiiša 
be chewing 
chewing 
yaqʷaaɬʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-aɬ 
attached to 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which is attached to him 
hašaħʔatʔi 
hašaħ 
penis 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his penis 
yaqʷayiiʔaƛitʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ayiˑ 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-(m)it 
former 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which he had given 
k̉acayii 
k̉ac 
pinch 
-ayiˑ 
give 
giving pinched off 
m̉uuħinɬas 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
Sawbill-Daughter 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
ʔuukʷiɬ2 
refer to 
refer to 
yaaqsaaħaƛitʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-saˑħi 
because of 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-(m)it 
former 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
because of which she 
ɬicw̉isa 
ɬicw̉isa 
pregnant 
became pregnant 
. 

The baby had turned into a person, become a baby because he had been chewing his penis and because he had given a pinched off piece to Sawbill-daughter, which had caused her to become pregnant.

19.83
hitacħinuʔaƛ 
hitacħinawiƛ 
marry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he married her 
tušaakʔi 
tušaak 
rascal 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the rascal 
č̉uučkcħinƛ 
č̉uučk 
both 
-cħi 
be married to 
-inawiƛ1 
GRD [L+S] 
married both of them 
m̉aʔaħʔi 
m̉aʔaħ 
sisters 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the sisters 
. 

The rascal then married her, married both sisters.

19.84
hiikʷaɬʔat 
hiikʷaɬ 
nearly 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was nearly  
qaħsaap̉atik 
qaħsaap 
kill 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(y)ik 
IRR.FUT 
be killed 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
ħaw̉iiħʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chiefs 
ʔuunuuƛ 
ʔunw̉iiƛ 
because 
because 
hutiiqak̉at 
hutiiqakʷ 
be jealous 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they were jealous 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ƛuɬcħinƛ 
ƛuɬcħinawiƛ 
marry a beautiful woman 
he had married beautiful women 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ħakumcħinƛ 
ħakumcħinawiƛ 
marry a princess 
married princesses 
. 

Mink was nearly killed by the chiefs because they were jealous that he had married beautiful women, that he had married princesses.

19.85
wahaakʔaƛ̉i 
wahaakʷ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
now go! 
nunusčiʕiiħʔaani 
nunusčiʕiiħ 
gather sea urchins 
-ˀaani 
1p.PURP 
so we may gather sea urchins 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
m̉aam̉iiqsuʔi 
m̉aam̉iiqsu 
older child 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the eldest one 
m̉uuħinɬas 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
Sawbill-Daughter 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
ʔuukʷiɬ2 
refer to 
refer to 
čakupšiƛukʔi 
čakupšiƛ 
become husband 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who became their husband 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

'Now go so we may gather sea urchins!' said the older Sawbill-daughter to the one who had become her husband, Mink.

19.86
hinaačiƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
they set off on the water 
nunusčiʕiiħ 
nunusčiʕiiħ 
gather sea urchins 
gathering sea urchins 
č̉uučkista 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ista 
... person(s) in canoe 
all in the canoe 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
three 
ʔiš 
ʔiš 
and 
and 
naỷaqakʔi 
naỷaqak 
baby 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the baby 
. 

They set out on the water to gather sea urchins, all three with the baby in a canoe.

19.87
hiỷaħs 
hiiỷaħs 
be in canoe 
she was there in the canoe 
m̉aam̉iiqsuʔi 
m̉aam̉iiqsu 
older child 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the older sister 
ʔapw̉inqsʔi 
ʔapw̉inqs 
amidships 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
in the middle of  
č̉apacʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the canoe 
. 

The older sister was in the middle of the canoe.

19.88
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
m̉uqʷapiiħ 
m̉uqʷapiiħ 
Ottaway, Rowland, and Spilling Islets 
Ottaway, Rowland and Spilling Islets 
ʔukɬeeʔi 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the ones called 
ʔaƛqimɬ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
two 
čaʔak 
čaʔakʷ 
island 
islands 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where there were 
ʔayint 
ʔayint 
stocked with many 
stocked with many 
nuusčii 
nuusčii 
Green Sea Urchin 
Green Sea Urchins 
. 

They went to the two (actually three) islands called Ottaway, Rowland and Spilling Islets, where there were many sea urchins.

19.89
hinasiƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
they reached 
čaʔakʔi 
čaʔakʷ 
island 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the islands 
. 

They reached the islands.

19.90
n̉aačʔataƛ 
n̉aačʔatu 
look down 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he looked down 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
ʔayeeʔeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaˑʔa 
on the rocks 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
many on the rocks 
nuusčii 
nuusčii 
Green Sea Urchin 
sea urchins 
. 

Mink looked down into the sea and saw many sea urchins on the rocks.

19.91
wiinapuʔiƛ 
wiinapawiƛ 
stop 
-ˀiˑč 
2p>3.IMP 
stop! 
wiinapuʔiƛ 
wiinapawiƛ 
stop 
-ˀiˑč 
2p>3.IMP 
stop! 
yaaɬmaa 
yaaɬ 
there 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
there are there 
ʔayaaʔa 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaˑʔa 
on the rocks 
many on the rocks 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said to 
yaʔaayaqʔitq 
DUP- 
SUF 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-q1 
travel in...vehicle [R] 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the ones who were travelling with him in the canoe 
m̉aʔaħʔi 
m̉aʔaħ 
sisters 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the sisters 
ɬuucsaamiiħukʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife.pl 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wives 
. 

'You two, stop! stop! there are many (sea urchins) on the rocks', he said to the sisters, his wives, who were with him in the canoe.

Normal: wiinapuʔič.

19.92
wiinapuƛ 
wiinapawiƛ 
stop 
they stopped 
m̉aʔaħʔi 
m̉aʔaħ 
sisters 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the sisters 
hawiiƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
they finished 
ƛiiħak 
ƛiiħakʷ 
paddle 
paddling 
. 

The sisters stopped, they stopped paddling.

pg. 7/56 begins above

19.93
ħan̉aħtuʔaƛ 
ħan̉aħtawiƛ 
disrobe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took off his clothes 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

Mink took off his clothes.

19.94
čuuʔataƛ 
čuuʔatu 
dive down 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he dived down 
hinusa 
hinusa 
surface 
he surfaced 
tuuħuuɬ 
tuuħuuɬ 
hold in front 
holding in front 
nuusčii 
nuusčii 
Green Sea Urchin 
sea urchins 
. 

He dived under the water and came up to the surface, holding several sea urchins in front of him.

19.95
ƛaaniƛaħɬ 
čaani 
at first 
-ˀiƛ 
take [L] 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will get first 
ʔuukʷaƛaqin 
ʔukʷa 
oneself 
-ca 
go to 
-qin 
1p REL 
I will for myself 
, 
waa 
waa 
say 
he said 
. 

'I will first get some for myself', he said.

Note the Mink speech. Regular: čaaniƛaħ(s) ʔuukʷacaqin.

19.96
huuʔiiʔatuƛaa 
huuʔiiʔatu 
dive back down 
=ƛaa 
again 
he dived down again 
ħeʔiisčiʔaƛʔitq 
ħeʔiisčiƛ 
eat up all 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
when he had eaten all 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eat 
čuuʔatu 
čuuʔatu 
dive down 
he dived down 
ƛaaʔuuƛ̉asƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
-ˀiƛ 
go for [L] 
-ˀas3 
go to 
=ƛaa 
again 
in order to get other 
nuusčii 
nuusčii 
Green Sea Urchin 
sea urchins 
. 

When he had eaten all, he dived down again going under in order to get some more sea urchins.

19.97
hinusaƛaa 
hinusa 
surface 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he surfaced 
ʔayiicsw̉isaƛaa 
ʔayiicsw̉isa 
bring many up out of the water 
=ƛaa 
again 
carrying many up out of the water 
nuusčii 
nuusčii 
Green Sea Urchin 
sea urchins 
. 

Again he came to the surface, carrying many sea urchins up to the surface.

19.98
čaaniƛaħs 
čaani 
at first 
-ˀiƛ 
go for [L] 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will get first 
ʔuukʷacaqin 
ʔukʷa 
oneself 
-ca 
go to 
-qin 
1p REL 
which I will go and get for myself 
, 
waaʔaƛƛaa 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he said again 
. 

'I will first get some for myself,' he said again.

note the mix of Mink and non-Mink speech

19.99
ʔuʔuukʷaqħƛaa 
DUP- 
PL 
ʔukʷa 
oneself 
-ħ2 
CONTEMP 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he did to them himself 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 
. 

And once more he ate them himself.

19.100
kʷinʔaɬʔaƛuk 
kʷinʔaɬ 
long for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his longed for some now 
ɬuucsmam̉inħukʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wives 
ħeʔiisčiƛƛaa 
ħeʔiisčiƛ 
eat up all 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he ate them all 
ƛaʔuukƛaa 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
=ƛaa 
again 
again 
čuuʔatu 
čuuʔatu 
dive down 
he dived down 
. 

His wives were longing to have some, (but) he ate them all and again dived under.

19.101
n̉aačʔataƛ 
n̉aačʔatu 
look down 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she looked down 
ỷukʷiiqsuʔi 
ỷukʷiiqsu 
younger sibling 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the younger sister 
ʔuħ 
ʔuħ 
is 
is 
. 

The younger sister now looked down under the water.

19.102
qaħʔaačee 
qaħʔaˑči 
dead-in-crotch 
-ee 
VOC 
dead-in-crotch! 
n̉ašiʔi 
n̉ašiƛ 
go to see 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
look! 
qʷacħiyiič̉in 
qʷaa 
thus 
-cħi 
be married to 
-yiič 
3.INDF.REL 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
thus is the one we are married to 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
m̉aam̉iiqsakʔi 
m̉aam̉iiqsu 
older sibling 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
to her older sister 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
ʔuukʷiɬ2 
refer to 
refer to 
. 

'You old hag, look (and see) what our spouse is like!' she said to her older sister.

This epithet is not to be taken literally, but expresses the surprise and disgust at what she has just seen. In other words the expression here combines a vocative with the emotional tone of an oath.

19.103
n̉aačʔataƛ 
n̉aačʔatu 
look down 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she looked down 
m̉aam̉iiqsuʔi 
m̉aam̉iiqsu 
older sibling 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the older sister 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
saw him 
yaaɬweeʔin 
yaaɬ 
there 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he was there 
hupiismiʔa 
hupiismiʔa 
drag about on rocks 
dragging about 
ƛ̉inħin 
ƛ̉inħin 
hemorrhoids 
hemorrhoids 
saasiičp̉inʔat 
saasiičp̉in 
extend out 
-ˀat 
PASS 
extending out 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

The older sister looked under the water and saw there was Mink moving about dragging his hemorrhoids which extended out some distance.

19.104
t̉aʕeeʔinỷapikin 
t̉aʕeeʔinỷap 
leave behind on the rocks 
-(y)ik 
IRR.FUT 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we will leave him behind 
c̉iišcỷaksama 
c̉iišcỷakʷ 
nasty 
-sasa 
just [L] 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
he is just nasty 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
m̉aam̉iiqsuʔi 
m̉aam̉iiqsu 
older child 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the older sister 
. 

'We will leave him behind on the rocks; he is just nasty', said the older sister.

19.105
hinusaƛaa 
hinusa 
surface 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he surfaced 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
ʔuʔuukʷaqħƛaa 
DUP- 
PL 
ʔukʷa 
oneself 
-ħ2 
CONTEMP 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he did to them himself 
ħeʔiisšiƛ 
ħeʔiisčiƛ 
eat up all 
eat up all 
nuusčiiʔi 
nuusčii 
Green Sea Urchin 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the sea urchins 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 
. 

Mink came up to the surface again and once more ate up all the sea urchins.

19.106
ƛaħtiip̉at 
ƛaħtiip 
as soon as 
-ˀat 
PASS 
as soon as he did 
čuuʔataƛʔitqƛaa 
čuuʔatu 
dive down 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
=ƛaa 
again 
he dived down again 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
tuxkʷist̉aħs 
tuxkʷist̉aħs 
jump out of canoe 
she jumped up in the canoe 
m̉aam̉iiqsuʔi 
m̉aam̉iiqsu 
older child 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the older sister 
ʔuʔiiqs 
ʔuʔii 
go to 
-ˀaħs 
in vessel 
she went to  
ƛičeeʔi 
ƛičaˑ 
stern 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the stern 
. 

As soon as Mink dived under again the older sister jumped up in the canoe and went to the stern.

19.107
ƛaatw̉iiƛ 
ƛaatw̉iiƛ 
paddle off hard 
they paddled off 
m̉aʔaħʔi 
m̉aʔaħ 
sisters 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the sisters 
m̉uuħinɬasm̉inħ 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
Sawbill-Daughter 
. 

The Sawbill sisters paddled off.

19.108
ƛiiħšiƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
they set off 
t̉aʕeeʔinỷap 
t̉aʕeeʔinỷap 
leave behind on the rocks 
leaving behind on the rocks 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

They set off, leaving Mink behind on the rocks.

pg. 8/57 begins below

19.109
ʔuʕiƛweʔin 
ʔuʕiƛ2 
find out 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he found out 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
yii 
yii1 
yonder 
yonder 
sayaaʔaƛukqa 
sayaˑ 
far off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
DUR 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
they were far off 
ɬuucsaamiiħ 
ɬuucsma 
wife.pl 
his wives 
ƛiiħak 
ƛiiħakʷ 
paddle 
paddling away 
. 

Mink found out that his wives were far off, paddling away.

19.110
heey 
hiy 
Hiy! 
hey! 
ƛukʷaaƛ̉iƛak 
čukʷaaƛ̉ik 
come! [pl] 
come here! 
hiɬaaħɬ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I have here 
ʔuuʔatup̉aƛit 
ʔuuʔatup 
for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-it2 
PASS 
some for you 
ɬiiw̉eeee 
siiw̉a 
you [Pl] 
-ee 
VOC 
you 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
haaʕinčiƛ 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
calling out 
. 

'Say! come here now! here I have gotten some for you', called out Mink.

Normal: čukʷaaƛ̉ičak hiɬaaħ(s) ʔuuʔatup̉aƛ̉it siiw̉ee

19.111
ʔuukʷacaqinʔaƛči 
ʔukʷa 
oneself 
-caˑqa1 
obtain ... food [L] 
-ˀin2 
treated as 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=čiˑ 
go and ... 
go and get for yourself 
qatqsaqɔɔɬ 
qatqsaqɔɔɬ 
you with your head cut off! 
you with your head cut off 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they said 
m̉uuħinɬasm̉inħ 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
Sawbill-Daughters 
. 

'Get some for yourself now, you with your head cut off', said the Sawbill-daughters.

19.112
ʕuukʷiƛ 
ʕuukʷiƛ 
do more 
they did more 
ʔaniisiɬa 
ʔaana 
really 
-siɬa 
do 
really doing 
ʔuuƛʔuusak 
ʔuusaˑk 
strong.pl 
doing with more force 
ƛiiħak 
ƛiiħakʷ 
paddle 
paddling 
m̉aʔaħinkʔi 
m̉aʔaħ 
sisters 
-(č,k)inkʷ3 
together 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
both sisters together 
. 

They only paddled along with more force, both sisters together.

19.113
huʔaƛaƛiʔiƛakɔɔ 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀiˑčak 
come! [2p] 
come back! 
ʔuuɬwaayuuɬaħɬɔɔɔɔ 
ʔuuš 
some 
-waˑ 
say [R] 
-uusaħ 
1s.IRR 
-ee 
VOC 
I might same something about you 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

'Come back! I might say things about you,' said Mink.

Note the Mink speech. Regular: Normal: huʔacačiʔičak ʔuušwaayuusaħ(s).

19.114
ʔuušwaači 
ʔuuš 
some 
-waˑ 
say [R] 
=čiˑ 
go and ... 
go and say things 
qatqyɔɔ 
qatqyuu 
head cut off 
beheaded one 
, 
waa 
waa 
say 
they said 
ħaatħaakʷaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young women 
. 

'Go ahead and say things, you beheaded one,' said the young women.

19.115
yaa 
yaa1 
that 
ya! 
ʔiʔiʔiščatee 
DUP- 
PL 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔiiš 
chew gum 
-či1 
attached to [RL] 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ee 
VOC 
you with yours attached with gum 
kʷan̉uxỷak 
kʷan̉uxỷakʷ 
urethra 
urethras 
, 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
qatqyuuʔi 
qatqyuu 
rascal 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the rascal 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

'Ya! you with your urethras fastened on with gum', said the rascal Mink.

19.116
kuʔuqšiƛ 
kuʔuqšiƛ 
swear at 
he swore at 
ɬuucsaamiiħukʷitʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife.pl 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)it 
former 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his former wives 
. 

He swore at his former wives.

19.117
ƛiiħak̉aƛ 
ƛiiħakʷ 
paddle 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they paddled on 
m̉aʔaħinkʔi 
m̉aʔaħ 
sisters 
-(č,k)inkʷ3 
together 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
both sisters together 
m̉uuħinɬasm̉inħ 
m̉uuħinɬas 
Sawbill-Daughter 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
Sawbill-Daughters 
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
going home 
. 

The Sawbill-Daughter sisters paddled on, going home.

19.118
t̉aʕeeʔinỷap̉aƛ 
t̉aʕeeʔinỷap 
leave behind on the rocks 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they left him behind on the rocks 
čakupukʷitʔiʔaɬ 
čakup 
husband 
-uk 
POSS 
-(m)it 
former 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
=ʔaɬ 
PL 
their former husband 
waħšiʔaƛ 
waħšiƛ 
abandon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
abandoning him 
. 

They left their former husband behind on the rocks, abandoning him.

19.119
ʔuup̉iičiʔaƛ 
ʔuup̉iičiƛ 
dislike 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they disliked him 
p̉iišp̉iičiƛ 
p̉iišp̉iičiƛ 
be bad 
being bad 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
huupwakƛinɬqa 
huupwakƛinɬ 
push out of the anus at intervals 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that he always pushed out from his anus 
ƛ̉inħinʔatʔi 
ƛ̉inħin 
hemorrhoids 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his hemorrhoids 
. 

They disliked him for being bad in that he was always pushing his hemorrhoids out of his anus.

19.120
t̉aʕeeʔinỷu 
t̉aʕeeʔinỷu 
abandon on the rocks 
he was abandoned on the rocks 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

Mink was abandoned on the rocks.

19.121
ʔuunuuʔaƛweʔin 
ʔunw̉iiƛ 
why 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
for that reason 
ʔaħʔaa 
ʔaħʔaa 
that 
that 
ʔayint̉aƛ 
ʔayint 
stocked with many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they are now stocked with many 
č̉aastimc 
č̉aastimc 
mink 
minks 
m̉uqʷapiiħ 
m̉uqʷapiiħ 
Ottaway, Rowland, and Spilling Islets 
Burned-around islands 
. 

That is why the Burned-Around (Ottaway, Rowland, and Spilling Islets) are now stocked with many minks.

19.122
ƛaħʔuyi 
ƛaħʔuyi 
recently 
recently 
ʔanič 
ʔanič 
that 
that 
hiỷeeʔinỷimt 
hiỷeeʔinỷu 
abandon there on rocks 
-(m)it 
PAST 
he was abandoned there on rocks 
ʔaħʔaa 
ʔaħʔaa 
that 
that 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
t̉aʕeeʔinỷu 
t̉aʕeeʔinỷu 
abandon on the rocks 
he was abandoned 
. 

Recently it is said that it was there on the rocks that Mink was stranded.

19.123
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
qʷisitweʔin 
qʷis 
do thus 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
this is what he did 
ʔaħʔaa 
ʔaħʔaa 
that 
that 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
č̉aastimcm̉it 
Mink-Son 
Mink 
. 

Well, that is what Mink did.