031. How a Father of Twins Caused a Big Salmon Run

Dictated by William, January 7, 1914.; Notebook XXI:22-31.

Consequences of having twins for fishing.

31.1
hinaačiƛitweʔin 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
-(m)it 
former 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he went out to sea 
ʔukɬaa 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
named 
hihiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
. 

A (man) named Sound-of-panting went out to sea.

A Tsishaath man, actually remembered by William's father.

31.2
wikiɬʕiʔat 
wikiɬʕiƛ 
be away from home 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was away from home 
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to have 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
children 
. 

He was away from home when his children were born.

31.3
čiics 
čiics 
troll 
he was trolling 
hihiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
. 

Sound-of-panting was trolling.

31.4
ʔaƛanakšiƛ 
ʔaƛanakšiƛ 
have twins 
he had twins 
t̉aatn̉eʔis 
t̉an̉eʔis 
little child.pl 
little children 
c̉awaakuk 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-uk 
DUR 
one was 
ħaakʷaaƛʔis 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
girl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little girl 
ʔiš 
ʔiš 
and 
and 
meʔiƛqac 
meʔiƛqac 
boy 
boy 
. 

He had twins, one was a little girl and one was a boy.

31.5
hitasaʔaƛ 
hitasaʔaƛ 
come to shore 
he came to shore 
pun̉iiqsaʔat 
pun̉iiqsaƛ 
run down beach 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they ran down the beach 
ʔayaqħʔat 
ʔaya 
many 
-ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀat 
PASS 
many did 
hinaɬc̉at 
hinaɬc̉a1 
meet 
-ˀat 
PASS 
to meet him 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
. 

He came to shore and many young men ran down to the beach to meet him.

31.6
wik̉aƛ̉i 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
don't do! 
timqšiƛ 
timqšiƛ 
wade in 
wading 
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was told 
. 

'Don't wade in the water!' he was told.

Man having twins must keep away from water, else he scares fish away. Even if one has only one child, he should keep away from water; for twins it is worse.

31.7
wik̉ii 
wik 
not 
-ˀiˑ 
2s>3.IMPER 
don't do 
hinuɬta 
hinuɬta 
get out of canoe 
get out of canoe 
. 

'Don't get out of your canoe!'

31.8
t̉aʕaħsʔaaqƛ̉amin 
t̉aq1 
unchanged 
-ˀaħs 
in vessel 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(y)aˑ 
IMPF 
-(m)in 
1p IND 
we will do while you stay in your canoe 
čiisaƛ 
čiisaƛ 
pull up onto beach 
pull up onto beach 
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was told 
. 

'We will pull you up onto the beach while you remain in the canoe,' he was told.

A man having twins must keep away from water for a year, else he will scare the fish away. Even if one has only one child, he should keep away from water; if twins, he has even more taboos to observe. A father of twins must not eat fish. The mother must not cut or eat salmon or go out berrying.

31.9
ʔuucaħtaksa 
ʔuucaħtaksa 
immediately 
right away 
tuxw̉iɬta 
tuxw̉iɬta 
jump out of 
he jumped out of 
. 

Right away, he jumped out of the canoe.

31.10
ʔaaqisimčʔaaqƛ̉ap̉aƛcsuu 
ʔaqi 
what? 
-simč 
train ritually for [L] 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀap 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-suu 
2p.ABS 
what will I go and train ritually for? 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
. 

'What would you have me train for?' he said.

Implying that he is not afraid, that he will bring the fish by ritual training. To have twins shows that the fish want to come to see you. If you train properly, they will be glad to come to you; if you do not, they will punish you — your children will die.

31.11
yiiɬačištweʔin 
yiiɬačišt 
be on the water 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
there he was in the water 
tuxʷačišt 
tuxʷačišt 
jump into the water 
having jumped into the water 
. 

There he was in the water where he had jumped in.

31.12
hiixuqšiʔaƛ 
hixuqšiƛ 
shout 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they shouted 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
. 

The many young men shouted.

31.13
hinusčis 
hinusčis 
up the beach 
he went up the beach 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
. 

Sound-of-panting went up the beach.

31.14
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
he went home 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his house 
hineeʔiƛ 
hineeʔiƛ 
enter house 
he entered the house 
. 

He went to his house and entered.

31.15
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔatuk 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
POSS 
his started making 
ħaačatuuʔatuk 
ħačat 
all 
-uwa 
act together with [L] 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
DUR 
all acting together 
qʷam̉eeʔitq 
qʷam̉aˑ 
thus many 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as many as there were 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔukʷiiɬʔatuk 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
POSS 
making his 
tič̉im 
tič̉im 
rubbing medicine 
rubbing medicines 
ʔuusimčỷak 
ʔuusimč 
do ritual training 
-ỷakʷ 
use 
to use for ritual training 
haʔum 
haʔum 
fish 
fish 
. 

All his people working together started making rubbing medicines for him to use in training for fish.

pg. 23 begins above

31.16
c̉awaakuk 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-uk 
POSS 
one was 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 
ʔukʷiiɬʔatuk 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
POSS 
making his 
. 

One day was spent in making them.

31.17
šiiƛuk̉ʷaƛ 
šiiƛuk 
move house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he moved 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
hitaaqƛ̉asʔi 
hitaaqƛ̉as 
woods 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woods 
. 

Sound-of-panting moved to the woods.

31.18
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he stopped 
ʔuukʷiiqsta 
ʔu1 
REF 
-či1 
along with 
-ˀaˑqsta 
among [L] 
being amongst 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
. 

He stopped living with the many people.

31.19
hitaaqƛ̉iʔaƛ 
hitaaqƛ̉iƛ 
go into woods 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went into the woods 
haat̉inqšiʔaƛ 
haat̉inqšiƛ 
bathe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to bathe 
quuʔasitʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
-(m)it 
former 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the former person 
. 

The former person went into the woods and started to bathe.

Referred to as 'former' because he has withdrawn from the community.

31.20
ħaʕinčiʔaƛ 
ħaʕinčiƛ 
call out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he called out 
|| 
yaaaa 
yaa+ 
halaaaa 
woʔoooo 
ʔayaaaa 
hahaaaa 
haaaa 
haa+ 
haaaa 
haa+ 
haaaa 
haa+ 
||. 

He called out: "yaa+ halaa+ wo'oo+ 'ayaa+ hahaa+ haa+ haa+".

31.21
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
saying 
ƛ̉uuɬapiqħʔaƛ 
ƛ̉uuɬapi 
hold the hands palms up 
-ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
do while holding his hands palms up 
ʔucaħtakħʔaƛ 
ʔucaħtakʷ 
direct towards 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
facing towards 
hiɬsuuʔisʔi 
hiɬsuuʔis 
out to sea 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
out to sea 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
hiỷatħʔitq 
hiỷatħ 
live at 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where they dwell 
hink̉uuʔas 
hink̉uuʔas 
dog-salmon 
dog-salmon 
sac̉up 
sac̉up 
Chinook salmon 
Chinook salmon 
cuw̉it 
cuw̉it 
coho salmon 
cohoe salmon 
suuħaa 
suuħaa 
silver spring salmon 
silver spring salmon 
ƛusmit 
ƛusmit 
herring 
herring 
. 

(This) he said while holding his hands out, palms up, and facing toward the sea, where the dog-salmon, the tyee salmon, the cohoe salmon, the silver spring salmon, the herring live.

To hold hands palms out is bad luck, because it indicates that one shoves the fish back; to hold hands palms up calls the fish to one.

31.22
tiiƛtiičiʔaƛ 
tiiƛtiičiƛ 
start to rub 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to rub 
ʔuusimčšiʔaƛ 
ʔuusimčšiƛ 
train for power 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
training for power for 
hink̉uuʔas 
hink̉uuʔas 
dog-salmon 
dog-salmon 
sac̉up 
sac̉up 
Chinook salmon 
Chinook salmon 
qʷiqqʷiqʔitq 
DUP- 
PL 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
every kind of 
haatʔum 
haʔum 
fish.pl 
kinds of fish 
. 

He started to rub, training for dog-salmon, tyee salmon, and every kind of fish.

31.23
ħaačatsimč 
ħaačatsimč 
ritually train for everything 
he trained for all of them 
. 

He trained for all of them.

To have twins sows that fish want to come to see you. If you train well, they'll be glad to come to you; if you do not, they'll punish you - your children die. Twins, Indians say, never live long. Twins: numaqsti "tabooed from inside".

31.24
ƛaħtiip̉aƛquuweʔin 
ƛaħtiip 
as soon as 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
as soon as it did so 
ƛ̉isšiƛ 
ƛ̉isšiƛ 
dawn 
dawning 
haaʕinčiʔaƛ 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started calling out 
ƛuyačiʔaƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be favourable to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
when it was right 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 
wikʕaƛšiʔaƛ 
wikʕaƛšiƛ 
be silent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he became silent 
. 

As soon as it dawned he would start calling out, and when it was full daylight he became silent.

31.25
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he stopped 
haaʕinapi 
haaʕinapi 
call out 
calling out 
. 

He stopped calling out.

31.26
ƛaħtiip̉aƛƛaa 
ƛaħtiip 
as soon as 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
then as soon as it did again 
ƛuuč̉anuʔaƛquu 
ƛuuč̉anawiƛ 
become late afternoon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
it became late afternoon 
haaʕinčiʔaƛƛaa 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
he started calling out again 
. 

Then as soon as it became late afternoon again, he started calling out.

pg. 24 begins above

31.27
tiiƛtiiyaƛ 
tiiƛtiiya 
rub o.s. ritually 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he kept rubbing ritually 
hiyiħʔinmit 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
-(m)it 
PAST 
the former Sound-of-panting 
. 

The former Sound-of-panting kept rubbing.

31.28
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it was for a long time 
tiiƛtiiya 
tiiƛtiiya 
rub o.s. ritually 
rub o.s. ritually 
. 

He rubbed himself ritually for a long time.

31.29
ƛawiičiʔat 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was approached 
hiɬħʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where he was 
tiiƛtiiya 
tiiƛtiiya 
rub o.s. ritually 
rubbing ritually 
c̉ixʷatinqħʔat 
c̉ixʷatin 
bald eagle 
-ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀat 
PASS 
by an eagle 
. 

The place where he was rubbing ritually was approached by an eagle.

31.30
ʔaneeʔis 
ʔanaa[...]ʔis 
little in extent 
-ʔis 
DIM 
it was nearby 
ʔuʔiyas 
ʔuʔiiyas 
go onto a tree 
going onto 
mataasiƛ 
mataasiƛ 
alight on tree 
alighting on a tree 
c̉ixʷatinʔi 
c̉ixʷatin 
bald eagle 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the eagle 
. 

The eagle landed nearby on a branch.

31.31
ƛ̉isuk̉ʷat 
ƛ̉isuk 
white 
-ˀat 
INAL 
its was white 
nač̉a 
nač̉a 
tail 
tail 
. 

Its tail was white.

31.32
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
he grabbed 
wik 
wik 
not 
not 
šaw̉eʔii 
šaw̉aaʔa 
flee 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who fled 
c̉ixʷatinʔi 
c̉ixʷatin 
bald eagle 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the eagle 
. 

He took the eagle, which did not attempt to flee.

31.33
ʔuuwinuup 
ʔuuwinuup 
put on the neck 
he put on its neck 
hiininuup 
hiininuup 
place on the neck 
placing on the neck 
hisyuu 
hisyuu 
shredded cedar bark 
shredded cedar bark 
. 

He placed shredded cedar bark about its neck.

31.34
sukʷiƛčip 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
he took its 
c̉aawiiƛčip 
c̉awaˑ 
one 
-ˀiƛ 
take [L] 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
taking one from it 
ʕiyaaɬ 
ʕiyaaɬ 
feather 
feather 
ʔuuʔiƛčip 
ʔuuʔiƛ1 
go for 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
taking from 
čimciiỷakƛatʔi 
čimciiɬ 
right side 
-ˀakƛi 
at rear 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
from the right side of tail 
. 

He took one of its feathers from the right side of its tail.

The last in rear on the right

31.35
matšiʔaƛ 
matšiƛ 
fly off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it flew off 
c̉ixʷatinʔi 
c̉ixʷatin 
bald eagle 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the eagle 
yeeeɬʔaƛ 
yaaɬ 
there 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
far off there 
. 

The eagle flew far off.

31.36
hašaħšiʔaƛuk 
hašaħšiƛ 
keep safe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
he kept it safe 
ʔuuʔiiqstisʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuuʔiiqstisʔap 
put s.t. in on the beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
putting it in 
k̉acħaqukʔi 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his robe 
. 

He kept his (token) safe, putting it in his robe while on the beach.

Probably refers to gravelly shore of lake.

31.37
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took 
ʔuuʔiƛ 
ʔuuʔiƛ1 
go for 
go for 
ʔanaħʔis 
ʔanaħʷ 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little 
ʔinksỷiʔis 
ʔinksỷi 
stick 
-ʔis 
DIM 
stick 
. 

He took a little stick.

31.38
wik 
wik 
not 
he did not 
qii 
qii 
long time 
long time 
hiỷaqƛn̉uk 
hiỷaqƛn̉uk 
hold in the hand 
holding in his hands 
. 

He did not hold it in his hands long.

31.39
ʔuucaħtaksa 
ʔuucaħtaksa 
and then 
and then 
matšiƛ 
matšiƛ 
fly off 
it flew off 
mamatw̉isa 
mamatw̉isa 
fly away 
flying away 
yaʕaqƛn̉ukʷitʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ˀaqƛn̉uk 
in the hand 
-(m)it 
former 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which had been in his hands 
. 

And then that which had been in his hands flew away.

pg. 25 begins below

It flew out because the eagle is a doctoring bird. This would do him no good, because he was not seeking doctoring power. The feather would only keep the fish away.

31.40
kamatsap 
kamatsap 
realize 
he realized 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
p̉išaqqa 
p̉išaq 
bad 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
it was a bad thing 
yaʕatʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which had done 
ƛawiičiʔat 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
-ˀat 
PASS 
coming to him 
. 

Sound-of-panting realized that it was a bad thing that had come to him.

31.41
waħšiƛ 
waħšiƛ 
discard 
he discarded 
ʕiyaaɬʔi 
ʕiyaaɬ 
feather 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the feather 
wikmaʕiiqƛ 
wikmaʕiiqƛ 
not want 
not wanting 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
qʷaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
thus 
. 

Sound-of-panting threw the feather away, not wanting such a thing.

31.42
ƛ̉uučiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉uučiƛ 
remember 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he remembered 
ʔaniič 
ʔaniič 
that 
that 
m̉inuuʕaqƛ̉apʔaaɬa 
m̉inuuʕaqƛ̉ap 
cause to be a disease-thrower 
=ʔaaɬa 
=always 
they always cause one to be a disease thrower 
ʔuunuuʔaƛ 
ʔunw̉iiƛ 
because 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because of which 
waħšiƛ 
waħšiƛ 
discard 
he discarded it 
. 

He remembered that they (eagles) are said to make one a disease-thrower, for which reason he discarded it.

Disease-throwing is a practice in which, by secret ritual, one causes an invisible disease element to enter the body of someone whom one wishes to harm.

31.43
ƛaʔuuyuʔaɬʔaƛ 
ƛaʔuuyuʔaɬ 
see another one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw another thing 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
he saw 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolf 
ʔuʔiiʔisʔaƛ̉atƛaa 
ʔuʔiiʔis 
get to beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
=again 
coming to the beach 
hisħʔiitq 
his(t) 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where he was doing 
tiiƛtiiya 
tiiƛtiiya 
rub o.s. ritually 
rubbing ritually 
. 

He saw another thing, a wolf which came to the place on the beach where he was rubbing himself ritually.

31.44
ƛaħʔaƛ 
ƛaħʔaƛ 
now 
now 
ʔuyiiʔaƛ̉at 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was given 
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
good 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 
yaqʷayatʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ayiˑ 
give 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which he was given 
ʔaɬšiƛ 
ʔaɬšiƛ 
vomit 
vomit 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
wolf 
. 

Now he was given good medicine, the wolf's vomit which he was given.

31.45
ʔuwaħsuɬ 
ʔuwaħsuɬ 
come out 
it came out of him 
muusaaħtak 
muu 
four 
-saˑħtakʷ 
... kind(s) 
four kinds of 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 
. 

Four kinds of medicine came out of him (the wolf).

31.46
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 
hitaaqƛ̉iʔaƛ 
hitaaqƛ̉iƛ 
go into woods 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going into the woods 
n̉upqimɬiya 
n̉upqimɬiya 
for one month 
for one month 
ħaasikʔaaqƛ 
ħasiikʷ1 
finish 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
trying to use up 
qʷam̉aaʔakʔitq 
qʷam̉aˑ 
all 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
all of his 
tič̉im 
tič̉im 
rubbing medicine 
rubbing medicines 
. 

He went off into the woods for a month, trying to use up all his rubbing medicines.

31.47
haaʕinčiʔaƛquuweʔin 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he started calling out 
ƛ̉uuč̉anuʔaƛquu 
ƛ̉uuč̉anuƛ 
late afternoon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
in the late afternoon 
ʔuuwiiqšʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʔuuwiiqš 
ask for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
asking  
hink̉uuʔas 
hink̉uuʔas 
dog-salmon 
dog-salmon 
hiihiqtup 
hihiqtup 
different animals 
different fish 
. 

He started calling out in the late afternoon, calling upon the dog-salmon and all sorts of fish.

31.48
hitacsaʔaƛ 
hitasaʔaƛ 
come to shore 
they come to shore 
cuw̉it 
cuw̉it 
coho salmon 
coho salmon 
hink̉uuʔas 
hink̉uuʔas 
dog-salmon 
dog-salmon 
sac̉up 
sac̉up 
Chinook salmon 
Chinook salmon 
. 

The coho and the dog-salmon and the tyee salmon came to shore.

31.49
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
t̉ačk̉umc 
t̉ačk̉umc 
sardine 
sardines 
. 

There were many sardines.

Some people say they are young of herring, others deny it. They come in spring. Now they don't come anymore because driven away by someone's "poisoning".

31.50
ʔayiiỷap̉aƛ 
ʔayiiỷap 
make a lot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made them increase 
. 

He had caused them to become many.

31.51
n̉aacsiičiʔaƛ 
n̉aacsiičiƛ 
start to see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to see 
qʷeeʔiitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what was like 
saamin 
saamin 
salmon 
salmon 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
quuʔasqa 
quuʔas 
person 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
they were people 
ʔunaak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
having 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoes 
ʔunaak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
have 
nuuk 
nuuk 
song 
songs 
ʔayaak 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀak 
POSS 
having many 
. 

He could see (supernaturally) what the salmon were like, that they were people having canoes and having many songs.

pg. 26 begins above

31.52
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was told 
ʔuʔuyaqħquu 
ʔuʔuyaqħ 
sing 
-quu1 
3.CND 
singing 
nunuuk 
DUP- 
PL 
nuuk 
song 
songs 
. 

He was told to sing these songs.

31.53
ʔuʔuyaqħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuyaqħšiƛ 
start to sing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to sing them 
. 

He started to sing them.

31.54
huuɬšiʔaƛ 
huɬšiƛ 
dance 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to dance 
. 

He started to dance.

31.55
yaaʔaỷasʔaƛquuweʔin 
yaaʔaỷas 
go to look 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they went to look on 
t̉aatn̉eʔis 
t̉an̉eʔis 
little child.pl 
little children 
qʷam̉eeʔitq 
qʷam̉aˑ 
thus many 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as many as there were 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
. 

The little children and all the people would come and look on.

31.56
ʔuut̉iiʔiɬaƛ 
ʔuut̉iʔiɬa 
imitate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he imitated 
haʔum 
haʔum 
fish 
fish 
. 

He imitated the fish.

31.57
šiiƛšiʔaƛ 
šiiƛšiƛ 
move house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he moved house 
šiƛstiisʔaƛ 
šiƛstiis 
move upstream 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
moving upstream 
. 

Then he moved off, moving up the channel.

31.58
hinatšiʔaƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he came 
ƛušinqšiʔaƛ 
ƛušinqšiƛ 
make canoe platform 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he boarded over canoes 
. 

He came and boarded over (a pair of) canoes.

Canoes set apart parallel to each other about ten feet. Sometimes house boards were put right across, sometimes in two layers. More commonly poles were put across at bow and stern and tied with ʕaƛiyu. Then boards were put across these parallel to canoes. All sorts of goods were piled on these. Sometimes they even made fire on boards, putting fir bark underneath.

31.59
hiniiʔasʔaƛ 
hiniiʔas 
go out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went out of the house 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
ʔiinaxaƛ 
ʔiinaxi 
dress up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
dressed up 
ʔuquuɬʔaƛ 
ʔuquuɬ 
be on the face 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
be on the face 
ħiissit 
ħiissit 
red paint 
red paint 
. 

Sound-of-panting came out of the house dressed up in his regalia and with red paint on his face.

Probably at Equis or other village down Barkley Sound.

31.60
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did not 
timqšiƛ 
timqšiƛ 
wade in 
wade 
tuuħuk̉ʷaƛ 
tuuħuk 
afraid 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
fearing that 
ʔuunuuʔaƛ 
ʔunw̉iiƛ 
because 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because 
kamatsap̉aƛqa 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
now he had found out that 
qʷeeʔiitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what they were like 
haʔum 
haʔum 
fish 
fish 
. 

He did not wade into the water, being afraid because he had found out what the fish were like.

31.61
hinaasiʔaƛ 
hinaasiƛ 
get on a surface 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got on it 
šiiƛukukʔi 
šiiƛuk 
move house 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
=REL 
his moving one 
ƛiħšiʔaƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
setting off 
. 

He got on his moving (canoe) and started off.

31.62
hinuɬtap̉aƛ 
hinuɬtap 
put s.t. out of canoe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he put it out of his canoe 
hisyuuʔakʔi 
hisyuu 
shredded cedar bark 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his shredded cedar bark 
ỷaaquk 
ỷaˑq 
long 
-uk 
POSS 
long 
ħayuuɬuk 
ħayu 
ten 
-ỷaɬ 
... fathoms 
-uk 
POSS 
ten fathoms 
hisyuu 
hisyuu 
shredded cedar bark 
shredded cedar bark 
ʕiiɬʕiɬan̉uɬʔaƛuk 
CVɬdup- 
PL 
ʕiyaaɬ 
feather 
-aˑn̉uɬ 
along ... [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
it had feathers along it 
p̉uuqƛaan̉uɬʔaƛukƛaa 
p̉uuqƛiitim 
down feathers 
-aˑn̉uɬ 
along ... [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
=ƛaa 
=again 
having down feathers along it 
. 

He put his ten fathom long shredded cedar bark out of the canoe; it had feathers and birds' down all along it.

31.63
ƛiħšiʔaƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he set off 
. 

He started off.

31.64
hiɬswiiɬasʔaƛ 
hiɬswiiɬas 
be between two points on a platform 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
be between two points on it 
ʔapswiiɬasʔi 
ʔapswiiɬas 
platform 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the platform 
. 

He was seated on the platform between the two (canoes).

31.65
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took 
hisyuuʔakʔi 
hisyuu 
shredded cedar bark 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his shredded cedar bark 
t̉iickšiʔaƛ 
t̉iickšiƛ 
drum 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started drumming 
ƛiħšiʔaƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he set off 
šiiƛukʔi 
šiiƛuk 
move house 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who was moving house 
. 

The one who was moving took his shredded cedar bark and started drumming as he set off.

31.66
haaʕinčiʔaƛ 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he called out 
maaƛšiʔaƛ 
maaƛšiƛ 
tow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
towed them along 
maƛiisuƛ̉asʔaƛ 
maƛiicsawiƛ 
tow along 
-ˀas2 
about to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
towing them along 
saamin 
saamin 
salmon 
salmon 
. 

He called out and brought (the fish) along (as though) towing them.

i.e., they were attracted by his call and shredded cedar bark and thus followed his canoe.

pg. 27 begins above

31.67
ʔuucsuƛ̉asʔaƛ 
ʔuucsawiƛ 
bring 
-ˀas3 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was going to bring 
ʔucaỷaʕasʔaƛ 
ʔucaỷap 
take to swh 
-ˀas2 
about to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
take them to 
c̉aamaqakʔi 
c̉aamaqak 
canal 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the canal 
. 

He was going to bring them to the canal.

31.68
t̉iickšiʔaƛ 
t̉iickšiƛ 
drum 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started drumming 
caqaasħʔaƛuk 
caqaas 
stand on end on surface 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his stood on the end on the platform 
t̉ickỷak 
t̉ickỷakʷ 
drum 
drum 
n̉upỷaɬ 
n̉up 
one 
-ỷaɬ 
... fathoms 
one fathom 
ʔanaħ 
ʔanaħʷ 
size 
size 
. 

He began beating on his drum, which was one fathom in height and which stood on end on the (boarded-over) surface.

Probably a box drum, and probably made by the man himself, since a father of twins (who is called numaas 'singing from house to house' because always singing, according to Frank Williams; does not think < numaak) must make all things he uses, cannot use things lying around village. People are not fond of getting twins, as it is considered shameful. Woman's house must not be visited, except by old people, for one year, else they will get twins themselves later. This also happens if one touches one of twin children. It is customary to call younger of twin children m̉aam̉iiqsu and vice versa; if he grows up, younger one gets m̉aam̉icỷak tupaati. Father for one year must not eat even dried fish, must not fish, must not be in water. Woman for one year must not cut salmon, eat salmon (except towards end of period when one gives them salmon), go out berrying.

31.69
t̉ickaaʔaƛ 
t̉ickaa 
drum 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was drumming 
hiitac̉inuʔaƛ 
hitac̉inawiƛ 
enter (bay, container) 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
as he entered 
c̉aamaqakʔi 
c̉aamaqak 
canal 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the canal 
maƛiisʔaƛ 
maƛiis 
tow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
towing 
ħačatisʔaƛ 
ħačat 
all 
-aˑtis 
downstream 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
all 
qʷam̉aawuusi 
qʷam̉aˑ 
all 
-(w)uusi 
3.RelDub 
all 
saamin 
saamin 
salmon 
salmon 
. 

He was drumming as he entered the canal, towing along all the salmon there were.

31.70
maʔatħšiƛ 
maʔatħšiƛ 
come to live at 
he came to live at 
ʔuʔiiʔatħʔaƛ 
ʔuʔiiʔatħ 
go to live at 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
go to live at 
c̉uqʷawup̉at 
c̉uqʷawup̉at 
Its-Face-Gets-Washed 
Its-Face-Gets-Washed 
. 

He arrived at (the place called) Its-face-gets-washed.

At Copper Mountain (a mountain on this side at First Narrows).

31.71
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was there 
ʔuusimčšiʔaƛƛaa 
ʔuusimčšiƛ 
train for power 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
he started to train 
haʔum 
haʔum 
fish 
fish 
ʔaayiỷapšiƛʔaaqƛ 
ʔaayiỷapšiƛ 
try to increase 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
trying to increase 
haʔum 
haʔum 
fish 
fish 
. 

There he started to train for fish, trying to make the fish numerous.

31.72
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
. 

Sound-of-panting started off.

31.73
našuk̉ʷat 
našuk 
strong 
-ˀat 
INAL 
his was fixed on 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔayaaqƛ̉ap 
ʔayaaqƛ̉ap 
increase 
increase 
haʔum 
haʔum 
fish 
fish 
. 

His mind was fixed on increasing the fish.

31.74
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 
hiniisuʔaƛ 
hiniisawiƛ 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
t̉ickỷakukʔi 
t̉ickỷakʷ 
drum 
-uk 
DUR 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his drum 
hininqanuʔaƛ 
hininqinawiƛ 
go up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going up a mountain 
ʔapiis 
ʔapiics 
carry on shoulder 
carrying on his shoulder 
t̉ickỷakukʔi 
t̉ickỷakʷ 
drum 
-uk 
DUR 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his drum 
. 

He went off up a mountain with his drum on his shoulder.

Is this Mount Hankin?

31.75
hininqinƛ 
hininqinawiƛ 
go up 
he went up 
ʔuuciiỷuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔuuciiỷuk 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
go to 
ƛ̉imkapi 
ƛ̉imkapi 
Sticking-up-beak-like 
Sticking-up-beak-like 
. 

He went up to (the place called) Sticking-up-beak-like.

This is a point on Copper Mountain.

31.76
hinasiƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
he arrived 
ʔapp̉iʕeʔeʔi 
ʔapp̉iʕaʔa 
rocky summit 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
at the rocky summit 
wiinapuʔaƛ 
wiinapawiƛ 
stop 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he stopped 
huuxsʔatuʔaʔaƛ 
huuxsʔatuʔaʔa 
rest on the rocks 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
resting on the rocks 
. 

He arrived at the rocky summit and stopped to rest on the rocks.

31.77
ƛuuč̉inƛ 
ƛuuč̉anawiƛ 
become late afternoon 
it was late afternoon 
t̉iickšiʔaƛ 
t̉iickšiƛ 
drum 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started drumming 
haaʕinčiʔaƛ 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
calling out 
. 

It was late afternoon and he started to drum and to call out.

pg. 28 begins here

31.78
ʕupaak̉aƛ 
ʕupaak 
calm weather 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was calm 
c̉uumaʕas 
c̉uumaʕas 
head of canal 
head of the canal 
. 

The head of the canal was calm.

If you're at mouth of canal, c̉uumaʕas means 'head of canal'; if you're at head of canal, it meas up Somass R.

31.79
č̉uuc̉inuʔaƛ 
č̉uuc̉inuƛ 
school of fish goes into inlet 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started entering the bay 
sac̉up 
sac̉up 
Chinook salmon 
Chinook salmon 
hink̉uuʔas 
hink̉uuʔas 
dog-salmon 
dog-salmon 
cuw̉it 
cuw̉it 
coho salmon 
coho salmon 
huupin 
huupin 
salmon trout 
salmon trout 
ƛusmit 
ƛusmit 
herring 
herring 
. 

The tyee salmon, dog salmon, coho salmon, salmon trout and herring started entering the bay.

31.80
šaaxšiʔaƛ 
šaxšiƛ 
start up in a school 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started up in a school 
šaaxsaap̉aƛ 
šaaxsaap 
make fish start up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made them start up 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
. 

They started up in schools, Sound-of-Panting causing them to start up.

31.81
ƛaħtiip 
ƛaħtiip 
as soon as 
as soon as 
tupšiƛ 
tuupšiƛ 
get dark 
it got dark 
wikʕaƛšiʔaƛ 
wikʕaƛšiƛ 
be silent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he became silent 
weʔičuʔaƛ 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to sleep 
hiiỷaaʔasaƛ 
hiỷaaʔa 
rocky place 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
right there on the rocks 
weʔič 
weʔič 
sleep 
sleeping 
. 

As soon as it got dark, he became silent and went to sleep right there on the rocks.

31.82
ƛ̉isšiƛ 
ƛ̉isšiƛ 
dawn 
it dawned 
t̉iickšiʔaƛƛaa 
t̉iickšiƛ 
drum 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
he again started drumming 
. 

It dawned and he started drumming again.

31.83
ʔiqsiɬaƛukƛaa 
ʔiqsiɬa 
do so 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
=ƛaa 
=again 
again they did the same thing 
šaaxšiʔaƛƛaa 
šaxšiƛ 
start up in a school 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
they started up in a school 
sac̉up 
sac̉up 
Chinook salmon 
Chinook salmon 
. 

Again the tyee salmon did the same thing, starting up in schools.

31.84
qʷaaʔap̉aƛuk 
qʷaaʔap 
do thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his did so 
qʷamaʕiiqƛ̉apʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-maʕiiqƛ 
want to 
-ˀap 
CAUS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as he wanted them to do 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔayamaʕiiqƛ̉ap 
ʔayamaʕiiqƛ̉ap 
want to be many 
he wanted them to be many 
saamin 
saamin 
salmon 
salmon 
. 

His (fish) did as he wanted them to do, for he wanted the salmon to be many.

31.85
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
they went to 
c̉aʔakʔi 
c̉aʔakʷ 
river 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the river 
ʕaaħšiƛ 
ʕaaħšiƛ 
(salmon) go upstream 
they (salmon) went upstream 
. 

They went to the (mouth of the) river and started upstream.

31.86
sayeʔiip 
sayeeʔiip 
go far away 
when it had gone far off 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 
wikʕaƛšiʔaƛ 
wikʕaƛšiƛ 
be silent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he became silent 
qicyuuʔak 
qicyuu 
sign 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his sign was 
ʔanicatukʔitqʔaaɬa 
ʔanicatuk 
for how long 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
=ʔaaɬa 
=always 
for how long 
. 

When the day was far (advanced) he became quiet; he had a sign (by which he knew) how long to do so (keep on drumming and singing).

i.e., he could tell by some sign of the position of the sun how long to keep up calling and drumming.

31.87
wikʕaaƛ̉aƛ 
wikʕaƛ 
be silent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he remained silent 
ʔaaneʔitq 
ʔana 
thus much 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
thus much 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 
. 

He remained silent all day.

31.88
hinasiƛukƛaa 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
-uk 
DUR 
=ƛaa 
=again 
it arrived 
hiistiiyaʔaaɬʔitq 
hiistiiyaʔaaɬ 
time for ... 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
time for ... 
t̉iickšiʔaƛƛaa 
t̉iickšiƛ 
drum 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
he again started drumming 
. 

The time arrived for him to start, and he started drumming again.

31.89
yaaħšiʔaƛƛaa 
yaaħšiƛ 
open the mouth wide 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
again he opened his mouth 
haaʕinčiʔaƛ 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he called out 
. 

Again he opened (his mouth) and started calling.

31.90
miɬšiʔaƛquuweʔin 
miɬšiƛ 
be the same 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it would be at the same time 
ħaaʕinčiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ħaʕinčiƛ 
call out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
she would start calling out 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wife 
. 

At the same time (his) wife likewise would start calling out.

pg. 29 begins below

31.91
wiinapiɬħʔaƛ 
wiinapiɬ 
stay in the house 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she stayed there in the house 
ʔuħ 
ʔuħ 
is 
is 
hiiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
where she was 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their house 
. 

She was right there in their house.

31.92
ƛuɬčuuʔaƛ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-čuˑ 
having ...-ed 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she was nicely done 
ʔiinaxi 
ʔiinaxi 
dress up 
dressed up 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 
haaʕinapaƛ 
haaʕinapi 
call out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she kept calling out 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
. 

The woman was nicely dressed up and kept calling out (as he did).

31.93
wiinapuʔaƛƛaa 
wiinapawiƛ 
stop 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
again he stayed 
ʔatħii 
ʔatħii 
night 
night 
hiiỷaaʔasaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀaˑʔa 
on the rocks 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
right there on the rocks 
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did not 
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
go home 
. 

Again he remained right there on the rocks through the night, he did not go home.

31.94
t̉iickšiʔaƛƛaa 
t̉iickšiƛ 
drum 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
he again started drumming 
ƛ̉isaaʔaƛʔitq 
ƛ̉isaa 
dawn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
when it is dawn 
. 

Again he started drumming at dawn.

31.95
naʔaaʔaƛ 
naʔaˑ 
hear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she heard now 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 
waɬyaqiɬʔi 
waɬyaqiɬ 
stay home 
=ʔiˑ 
=REL 
the one staying at home 
. 

The woman, who was staying at home, heard it.

31.96
ʔuʔakƛaƛquuweʔin 
ʔuʔakƛi 
last 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
she would do after him 
haaʕinčiʔaƛ 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
calling out 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
. 

She would started calling out after him.

31.97
haaʕinčiʔaƛƛaa 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
they called out again 
ʔuħʔaƛuk 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
it was theirs 
mamums 
mamums 
work 
work 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔayiiỷap̉aaqƛ 
ʔayiiỷap 
make a lot 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
they bring a lot 
. 

They again started calling out, it being their task to bring a lot (of fish).

31.98
ʔuunuuʔaƛ 
ʔunw̉iiƛ 
because 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was because 
qʷaaʔaƛ 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
just as 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔayamiħsapqa 
ʔayamiħsap 
want to increase 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
they wanted to increase 
haʔum 
haʔum 
fish 
fish 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
c̉aamaqakʔi 
c̉aamaqak 
canal 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the canal 
. 

They were doing thus because they wanted to increase the fish going to the canal.

31.99
nunuukšiʔaƛ 
nuunukšiƛ 
start to sing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to sing 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔayaak̉ap̉aƛ̉atqa 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ˀap 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he had been given many 
nuuk 
nuuk 
song 
songs 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
haʔumʔi 
haʔum 
fish 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the fish 
. 

He started singing for he had been given many songs by the fish.

31.100
wik̉iisʔaƛ 
wik̉iis 
not eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did not eat 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
ʔaanasaƛuk 
ʔana 
only 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
he had only 
p̉išaqʔi 
p̉išaq 
bad 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
that which was bad 
. 

Sound-of-panting did not eat, having only that which was bad (food).

31.101
n̉aacsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he watched 
naʔaataħʔaƛ 
naʔaataħ 
listen 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
listening 
wawaaʔatʔitq 
wawaa 
say 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what he was told 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
saaminʔi 
saamin 
salmon 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
salmon 
. 

He watched and listened to what he was told by the salmon.

31.102
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
he was a person 
qʷaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
being like 
qʷaaqin 
qʷaa 
thus 
-qin 
1p REL 
we are thus 
. 

(Yet) he was (only) a person as we are.

31.103
haaʕinčiʔaƛƛaa 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
he started calling out again 
ƛuuč̉anuʔaƛʔitq 
ƛuuč̉anawiƛ 
become late afternoon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
being in the late afternoon 
wikʕaƛšiʔaƛƛaa 
wikʕaƛšiƛ 
be silent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
he again became silent 
. 

He started to call out again in the late afternoon and again became quiet (at sundown).

pg. 30 begins below

31.104
|| 
čiiʔiihiičiʔinaa 
hahɔɔ 
... 
wiħeeeʔop̉inaa 
hahɔɔ 
haaʔa 
haaʔa 
yes 
yes 
haaʕinapiimaanaaa 
... 
||. 

Let us pull them, haho! ... Let us bring them to land, haho! yes! We are calling out.

31.105
čiičiʔin 
čiičiƛ 
pull 
-ˀin3 
1p.IMP 
let us pull them! 
wiħiiʔup̉in 
wiħiiʔup 
bring to dry land 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
let us bring them to land! 
haaʕinapimin 
haaʕinapi 
call out 
-(m)in 
1p IND 
we are calling out 
. 

"let us pull them! let us bring them to land! we are calling out."

31.106
ʔuukʷaỷiiħ 
ʔuukʷaỷiiħ 
try to get 
he was trying to get 
ħayučiɬšiƛʔaaqƛqa 
ħayu 
ten 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
keep doing for ten days 
haaʕinapi 
haaʕinapi 
call out 
calling out 
cumaanupmaʕiiqƛ 
cumaanawupmaʕiiqƛ 
want to fill up 
he wanted to fill it up 
haʔum 
haʔum 
fish 
fish 
. 

He was trying to keep on calling for ten days, wanting to fill up (the inlet) with fish.

31.107
našuk̉ʷat 
našuk 
strong 
-ˀat 
INAL 
his was fixed 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
. 

Sound-of-Panting's mind was set.

31.108
ʔuʔiisʔaƛ 
ʔuʔiis 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he ate 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 
yaʕiismiħsap̉atʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ˀiˑs1 
eat 
-miħsa 
want 
-ˀap 
CAUS 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which he wanted to be eaten 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
saamin 
saamin 
salmon 
salmon 
. 

He ate what he wanted the salmon to eat.

31.109
kuw̉iɬaƛ 
kuw̉iɬa 
do as directed 
he was doing as directed 
ʔuʔiisʔaƛ 
ʔuʔiis 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was eating 
ʔuusaaħaƛ 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
be for this reason 
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did not 
haw̉iiqstuƛ 
haw̉iiqstawiƛ 
be hungry 
get hungry 
. 

He was doing as directed (supernaturally ?) in eating it, and for that reason he did not get hungry.

31.110
qʷaaqʷaaʔap̉aƛ 
DUP- 
PL 
qʷaaʔap 
do thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he kept doing things 
wawaaʔatʔitq 
wawaa 
say 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what he was told 
qʷaaʔak̉ap̉atʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ˀap 
CAUS 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which was according to his 
numaak 
numaakʷ 
tabooed 
taboos 
. 

He kept on doing as directed and according to his taboos.

31.111
haaʕinčiʔaƛƛaa 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
he called out again 
kuʔaɬ 
kuʔaɬ 
in the morning 
in the morning 
. 

Again he called out in the morning.

31.112
šaaxšiʔaƛ 
šaxšiƛ 
start up in a school 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started up in a school 
hink̉uuʔas 
hink̉uuʔas 
dog-salmon 
dog-salmon 
hinatšiƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
they came 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
hiineʔisʔi 
hiineʔis 
head (of water) 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the head (of water) 
. 

The dog-salmon started up and came here to the head of the bay.

31.113
haaʕinčiƛ 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
he called out for it 
ƛuuč̉inƛ 
ƛuuč̉anawiƛ 
become late afternoon 
it was late afternoon 
. 

He called out in the late afternoon.

31.114
taakwaħsuɬħcapi 
taakwaħsuɬħcapi 
go to outlet 
he went to the outlet 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
hiɬwaħsuɬʔi 
hiɬwaħsuɬ 
mouth 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the mouth 
. 

He turned toward (where the Somass river) empties, going to the mouth.

31.115
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
saač̉inkʷiiỷap̉aƛ 
saač̉inkʷ 
always 
-iiỷap 
INC.CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he caused them to be always 
šaaxšaaxʷa 
šaaxšaaxʷa 
breaching 
breaching 
. 

They (salmon) became many and he caused them to be constantly breaching.

31.116
muučiiɬšiƛ 
muu 
four 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
they did for four days 
saač̉ink 
saač̉inkʷ 
always 
always 
šaaxšaaxʷa 
šaaxšaaxʷa 
breaching 
breaching 
. 

They kept breaching for four days.

pg. 31 begins below

31.117
našukšiʔaƛ 
našukšiƛ 
be strong 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he became strong 
hiyiħʔin 
hihiħʔin 
Sound-of-panting 
Sound-of-panting 
ƛuyačiʔat 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be happy 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was happy 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
in his mind 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
qʷisʔaƛuk 
qʷis 
do thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his was just like 
qʷaasimčʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-simč 
train ritually for [L] 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
how he had trained ritually 
. 

Sound-of-panting became strong and happy in his mind because of what his training had accomplished.

i.e. his ritual training worked well.

31.118
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
mačinuʔaƛ 
mačinawiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he entered the house 
hiỷatħʔitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀatħ1 
live at 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where he was living 
. 

He went home and entered his dwelling place.

31.119
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he had finished 
mamuuk 
mamuˑk 
work 
working 
wiwiiktaqšiʔaƛ 
wiwiiktaqšiƛ 
rest 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he rested 
. 

He had finished his work, and he rested.