098. Dorsalfin-Hunter gets whaling power from the sharks

Dictated December 29-30, 1913, by Captain Bill to Edward Sapir, XVIII, pp. 8-15; 107/f2(1)

The story of how Dorsalfin-Hunter obtained whaling power from the sharks, and about his son, Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea. A maakƛʕiʔatħ legend.

98.1
wiiỷaawitweʔin 
wiiỷa 
never 
-aˑwa 
go for 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he was never -ed to 
c̉axsaap̉at 
c̉axsaap 
cause to spear 
-ˀat 
PASS 
cause to spear 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
n̉uw̉iiqsak 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his father 
ʔukɬeeʔi 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the one called 
tapušħuʔa 
tapušħuʔa 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
ʔukɬaaʔak 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
-ˀak 
POSS 
it was named 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 

Dorsalfin-Hunter was not allowed to spear Humpbacks or California whales by his father who was named Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks, whose child was called Dorsalfin-Hunter.

His father would take him out whaling but never communicated the whaling ritual to him.

98.2
ʔuyaaƛ̉atquuweʔin 
ʔuyi 
when 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would do so when 
c̉axsap̉at 
c̉axsaap 
cause to spear 
-ˀat 
PASS 
cause to spear 
qaħšiʔaƛukquu 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
-quu1 
3.CND 
when his had died 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 

He used to be caused to spear when his father's California whale was dead.

98.3
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
wiiʕaqstuʔaƛ 
wiiʕaqstawiƛ 
get angry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got angry 
tapušħuʔa 
tapušħuʔa 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 

And then he got mad at Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks.

Frank Williams said his main reason for being mad was that his father paid the brideprice for him and got him a wife but would not let him sleep with her. He had his son sleep near the door and he slept near the girl to keep watch that his son would not approach her. He wanted the son to first become a good hunter, “become a man", yet he never gave him whaling lore.

98.4
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
hinaačiʔaƛƛaa 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he set off to sea again 
tapušħuʔa 
tapušħuʔa 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
hunt 
hunting for 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 

And then Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks went out to sea again to look for California whales.

98.5
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
weʔičiɬħʔaƛ 
weʔičiɬ 
be asleep in the house 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he would sleep while 
n̉aasšiƛ 
n̉aasšiƛ 
dawn 
being daylight 

He would sleep in the house during the day.

98.6
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
ʔaaqinħin 
ʔaqin 
why? 
-ħin3 
1p.INTERR 
why do we do so? 
wik 
wik 
not 
not 
hinaačiƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
set off on the water 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ƛičeeʔi 
ƛičaˑ 
steersman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the steersman 

Then the steersman said, "Why don't we go out to sea for hunting?".

98.7
ƛupkšiʔaƛ 
ƛupkšiƛ 
wake up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he woke up 
čaakʷaasiqmiik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
t̉iqpiʔaƛ 
t̉iqpiƛ 
sit on floor 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he sat down 

Dorsalfin-Hunter woke and sat up.

98.8
hinaačiʔaƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he set off on the water 
takuk̉ʷaƛ 
takuk 
at once 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
doing so at once 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
starting to fix 
hiinaan̉uħsim 
hiinaan̉uħsim 
whaling harpoon 
whaling harpoon 
c̉iisaan̉up̉aƛ 
c̉iisaan̉awup 
string a harpoon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
stringing his 
xʷišimɬukʔi 
xʷišimɬ 
harpoon 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his harpoon 

He went out to sea right away, fixing up whaling spear, and strung the line on his harpoon.

98.9
ƛiiħšiʔaƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
-[L] 
GRAD 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he set off 
hiɬyinʔi 
hiɬyin 
bow of a boat 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the man in the bow 
čaakʷaasiqmiik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
hayimħaƛ 
hayimħi 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
not knowing how 
qʷicħayii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-cħa 
go in connection with [L] 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what they were going after 
ƛičeeʔi 
ƛičaˑ 
steersman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the steersman 

The one in the bow set off, the steerman not knowing what Dorsalfin-Hunter was going after.

98.10
ƛiiħak̉aƛ 
ƛiiħakʷ 
paddle 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he paddled on 
hiɬyinʔi 
hiɬyin 
bow of a boat 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the man in the bow 

The one at the bow paddled.

98.11
č̉an̉i 
č̉an̉iˑ 
not see 
they did not see 
qʷicħasčimwuusi 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-cħa 
go in connection with [L] 
-sčim 
along with others 
-(w)uusi 
3.Rel.Dub 
that which they were going after 

They didn't see what they were after.

*ʔucħasčim : several are after | ʔuʔuʔiiħscim : several are after , hunt.

98.12
ʔuʔumiičiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔumiičiƛ 
begin going towards 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went towards 
čaʔakʔi 
čaʔakʷ 
island 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the island 

They went straight to an island.

98.13
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
he speared 
ʔuħtaa 
ʔuħtaa 
towards 
towards 
čaʔakʔi 
čaʔakʷ 
island 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the island 

He speared towards the island.

98.14
ʔuuħtaasaƛ 
ʔuuħtaasa 
straight away 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
at once 
čuuʔataƛ 
čuuʔatu 
pe down 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he ped down 
tup̉aɬʔi 
tup̉aɬ 
sea 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the sea 
hawiiʔaƛʔitq 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
when he had finished 
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
spearing 

Right away he ped down into the sea when he had finished spearing.

pg. 9 begins here

98.15
č̉an̉ii 
č̉an̉iˑ 
not see 
they did not see 
kʷaakʷaqiʔi 
kʷaakʷaqi 
crew 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the crew 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
hiɬst̉uuqsuk 
hiɬst̉uuqs2 
hide in a canoe 
-uk 
POSS 
his was hidden in the canoe 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stones 
čaakʷaasiqmiik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
yaqʷiicsʔaƛʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-iics 
take ... along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which he took along 
čuuʔatu 
čuuʔatu 
pe down 
he ped down 

The crew did not notice that Dorsalfin-Hunter had some rocks hidden in the canoe and that he took them with him as he dove down.

98.16
ciciqak̉aaħʔaƛ̉im 
ciciqi 
secret lore 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ˀaaħ 
IRR 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀim2 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
now you shall keep your words 
n̉uw̉iiqsakitqas 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtqas 
1s.REL 
my father 
ʔanis 
ʔanis 
1s.SUB 
that I 
qaħakʷatap̉aanitʔaaɬa 
qaħakʷ 
dead 
-aˑta 
direct action at 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔaaɬa 
always 
as I have always been made to do to dead ones 
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
spearing 
waaɬtaqšiƛ 
waaɬtaqšiƛ 
say before doing ... 
having said 
čuuʔatu 
čuuʔatu 
pe down 
he ped down 

"Now you shall keep your secret words, my father! as I always have been caused to spear at a dead whale," he said before ping down.

98.17
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
hinasiʔaƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he arrived  
hinasu 
hinasu 
submerge 
submerge 
ʔuyuʔaɬʔaƛ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
wiħči 
wiħakʷ 
dry 
-či2 
at 
where it was dry 

And then he arrived underwater seeing that there it was dry (land).

98.18
qʷaaʔaƛ 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was just as 
qʷeeʔiitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what is like 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
this 
thus 
n̉aasʔii 
n̉aas 
world 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the world 

It was just like this world.

98.19
ʔuyuʔaɬʔaƛ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
maʔas 
maʔas 
village 
village 
ʔuucʔaƛ 
ʔuuc 
belong to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
owned by them 
maʔas 
maʔas 
tribe 
tribe 
maamaasiỷak 
maamaasiỷakʷ 
mud shark 
mud sharks 

He saw a village belonging to the mud shark tribe.

98.20
hinusčisʔaƛ 
hinusčis 
up the beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went up the beach 
ʔuucħaaƛ 
ʔuucħa 
go in connection with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
doing so connected to 
maʔasʔi 
maʔas 
village 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
village 

He went up the beach to see the village.

98.21
ʔuucħaaƛ 
ʔuucħa 
go in connection with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did so connected to 
qicyuuʔakʔi 
qicyuu 
painting 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the painting 
hiiɬciiʕasukʔi 
hiiɬciiʕas 
outside wall 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the outside walls of 
maʔasʔi 
maʔas 
house 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
house 

He went to see the painting on the outside walls of the house.

98.22
mačinuʔaƛ 
mačinawiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he entered the house 

He entered the house.

98.23
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
ħaw̉iɬukč 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
-uk 
IMPF 
-či2 
at 
the chief of 
maamaasiỷak 
maamaasiỷakʷ 
mud shark 
mud sharks 

He went to the chief, the chief of the mud sharks.

98.24
ʔukčipitap̉aƛ̉at 
ʔukčipitap 
put next to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was put next to them 
ʔaƛeʔi 
ʔaƛa 
two 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the two 
ħaatħaakʷaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman.pl 
young women 

He was put beside two young women in the house.

98.25
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
n̉upčiiyiɬʔap̉aƛ̉at 
n̉up 
one 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-‘iɬ3 
in the house 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he stayed in the house for one day 
hinaačiʔaƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they set off on the water 
maʔasʔi 
maʔas 
tribe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tribe 
ʔuʔuutaħʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuutaħ 
hunt whale 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went hunting whales 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 

And then he was caused to be in the house for one day while the tribe set off going hunting for whale.

98.26
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
hitasaʔaƛ 
hitasaʔaƛ 
come to shore 
they came to shore 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the house of 
ʔuʔuqsʔaƛ 
DUP- 
PL 
ʔuqs 
in canoe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
having in their canoes 
ƛ̉aaq 
ƛ̉aaq 
blubber 
blubber 

And then they came to shore at the house, having blubber in their canoes.

98.27
qii 
qii 
long time 
long time 
ʔukʷi 
ʔukʷi 
at, on 
at, on 
muučiiɬ 
muu 
four 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
for four days 
ʔukʷi 
ʔukʷi 
at, on 
at, on 
maħt̉iiʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the house 
ʔuucʔi 
ʔuuc 
belong to 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one to whom belonged 
maamaasiỷak 
maamaasiỷakʷ 
mud shark 
mud sharks 
qʷaasasa 
qʷaa 
thus 
-sasa 
just [L] 
they are just thus 
qʷaaqin 
qʷaa 
thus 
-qin 
1p.REL 
we were thus 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

For a long time, he stayed four days in the house belonging to the mud sharks who are just like us people.

Fish, as we know them, are really canoes of man-like fish.

pg. 10 begins above

98.28
n̉aacsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw now 
qʷaaʔakʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which it was like 
hiisuk 
hiyiis 
there on beach 
-uk 
POSS 
its beach 
hitinqisukʔi 
hitinqis 
beach 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
its beach 

He took note of how the beach was.

98.29
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then he did so 
n̉ašiʔaƛ̉ičak 
n̉aššiƛ 
go to see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀiˑčak 
come! [2p] 
go and see now 
qʷaaʔaƛukuusi 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
-(w)uusi 
3.Rel.Dub 
how his are 
ʔeʔiič̉im 
ʔiič̉im 
elder.pl 
parents 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
n̉ašiʔatquu 
n̉aššiƛ 
go to see 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that they be seen 
tapušħuʔa 
tapušħuʔa 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 

Then the Chief told those who should be going to see after Taposhho7a’s parents: (To the Sharks:) "Come now and see, how his parents might be'.

change ʔuukʷiɬ to n̉ašiʔatquu (Frank )

98.30
n̉ašiʔaƛ 
n̉aššiƛ 
go to see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to see 
ʔaaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 

Two young men went to see.

98.31
huʔacačiʔaƛ 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they returned 
hisačiƛʔitq 
hisaačiƛ 
set out from 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
from where he had set out 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 

Then they came back from where the chief (young man) had departed.

ħaw̉iɬʔi for 'the young man' ?

98.32
wik̉asʔaƛukma 
wik 
not 
-ˀas3 
in the village 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
he has none now 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 

"Dorsalfin-Hunter now has no house."

98.33
kamat̉ap̉at 
kamat̉ap 
know 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they got to know 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔukɬaaqa 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he was called 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
those who were there 

Those who were there got to know his name, Dorsalfin-Hunter.

98.34
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
ƛ̉iiʔiɬʔaƛ 
ƛ̉iiʔiɬ 
feast 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he gave a feast 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
w̉aqʔuuʔaƛ 
w̉aqʔuˑ 
go to feast 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
inviting them to a feast 
maʔasʔi 
maʔas 
tribe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tribe 
č̉uučk̉aƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
all of them now 
qʷam̉eeʔitq 
qʷam̉aˑ 
thus many 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as many as there were 

And then the chief gave a feast inviting all the tribe to a feast, as many as there were.

98.35
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
m̉aw̉aaʔaaqƛ̉aƛin 
m̉aw̉aa 
take home 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we will bring him home now 
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he said now about him 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 

"All right, we will bring him now,” he said, talking about Dorsalfin-Hunter.

98.36
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told him now 
wik̉asʔaƛukweʔin 
wik 
not 
-ˀas5 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
his was not there 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 

(The chief) told him his house was no longer there.

98.37
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he gave him 
t̉apw̉animʔakʔi 
t̉apw̉anim 
belt 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his belt 
hisyuu 
hisyuu 
shredded cedar bark 
shredded cedar bark 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 

And then he gave Dorsalfin-Hunter his cedar bark belt.

98.38
sačksaaptaqšiʔič 
sačksaap 
comb s.o.'s hair 
-taqšiƛ1 
before ...ing 
-ˀiˑč2 
2p>3.IMP 
comb his hair before he does so 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
t̉aatn̉aak 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his children 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 

"Comb his hair before he leaves," the chief said to his children.

pg. 11 begins here

98.39
sačksaap̉aƛ̉at 
sačksaap 
comb s.o.'s hair 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
his was combed 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
ħaatħaakʷaƛʔi 
CVt- 
PL 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young women 
ʔaƛp̉itšiʔat 
ʔaƛp̉it 
twice 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀat 
PASS 
doing twice 
ỷaaqačiʔaƛ̉at 
ỷaaqačiƛ 
make long 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it became long 
hapsỷup 
hapsỷup 
hair 
hair 

Dorsalfin-Hunter's hair was combed twice by the young women and his hair became long.

98.40
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
ʔuyiiʔaƛ̉at 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was given 
hiinaan̉uħsim 
hiinaan̉uħsim 
whaling harpoon 
whaling harpoon 

And then he was given a whaling harpoon.

98.41
ʔuyiiʔaƛ̉at 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was given 
xʷišimɬ 
xʷišimɬ 
harpoon 
harpoon 
k̉ʷaaɬuk 
k̉ʷaaɬ 
rubbing medicine 
rubbing medicine 

He was given a harpoon and rubbing medicines.

First the Chief asked him if he was after sea otter ritual lore; then, was he after ti:chsy’ap or life source; then, the ch’it’o:l whalebone club; the bow-and-arrow that gave power to shoot ducks, sea otter and deer; the comb which would make his hair grow long if a girl combed him once on each side; and, lastly, daughters of the sharks for wives. To all these Dorsalfin-Hunter shook his head. He kept looking at the whaling spear and harpoon on the wall. When the Chief asked him if he wanted this, he bowed his head four times. (Frank Williams)

98.42
ʔuyiiʔaƛ̉at 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was given 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
ƛaʔuukɬaqħʔap̉aƛ̉at 
ƛaʔuukɬaqħʔap 
give s.o. another name 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was given another name 
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
go home 
ʔukɬaaʔaƛ̉im 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀim2 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
you are called now 
hiitaɬuksuʔis 
hiitaɬuksuʔis 
Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea 
Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea 
ʔuħʔiš 
ʔuħʔiš 
and 
and 
ħaħaayuʔiiħ 
ħaħayuʔiiħ 
Hunts-Ten 
Hunts-Ten 
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he said now 
ʔuukʷiɬʔat 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
refer to 
-ˀat 
PASS 
do to 
čaakʷaasiqmiik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 

He was given another name when going home: "you are called Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea and Hunts-Ten," he said to Dorsalfin-Hunter.

98.43
ʔaniyiʔim 
ʔana 
only 
-(y)iˑ 
... time 
-ˀim2 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
only when will you 
ʔukɬinƛ 
ʔukɬinawiƛ 
be named 
he was named 
ʔuyi 
ʔuyi 
when 
when 
ħaħaayuʔiiħšiƛquuk 
DUP- 
SUF 
ħayu 
ten 
-ˀiiħ2 
hunt [R] 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-quuk 
2s.CND 
when you have hunted ten 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 

“Only use the latter when you have hunted ten whales."

Maʔak whales were always gotten close to shore and in among islands in early spring (April and first half of May), when they travel north from southern waters. They come around Cape Flattery, cross over to Nitinat (Clo-oose), hug the shore up to Pachena Bay, round Cape Beale, come to Ki:xʔin, then across the Dodger Cove (only humpback whales come up canal after herrings in winter; out at sea in summer; start to go up canal in October and stay till end of March, when they are down at Broken Group where herrings spawn; up canal in November; December at Hikwiihl, Uchucklesaht and Huuʕii; January and February near Chapiihlcome up Effingham Inlet, that at night when herring-rocking chuchchucha, they had to keep tapping with paddles to frighten off whales if seen close) then go to Ch’ito:lwachi7at (south side) east of Storm (Wouwer) Island, go along Storm Island to Ts’i:sha-Line but not to Toquaht country, Ucluelet coast (not up the Arm) where the Ucluelets had a spearing place. From there north. (Frank Williams)

98.44
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then it was 
hinaačiʔaƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they set off on the water 
ʔukʷiqsip̉aƛ̉at 
ʔukʷiqsip 
put in container 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
putting him in container 
maaqyu 
maaqyu 
large box 
large box 
mamaqitqsap̉uuħ 
mamaqitqsap̉uuħ 
box-back shark 
box-back shark 

Then they set off on the water, putting him in the large box (on the back) of the box-back shark.

Sometimes one sees such a shark in the centre of a big school. If you jump in, he carries you to the village underwater and you get power.

98.45
hinusaƛ 
hinusa2 
surface 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they came to the surface 
hitakʷist̉aħsʔaƛ̉i 
hitakʷist̉aħs 
come out of container 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀiˑ2 
2s>3.IMPER 
now come out 
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was told now 

They surfaced, "Now you come out of the box,' he was told.

98.46
hitakʷist̉aħs 
hitakʷist̉aħs 
come out of container 
he got out of it 
kʷiciqsiʔaƛ 
kʷiciqsiƛ 
take lid off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
take lid off 
hiỷaħsʔitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀaħs 
in vessel 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where he was in the box 

He got out of it, shoving the lid off where he was in the box.

98.47
qʷačinuʔaƛ 
qʷaa 
thus 
-činawiƛ 
put into container 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to be in there 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
qʷeeʔiitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what is like 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
world 
world 
histaqšiƛʔitq 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
to where he had come from 

He got to be in this place which was like the world where he had come from.

pg. 12 begins below

98.48
hinuɬtaƛ 
hinuuɬta 
get out of canoe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got out of the box 
hiỷaħsʔitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀaħs 
in vessel 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where he was in the canoe 
ʔukʷiisħčik̉aƛ 
ʔukʷiis 
on a surface 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-q(s/ħ)čik(ʷ)1 
go along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
getting onto a surface 
maamaasiỷak 
maamaasiỷakʷ 
mud shark 
mud sharks 
wiħiiʔuʔaƛ 
wiħiiʔawiƛ 
go to dry land 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to dry land 
yac̉uuʔaƛ 
yac̉awiƛ 
stand on rocks 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he stood on the rocks 
ƛ̉iƛ̉iiħan̉uɬ 
ƛ̉iƛ̉iiħan̉uɬ1 
Red-lengths Island 
Red-lengths Island 

He got out from the box where he had been going along with the mud sharks, arriving at the shore and stepping on the rocks at Red-lengths Island.

98.49
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
walk 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started walking 

He started walking.

98.50
huptsaap̉aƛ 
huptsaap 
hide s.t. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he hid it 
hiinaan̉uħsimʔakʔi 
hiinaan̉uħsim 
whaling harpoon 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his whaling spear 
xʷišimɬukʔi 
xʷišimɬ 
harpoon 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his harpoon 
ʕuỷiičiʔaƛuk 
ʕuỷiičiƛ 
make medicine 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
making medicine 
wikʔaaqƛ 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
they will not 
n̉aacsiiỷap 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-iỷap 
PRF.CAUS 
be seen by 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
refer to 
refer to 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

He hid his whaling spear and his harpoon and made medicine so that they would not be seen by people.

As soon as he landed on rocks, he put the spear on them, but it broke the rocks; he tied it to yew, cedar and ground, and they all broke. He travelled through the woods. Finally he found a ts’iw’i:pt (elderberry) bush which did not break. Hence he also made medicine out of it roots for strength. You make medicine by mixing pounded roots with water; let it stay for two days, then drink, and you vomit about three hours later, all your weakness going out. Then, after putting away the spear, he travelled to his father’s place and met a Ya'i:. He dropped dead. Then he dreamt that the Ya'i: told him he would find a swimming cave (hat’inqol) for whaling ʔuusimch ritual. The Ya'i: also gave him a ch’ichihenk song which was for whaling; it is now sung in potlatches when this legend is shown. (Frank Williams)

98.51
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to 
maʔasukʔi 
maʔas 
house 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his house 
n̉ašiʔaƛ 
n̉aššiƛ 
go to see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to see 
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there 
wik̉iit̉aƛuk 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
there was no 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
house 
wik̉asʔaƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀas3 
in the village 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was not there 
ʔuyuʔaɬʔaƛ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
a house 
ʔanaħʔic̉aƛuk 
ʔanaħʷ 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
its was small 

He went to his house to see it there but there was no house, he did not see it but he noticed there was a little house at another place.

98.52
ʔaanaħaƛ 
ʔana 
only 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was alone 
hiščiqƛ̉as 
hiš 
both 
=čiˑ 
go and ... 
-ˀaqƛ1 
inside 
-ˀas3 
in the village 
they were living together 
tapušħuʔa 
tapušħuʔa 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his father 
čaakʷaasiqmiik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
ɬuucsmaakʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wife 
ʔuħʔiš 
ʔuħʔiš 
and 
and 
ħaakʷaaƛʔis 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
girl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little girl 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 

He was alone, and they were living together in the house, his father, Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks, Dorsalfin-Hunter's wife and one little girl.

As soon as the house was burnt, Dorsalfin-Hunter’s wife had gone to her father’s place. He didn’t go to his father’s house but stayed out at night. He saw someone come out and told him to tell his father-in-law he was alive and to make an opening in a corner for him to come in. He also found out where his wife was sleeping, went in and slept with her. He held his hand over his face, showing only half of it. A woman sleeping nearby noticed that someone was sleeping with the girl, so shortly after she had lost her husband. At first she could not recognize him, but then found out who it was. She went and told the young man's father who came to the father-in-law's house. As soon as the young man saw his father coming in, he jumped outside and stayed away in the woods. The next night the same thing happened. Then the father-in-law gave a feast for him and told the people that he had come back alive. (Frank Williams)

98.53
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he spoke 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
tapušħuʔa 
tapušħuʔa 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
refer to 
refer to 
quuʔasukʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his people 

The father, Spouting-out-Front-on-Rocks, spoke, saying to his people:

98.54
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
board 
ʔuyiiʔaaqƛeʔicuu 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)eˑʔicuu 
2p.IND 
you will give to him 
ɬaakšiƛ 
ɬaakšiƛ 
please do 
please do 
t̉an̉aakqas 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-qaˑs 
1s.SUB 
my son 

"Each of you should give a board to my son, please."

98.55
ʕapaak̉aƛ 
ʕapaakʷ 
be willing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were willing 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
making 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
building 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 

Many people were willing to build the house.

98.56
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave it 
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
boards 
č̉uučkħʔaƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
being all 
qʷam̉eeʔitq 
qʷam̉aˑ 
thus many 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as many as there were 
quuʔasukʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his people 

All of his people gave boards.

98.57
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔatuk 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
IMPF 
they started making 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 
ʔiqsiɬak̉ap̉at 
ʔiqsiɬa 
do so 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀat 
PASS 
doing so as his 
qʷaaʔakitʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one which was his 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 

They started making the house, doing so just like the one which was his (old) house.

98.58
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made 
ƛama 
ƛama 
housepost 
housepost 

They made the housepost.

98.59
ʔuħtinʔaƛuk 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his was made of 
ƛatmapt 
ƛatmapt 
Western yew 
Western yew 
ƛukʷiitʔi 
ƛukʷiit 
large in girth 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the stout one 

His was made of a stout Western yew.

(very hard to get yew-tree which is big enough)

98.60
n̉upỷaɬ 
n̉up 
one 
-ỷaɬ 
... fathoms 
it was one fathom 
ʔaniic̉uɬ 
ʔaniic̉uɬ 
width 
width 

It was one fathom wide.

98.61
kuħswiinup̉aƛ 
kuħswiinawup 
put a hole through 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he put a hole through it 
ƛameʔi 
ƛama 
housepost 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
housepost 
t̉aaqswinɬỷak 
t̉aaqswinɬ 
go back and forth through 
-ỷakʷ 
for the purpose of... 
for always going through 
hineeʔiƛỷak 
hineeʔiƛ 
enter house 
-ỷakʷ 
for the purpose of... 
in order to enter the house 

He made a hole through the housepost for always going through to enter the house.

pg. 13 begins here

98.62
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
tukʷaqimɬ 
tukʷaqimɬ 
float 
floats 
ʔuʔuutaħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuuʔutaħšiƛ 
go whaling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
to go whaling for 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 

Dorsalfin-Hunter made floats to start whaling

98.63
hinaačiʔaƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he set off on the water 
ʔuʔuʔiiħʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
hunt 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
hunting for 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 

He went out to sea hunting California whales.

98.64
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
spear 
hiɬħ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
while he was there 
ʔapquuʔeʔi 
ʔapquuʔa 
point of land 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the point of land 
c̉ixʷatuʔa 
c̉ixʷatuʔa 
Eagle Rock 
Eagle Rock 

He speared it at the point of Eagle Rock.

98.65
qaħšiƛuk 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-uk 
POSS 
his died 
k̉ačšiƛʔis 
k̉ačšiƛ 
take a short time 
-ʔis 
DIM 
in a short time 
maƛsisan̉ap 
maƛsisan̉ap 
tow to the shore 
towing to the shore 
ʔucaʔap 
ʔucaʔap 
put s.t. in 
putting it 
hiỷatħukʔitq 
hiỷatħ 
live at 
-uk 
IMPF 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where he lived 
qʷeeʔiqsu 
qʷiiʔiqsu 
parent-in-law 
parent-in-law 
ħačatayi 
ħačatayi 
give all 
he gave all of it 

It died in a short time and he towed it to shore, going to where his father-in-law lived, giving him all of it.

98.66
ƛaaʔuuk 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
he did another one 
hinaačiƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
set off on the water 
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whale 
ʔiqsiɬaƛƛaa 
ʔiqsiɬa 
do so 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
doing the same way again 
maƛaħusan̉ap̉aƛƛaa 
maƛaħusan̉ap 
tie at the front of the beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
tying at the front of the beach 
qʷeeʔiqsak 
qʷiiʔiqsu 
parent-in-law 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his father-in-law 

He made another trip out to sea, getting a California whale and, in the same way again, he tied it in front of the house on the beach of his father-in-law.

98.67
wikkʷaaɬuk̉ʷap̉aƛƛaa 
wik 
not 
-kʷaˑɬ 
spend 
-uk 
IMPF 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he did not keep any 

Again he did not keep any (of the whale meat).

98.68
ƛaaʔuuk 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
he did another one 
hinačiƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
set off on the water 
ƛaaʔuuk 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
another one 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 
ʔaƛp̉itšiƛ 
ʔaƛp̉it 
twice 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
doing twice 
ʔuuỷip 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
catching 
ʔaƛiip 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
getting two 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 

He did another time, setting off on the water another day, catching twice, getting two in one day.

98.69
ƛaʔuuk 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
another time 
hinačiƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
he set off on the water 
qačc̉iip̉aƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
getting three 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 

He went out to sea again and he got three in one day.

98.70
ƛaʔuuk 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
another time 
hinačiƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
he set off on the water 
muuỷip 
muu 
four 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
getting four 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 

He went out to sea again, getting four in one day.

98.71
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
hunt for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to hunt for 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 
ƛ̉up̉iičħšiʔaƛʔitq 
ƛ̉up̉iičħšiƛ 
be summer 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
when it was summer 

He looked for whales when it was summer.

98.72
suč̉iip̉aƛ 
suč̉a 
five 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got five now 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whales 
suč̉iip̉aƛ 
suč̉a 
five 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got five now 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
ħayuučiʔaƛ 
ħayu 
ten 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
getting ten 
hišinkħ 
hišinkʷ 
get together 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
all together 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 

He got five humpbacked whales and he got five California whales, making ten whales all together.

original was ħaħaayu{ʔiħ}

98.73
ʔukɬaanuʔaƛ 
ʔukɬaanawiƛ 
be called 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
now he was called 
ħaħaayuʔiiħ 
ħaħayuʔiiħ 
Hunts-Ten 
Hunts-Ten 

Now he was called Hunt-Ten.

98.74
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to have 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
young man 

And then Dorsal-fin-Hunter got a child, a little boy.

98.75
ʔuʔuutaħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuuʔutaħšiƛ 
become a whaler 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he became a whaler now 
ỷuuqʷaaʔaƛ 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
also now 
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
ʔuʔuutaħ 
ʔuʔuutaħ 
hunt whale 
hunting whale 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 

He too became a whaler and then Dorsalfin-Hunter stopped hunting whale.

pg. 14 begins here

98.76
ħaaʔuqħšiʔaƛuk 
ħaʔuqħšiƛ 
switch place with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his now took his place 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 

His child now took his place.

98.77
ʔukɬaanuʔaƛ 
ʔukɬaanawiƛ 
be called 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was called 
hiitaɬuksuʔis 
hiitaɬuksuʔis 
Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea 
Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 

The child was called Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea.

98.78
ʔuusimčšiʔaƛ 
ʔuusimčšiƛ 
train for power 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to train for power 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
hiitaɬuksuʔis 
hiitaɬuksuʔis 
Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea 
Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea 
ʔuyuʔaɬʔaƛ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
a person 
ʔuʔiiʔaʔa 
ʔuʔiiʔaʔa 
go onto rocks 
coming down onto the rocks 
wik 
wik 
not 
not 
sayaa 
sayaˑ 
far off 
far from 
ʔaneeʔis 
ʔanaa[...]ʔis 
little in extent 
-ʔis 
DIM 
it was nearby 

Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea was training to get California whale when he saw a person coming down to the rocks not far away.

98.79
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
je died 
qʷaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
thus 
qʷeʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as if 
qaħšiƛquu 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-quu1 
3.CND 
if he died 
tiičħ 
tiˑča 
alive 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
while still being alive 
ʔuyuʔaɬkʷačiƛ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-kʷačiƛ1 
do completely 
because he saw him 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

He (Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea) died, it was as if he died, because he saw the person.

98.80
ciqšiʔaƛ 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he spoke now 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the person 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
saying to him 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
histaqšiƛ 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
he came from  
hinaayiɬ 
hinaayiɬ 
sky 
sky 

The person spoke, saying that he was from the sky.

98.81
siỷaaqaħ 
siỷaaq 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
it is me 
yaacʕaʔaaɬ 
yaacʕaʔaaɬ 
Walk-down-at-intervals 
Walk-down-at-intervals 
siỷaaqaħ 
siỷaaq 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
it is me 
n̉aasiyaʕatu 
n̉aasiyaʕatu 
Day-Down 
Day-Down 

It is me, Walk-down-at-intervals; it is me, Day-Down.

Not the same Day-Down as the Tsishaath legend.

98.82
neʔiičiƛaħ 
neʔiičiƛ 
hear 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I heard 
ʔanik 
ʔanik 
that you 
that you 
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
good 
ʔuusimč 
ʔuusimč 
do ritual training 
do ritual training 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
n̉aasiyaʕatu 
n̉aasiyaʕatu 
Day-Down 
Day-Down 
yaacʕaʔaaɬ 
yaacʕaʔaaɬ 
Walk-down-at-intervals 
Walk-down-at-intervals 

I heard that you are well trained," Day Down / Walk-down-at-intervals said.

98.83
c̉ušuk̉ʷaƛma 
c̉ušuk 
new 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
here is a new one 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
ʔuħʔaƛma 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
it is  
n̉aasiyaʕatu 
n̉aasiyaʕatu 
Day-Down 
Day-Down 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
t̉an̉aakʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the child of 
čaakʷaasiqmik 
čaakʷaasiqmiikʷ 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 
Dorsalfin-Hunter 

"Now here is a new name, it is Day-Down," he said to the child of Dorsalfi-Hunter.

98.84
tiičačiʔaƛ 
tiičačiƛ 
come to life 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he came to life 
hiitaɬuksuʔis 
hiitaɬuksuʔis 
Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea 
Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
he saw 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
wik̉aaʔaƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaˑʔa 
on the rocks 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was not on the rocks 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
person 
huʔacačiʔaƛ 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
having returned 
histaqšiƛʔitq 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
to where he had come from 
hinaayiɬ 
hinaayiɬ 
sky 
sky 

Pronouncing-spell-out-at-sea came back to life and he saw that the person was not on the rocks, having returned to where he was from the sky.

98.85
ʔuʔuutaħʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuutaħ 
hunt whale 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went hunting whales 
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
he saw 
yaacʕaʔaaɬ 
yaacʕaʔaaɬ 
Walk-down-at-intervals 
Walk-down-at-intervals 
n̉aasiyaʕatu 
n̉aasiyaʕatu 
Day-Down 
Day-Down 
c̉axšiʔaƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he speared 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 

He went hunting whales after having seen Walk-down-at-intervals and Day Down and he speared a whale.

98.86
qaħšiʔaƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it died 
ʔiiħtuupʔi 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the whale 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
maaƛmaaƛšiʔaƛ 
maaƛmaaƛšiƛ 
begin towing s.t. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
begin towing s.t. 

This whale died and he started towing it.

pg. 15 begins here

98.87
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
neʔiičiʔaƛ 
neʔiičiƛ 
hear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he heard 
t̉ickeeʔi 
t̉ickaa 
Thundering 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
Thundering 
histaqšiƛ 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
coming from  
hiɬc̉aatu 
hiɬc̉aatu 
open sea 
out at sea 

Then he heard Thundering coming from way out at sea.

This is one of two thunderbirds used by Captain Bill in an ʔo:shštaʕaqstop ceremony in February 1914, at Ucluelet.

98.88
ʔeeʔeeʔiša 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
he did quickly 
wiħiiʔuƛ 
wiħii 
on dry land 
-ˀawiƛ2 
be on the rocks 
coming to dry land 
ʔukʷinuʔaƛ 
ʔukʷinawiƛ 
put into 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
putting (claws) into 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
maaƛmaaƛeʔi 
maaƛmaaƛa 
be towing 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one tied up 

He (Thunderbird) came towards dry land quickly, putting (claws) into the tied up (whale).

98.89
n̉ikšiʔaƛ 
n̉ikšiƛ 
grab in claws 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he grabbed it with his claws 
ʔiiħtuupʔi 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the whale 
n̉ikšiʔaƛ̉atuk 
n̉ikšiƛ 
grab in claws 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
IMPF 
grab in claws 
yaqʷiisʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-iics 
take ... along 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one taken along 
maƛiis 
maƛiics 
tow along 
towing 
ʔiiħtuupʔi 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the whale 

He grabbed the whale that was being towed along, holding it in its claws.

98.90
kuħswiiʔat 
kuħswii 
perforate 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was perforated 
čakʷaasi 
čakʷaasi 
dorsal fin 
dorsal fin 
kuħswiqasap̉aɬ 
kuħ 
hole 
-(c,k)swiˑ 
go through 
-ˀas5 
go to 
-aˑp̉aɬ 
on upper back 
with a hole through it on the upper back 

The dorsal fin was punctured with a hole on the upper back.

98.91
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he now got 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
names 
tutuutš 
tutuutš 
Thundering-now-and-then 
Thundering-now-and-then 
ħeeʔiƛ̉ikšiiɬ 
ħiiʔiiƛ̉ikšiiɬ 
Turning-into-Lightning-Serpent 
Turns-Lightning-Serpent 
kuħswiqasap̉aɬ 
kuħswiqasap̉aɬ 
Hole-Through-Back 
Hole-Through-Back 
ʕimtiičiʔaƛuk 
ʕimtiičiƛ 
become a name 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
getting as his names 

"Thunder", “Turns-Lightning-Serpent" and “Hole-Through-The-Back” now became his names.

98.92
ʔunaakšiƛʔaaqƛ̉aƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they would have them 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
names 
načimw̉asʔatħ 
načimw̉asʔatħ 
Nachimwas tribe 
Nachimwas tribe 

The Nachimwas tribe got to have these names.

98.93
takʷiičiʔaƛuk 
takʷ 
each 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
his became all 
qicyuu 
qicyuu 
painting 
painted 
ʔanaħukʔitq 
ʔanaħʷ 
size 
-uk 
IMPF 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as much as was his 
ʔut̉iiʔiɬaƛuk 
ʔuut̉iʔiɬa 
imitate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
imitating 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 
nač̉aak 
nač̉a 
tail 
-ˀak 
POSS 
its tail 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
nač̉aak 
nač̉a 
tail 
-ˀak 
POSS 
its tail 

His (house) became all painted around the house, representing a whale's tail, a California whale's tail.

98.94
kuħswiiʔaƛuk 
kuħswii 
perforate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his had a hole through 
t̉ašii 
t̉ašii 
doorway 
doorway 
ʔuħtinʔaƛuk 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
made of 
ƛatmapt 
ƛatmapt 
Western yew 
Western yew 

His doorway, made of Western yew, had a hole going through it.

98.95
ʔuut̉iiʔiɬaƛ 
ʔuut̉iʔiɬa 
represent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it represented 
kuħswii 
kuħswii 
hole 
hole 
hisiikitʔitq 
hisiikʷ 
go along 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it had gone along 
hinusa 
hinusa2 
surface 
surfacing 
maamaasiỷak 
maamaasiỷakʷ 
mud shark 
mud sharks 
t̉ašiiʔakč 
t̉ašii 
doorway 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-či2 
at 
doorway 

The hole going through represented where the mud sharks had surfaced from, their doorway, as it is said.