100. The Rival Whalers

Dictated by Tom Sayachapis, Nov. 15, 1913, 1913, XIV:23-28; 107/f2 (4-5)

A Ditidaht story, previously published (Sapir 1924) as “The rival whalers, a Nitinat story (Nootka text with translation and grammatical analysis)”, International Journal of American Linguistics, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 76-102.

100.1
ʔuusimč̉aƛ 
ʔuusimč 
do ritual training 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he trained for 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

Kwalisits was training for California whales.

pg. 23 begins above

100.2
weʔičuʔaƛ 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to sleep 
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
having finished 
ʔuusimč 
ʔuusimč 
do ritual training 
doing ritual training 

He went to sleep, having finished doing ritual training.

100.3
c̉itkpiʔaƛ 
c̉itkpiƛ 
lie down on one's side 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he lied down on his back at 
ʔinkʔii 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the fire 
wik̉aƛuk 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
DUR 
she did not 
c̉itkpiƛ 
c̉itkpiƛ 
lie down on one's side 
laying down on her side 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
wife 
t̉iqʷiɬʔaƛ 
t̉iqʷiɬ 
sit on floor 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she was sitting up 

He lay down on his back facing the fire; his wife did not lay on her back, she was sitting up.

100.4
n̉aacsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she looked at 
t̉ašiiʔakʔi 
t̉ašii 
door 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
at the door 
ʔatħii 
ʔatħii 
night 
night 

She was looking at their door all night.

100.5
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there 
kaƛħšiƛ 
kaƛħšiƛ 
appear 
it appeared 
t̉ašiiʔi 
t̉ašii 
door 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the door 
t̉uħc̉iti 
t̉uħc̉iti 
head 
head 
qʷaqʷaaʔitq 
DUP- 
SUF 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as if it were 
k̉ayuumin 
k̉ayuumin 
cougar 
cougar 

There at the doorway appeared a head, as it was of a cougar.

"panther" in the original

100.6
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there 
hiɬʔat 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀat 
INAL 
there at his 
sit̉a 
sit̉a 
tail 
tail 
t̉uħc̉itatʔi 
t̉uħc̉iti 
head 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his head 
qʷaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
thus 
ʔaħʔaa 
ʔaħʔaa 
that 
that 

There where his tail should be was his head, like this.

Its tail was sticking out from the top of its head, at the forehead.

100.7
wik 
wik 
not 
it did not do 
ƛ̉aỷax 
ƛ̉aỷaxʷ 
swift 
swiftly 

It didn't move rapidly.

pg. 24 begins here

100.8
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there was 
hiscaqc̉uu 
hiscaqc̉uu 
at both ends 
at both ends 
t̉uħc̉iti 
t̉uħc̉iti 
head 
head 

There was a head at both ends

100.9
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
she grabbed 
čakupukʔi 
čakup 
husband 
-uk 
DUR 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her husband 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

The woman took hold of her husband.

100.10
čiičiƛ 
čiičiƛ 
pull 
she pulled him 
ƛupksaap̉aƛ 
ƛupksaap 
wake s.o. up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
waking him up 

She pulled at him, waking him up.

100.11
ƛupkšiƛ 
ƛupkšiƛ 
wake up 
he woke up 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

Kwalisits woke up.

100.12
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there it was 
t̉ut̉uħcaqc̉uu 
t̉ut̉uħcaqc̉uu 
Head-at-both-ends 
Head-at-both-ends 

There was Head-at-both-ends.

100.13
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
he took 
cikiminʔakʔi 
cikimin 
iron knife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his iron knife 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
č̉ičiƛ 
č̉ičiƛ 
cut 
cutting 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
here 
here 
ħissaap 
ħissaap 
make s.o. bleed 
making bleed 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
ʔaʔapcit̉ačatʔi 
ʔaʔapcit̉ači 
groin 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his groin 

Kwalisits took hold of his iron knife and cut his groin thus.

That is the only way to kill this animal. You must sprinkle human blood on him.

100.14
tuxcpaa 
tuxcpaa 
jump over 
he jumped over 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

Kwalisits jumped over it.

100.15
č̉ičiƛƛaa 
č̉ičiƛ 
cut 
=ƛaa 
again 
he also cut again 
kʷisaasʔatʔi 
kʷisaas 
other side 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other side of his 
ƛišƛin 
ƛišƛin 
leg 
leg 
ħisšiƛ 
ħisšiƛ 
bleed 
it was bleeding 

He also cut the other side of his leg and it bled.

100.16
kʷiispanuuɬšiʔaƛ 
kʷiispanuuɬšiƛ 
jump from side to side 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he kept jumping from side to side 
ħisimỷawiʔaƛ 
ħisimỷawiƛ 
cover with blood 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
covering it with blood 
t̉ut̉uħcaqc̉uuʔi 
t̉ut̉uħcaqc̉uu 
Head-at-both-ends 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the Head-at-Both-Ends 

He kept jumping over the Head-at-both-ends from one side to the other, covering it with blood.

100.17
qaħšiʔaƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it died 
t̉ut̉uħcaqc̉uu 
t̉ut̉uħcaqc̉uu 
Head-at-both-ends 
Head-at-both-ends 

The Head-at-both-ends died.

100.18
ʕuỷičiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʕuuỷičiiɬšiƛ 
make medicine 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to make medicine 

He (Kwalisits) began to make medicine (of it).

100.19
qʷisħʔaƛ 
qʷis 
do thus 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it is how 
ʔaayimkšiʔaƛ 
ʔaayimkšiƛ 
get many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got many 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 

That is how he got many California whales.

100.20
n̉apxtaaʔaƛquuweʔin 
n̉apxtaˑ 
die instantly 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QUOT 
they would die instantly 
c̉axšiʔaƛquu 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
when he would spear them 

They would die immediately when he speared them.

100.21
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QUOT 
and then 
ƛaʔuuʔaƛƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again there was another 
c̉uʔičħšiƛ 
c̉uʔičħšiƛ 
become winter 
it became winter 

Then again another winter came.

100.22
weʔič̉aħsʔaƛ 
weʔič̉aħs 
sleep in canoe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was sleeping in his canoe 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
hiɬ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
there 
ʔanaħʔis 
ʔanaħʷ 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 
ʔatħii 
ʔatħii 
night 
night 

Kwalisits was sleeping there in his little canoe at night.

100.23
ʔuyuʔaɬʔaƛ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
kʷiscačiƛč̉a 
kʷiscačiƛ 
Go-to-another-place 
-ič̉aˑ 
PAST.QT 
Going-to-another-place 
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 
ʔukɬaa 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
name 
ʕimtnaak 
ʕimtnaakʷ 
have a name 
having the name 
ƛaʔuu 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
other 
ʔuʔuutaħ 
ʔuʔuutaħ 
whaler 
whaler 

Another whaler who had the name Cha'astsib saw what was "going to another place".

kʷiscačiƛ = '"to go off to another place" At two periods during the year, it is believed that big tide comes in at night and shifts everything in the village (houses and all). After a short time, everything is restored to its proper place. Always happens at night. If one happens to be awake at such a time, he can train (7o:simch) for anything he wants and be successful (such as wealth, whaling). If you step into the water, however, you become paralyzed for life. He must step into a canoe or move back to higher ground. Sign of the approach of this is the birds starting in to sing and the mice running through the house. Once Tom, when training for wealth, saw these signs and got very sleepy (hard to keep awake at this time), then dreamt he was drifting about. When he awoke, ground seemed rather warm, as this water is lukewarm. No one knows just when these two changes take place.

pg. 25 begins here

100.24
ƛ̉iiw̉inʔap̉at 
ƛ̉iiw̉inʔap 
laugh at 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was laughed at 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
qaayaapanačqa 
qaayaapanač 
drift about 
-qaˑ 
3. SUB 
that he was drifting about 
weʔičqa 
weʔič 
sleep 
-qaˑ 
3. SUB 
that he was sleeping 
wikʔaɬʔaƛqa 
wikʔaɬ 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3. SUB 
that he didn't know about 
kʷiscačiƛqa 
kʷiscačiƛ 
Go-to-another-place 
-qaˑ 
3. SUB 
Go-to-another-place 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 

Kwalisits was laughed at that he was drifting about while sleeping, that he didn't know about "going to another place" season.

100.25
hašiičiƛ 
hašiičiƛ 
find out 
he found out about it 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ƛ̉iiw̉inʔap̉atqa 
ƛ̉iiw̉inʔap 
laugh at 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-qaˑ 
3. SUB 
he was being laughed at 

Kwalisits learned that he had been laughed at (later on).

100.26
yaakšiʔat 
yaakšiƛ 
be sore 
-ˀat 
INAL 
his got sore 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 

His mind became sore.

100.27
wik 
wik 
not 
he did not 
šiƛstiis 
šiƛstiis 
move upstream 
move upstream 
hiisasa 
his(t) 
LOC 
-sasa 
precisely [L] 
staying right at 
ƛuuʔuwis 
ƛuuʔuwis 
Clo-oose 
Clo-oose 

He didn't move into the interior, he stayed right at Clo-oose.

The Tsishaath Indians have as an interior reserve at Alberni, supposed to be for drying salmon. Island and Hiikwis: hiɬwiiʔis.

100.28
šiƛstiisʔaƛ 
šiƛstiis 
move upstream 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they moved upstream 
niitiinaʔatħ 
niitiinaʔatħ 
Ditidaht people 
Ditidaht people 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
c̉aʔakukʔi 
c̉aʔakʷ 
river 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their river 

The Ditidaht moved to the interior, going to their river.

100.29
wiinapaƛ 
wiinapi 
remain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he stayed 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ƛuuʔuwis 
ƛuuʔuwis 
Clo-oose 
Clo-oose 
hiɬʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was there now 

Kwalisits remained at Clo-oose where he was.

100.30
wik̉iitšiƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
they disappeared 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The people disappeared (from Clo-oose).

100.31
ʔuusimčšiʔaƛ 
ʔuusimčšiƛ 
train for power 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to train for power 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 

Kwalisits started to train for California whales.

100.32
hiinisuuʔukšiƛ 
hiinisuuʔukšiƛ 
go along sea-mammal fashion 
he started to go along sea-mammal fashion 
waaɬak 
waɬaakʷ 
go 
going 
sayeeʔi 
sayaˑ 
far off 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
far off 
muučiiɬ 
muu 
four 
-čiˑɬ 
days 
for four days 
hiinisuuʔuk 
hiinisuuʔuk 
go along sea-mammal fashion 
going along sea-mammal fashion 
muu 
muu 
four 
four 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 
muu 
muu 
four 
four 
ʔatħii 
ʔatħii 
night 
night 

He started to go along sea-mammal fashion, going far away for four days going along sea-mammal fashion, four days and four nights.

100.33
hinasiƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
he arrived 
kaxiikis 
kaxiikis 
Walbran Creek 
Walbran Creek 
ʔukɬeeʔi 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the one called 
nism̉a 
nism̉a 
land 
land 

He arrived at the land called Walbran Creek.

100.34
t̉iqsaƛ 
t̉iqsaƛ 
sit on beach 
he sat on the beach 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

Kwalisits sat on the beach.

100.35
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there 
hitaħtis 
hiitaħtis 
go downstream 
they came downstream 
č̉aapuk 
č̉aapuk 
canoe party 
canoe party 
c̉aʔakʔi 
c̉aʔakʷ 
river 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the river 

A canoe party came down the river there.

100.36
ƛawiičiʔat 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was approached 
hiisʔiitq 
his(t) 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where he was 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
nawaayis 
nawaayis 
sit chatting on the beach 
sitting on the beach 

Kwalisits was approached there where he sat idly on the beach.

100.37
hinuɬta 
hinuɬta 
get out of canoe 
he got off the boat 
hiɬyinʔi 
hiɬyin 
bow of a boat 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the man in the bow 
č̉aapukʔi 
č̉aapuk 
manned canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the manned canoe 

The one at the bow of the manned canoe got out.

100.38
simaacyin 
simaacyin 
bow 
there was in the bow 
miɬsỷi 
miɬsỷi 
spear 
spear 

There was a spear in the bow of the canoe.

pg. 26 begins here

100.39
t̉iqsčisaʔat 
t̉iqsčis 
sit next to on beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was sat beside 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
č̉aapukʔi 
č̉aapuk 
manned canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the manned canoe 

Kwalisits was sat down beside by the canoe man.

100.40
qačšiʔat 
qačšiƛ 
elbow s.o. 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was elbowed by him. 

He was nudged with an elbow.

100.41
ʔuuqumħimatakħa 
ʔuuqumħi 
fine day 
-matak 
probably 
-ħaˑ1 
3 INT 
fine day 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
n̉aasʔii 
n̉aas 
day 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the day 
waaʔat 
waa 
say 
-ˀat 
PASS 
said to 

"This day will be fine weather, don't you think?" he was told.

100.42
muqʷiiỷuuƛ 
muqʷiiỷuuƛ 
be dumbfounded 
he became speechless 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ħisiɬiičiʔaaħ 
ħisiɬiičiƛ 
unable to 
-ˀaaħ 
IRR 
unable to 
ciqšiƛ 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
speak 
qaħkʷačiʔat 
qaħkʷačiƛ 
be completely numb 
-ˀat 
INAL 
his became numb 
qaỷapt̉atʔi 
qaỷapt̉a 
limb 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his limbs 

Kwalisits became speechless, unable to talk, and his limbs became completely numb.

m̉uqʷiiỷuuƛ in notebook

100.43
ƛakišiƛ 
ƛakišiƛ 
stand up 
he stood up 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The (canoe) man stood up.

100.44
yaacšiƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
start off 
he started off 
huʔacačiƛ 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
returning 
č̉apacukʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his canoe 

He went off, returning to his canoe.

100.45
hitaqsiƛ 
hitaqsiƛ 
get into 
he got into 
č̉apacukʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his canoe 

He got into his canoe.

100.46
ƛiħšiƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
he set off 
yeeee 
yee 
yonder 
yonder 
takħtačiƛ 
takħtaačiƛ 
head out to sea 
heading to open sea 

He set off yonder heading out to sea.

100.47
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was 
č̉iiniiʔatħč̉a 
č̉iiniiʔatħ 
Chinii people 
-ič̉aˑ 
PAST.QT 
the renowned Chinii people 

He was of the Chinii.

100.48
ʔuyaaƛ 
ʔuyi 
when 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did so when 
tiičačiʔaƛ 
tiičačiƛ 
come to life 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he came to life 
ƛiħšiʔaƛʔitq 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
when he set off 
č̉aapukʔi 
č̉aapuk 
manned canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the manned canoe 
č̉iiniiʔatħʔi 
č̉iiniiʔatħ 
Chinii people 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the Chinii people 

At that time he came to life when the Chinii canoeman set off.

100.49
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
he took 
ʔiinaxmakʔi 
ʔiinaxma 
regalia 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his regalia 
timiisʔap 
timiisʔap 
rub on the ground 
rub on the ground 

He took his regalia and rubbed it on the ground.

They always wear bearskin when they are hiinisuuʔuk.

100.50
hiis 
hiyiis 
on the beach 
on the beach 
ʔaħʔaa 
ʔaħʔaa 
that 
that 
muučiiyis 
muu 
four 
-čiˑɬ 
days 
-‘is 
on the beach 
four days on the beach 

There he was on the beach at that place for four days.

4+4 = 8. He had been this length of time without food or sleep.

In hinisuuʔuk, when done on land, they put up hands in back of them like a dorsal fin, sometimes move hands about as though splashing like whale. All this time they hunch their backs and straighten out knees and loosen in turn, imitating movement of whale. Never stand erect. They also make sound of blowing. If anyone sees them doing it, it all becomes useless. This applies to all ritual training or drinking medicine.

100.51
hitacsuħtaƛƛaa 
hitacsuħta 
come out of the woods 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
it came out of the woods again 
qʷayac̉iik 
qʷayac̉iik 
wolf 
wolf 

A wolf also came out of the woods.

100.52
ƛawiičiʔatƛaa 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
again 
he was approached again 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

Again Kwalisits was approached.

100.53
cuskšiʔatuk 
cuskšiƛ 
urinate 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
POSS 
his was urinated on 
mucmuħaq 
mucmuħaq 
bearskin 
bearskin 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

Kwalisits' bearskin was urinated on.

cuskšiƛ used only of animals (not of man). Wolves who give power in this way do not squire out ordinary urine.

100.54
qʷaaʔak 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his was like 
qʷeeʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as a 
kacuumin 
kacuumin 
hailstone 
hailstones 

His (urine) was just like hailstones.

100.55
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
huʔacačiƛ 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
returning 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going home 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his house 

And then Kwalsic finished, and returned home to his house.

pg. 27

100.56
hawiiƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
it finished 
c̉uʔičħ 
c̉uʔičħ 
winter 
winter 

Winter ended.

100.57
č̉ukʷiʔaƛ 
č̉ukʷiƛ 
go along in a pod 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were going along in pods 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 

The California whales started to "run".

100.58
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
he speared 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 

Cha'astsib speared one.

100.59
qaħsaap 
qaħsaap 
kill 
he killed 
maaʔakʔi 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
California gray whale 
yaʕaanitʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ˀaan 
PASS 
-(m)it 
former 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one by whom he was 
ƛ̉iiw̉inʔap̉at 
ƛ̉iiw̉inʔap 
laugh at 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was laughed at 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

The one by whom Kwalisits had been laughed at killed a California whale.

100.60
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
he speared 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

Kwalisits also speared one.

100.61
c̉axšiƛƛaa 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he speared it 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 
hiniipƛaa 
hiniip 
get 
=ƛaa 
again 
again getting it 

Cha'astsib speared again and also got it.

100.62
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
he speared 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
hiniip 
hiniip 
get 
getting it 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 

Kwalisits also speared and likewise got one.

100.63
muuỷip 
muu 
four 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
he got four 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 

Cha'astsib got four California whales.

100.64
ʔana 
ʔana 
only 
only he did 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
suč̉iip 
suč̉a 
five 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
getting five 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 

Kwalisits alone got five California whales.

100.65
ƛ̉up̉iičħšiƛ 
ƛ̉up̉iičħšiƛ 
be summer 
it became summer 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
look for 
they started looking for 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whales 

Summer came and they started to look for whales.

100.66
c̉axšiƛƛaa 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he speared it 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 

Again Cha'astsib speared a whale.

100.67
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
he speared 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whale 

Kwalisits likewise speared a whale.

100.68
ʔuuwiiʔaaɬʔap 
ʔuuwii 
at first 
-ˀaaɬ 
each 
-ˀap 
CAUS 
he let him go first each time 
c̉axšiƛ 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
spearing 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 

He always let Cha'astsib spear first.

100.69
c̉axšiʔaƛƛaa 
c̉axšiƛ 
spear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he speared at 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ʔiiħtuupʔi 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the whale 

Kwalisits likewise again speared a whale.

100.70
muuỷip̉aƛƛaa 
muu 
four 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he got four 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whales 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 

Again, Cha'astsib got four humpbacked whales.

100.71
wikɬm̉iičiʔaƛ 
wikɬm̉iičiƛ 
become unable to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he become unable to (go further) 
hiniip 
hiniip 
get 
get 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 

Cha'astsib became unable to get more.

pg. 28 begins here

100.72
suč̉iiỷip̉aƛƛaa 
suč̉a 
five 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he got five 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ʔiiħtuup 
ʔiiħtuup 
whale 
whales 

Again Kwalisits got five whales.

100.73
suč̉iiỷipƛaa 
suč̉a 
five 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
=ƛaa 
again 
he also got five 
maaʔak 
maaʔakʷ 
California gray whale 
California whales 

He also got five California whales.

California whales run in the spring, humpbacked whales more in the summer.

100.74
ħayuuỷipšiƛ 
ħayuuỷip 
get ten 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
he got ten 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 

Kwalisits got ten (whales).

100.75
ʔaƛakʷaɬiip 
ʔaƛakʷaɬ 
eight 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
he got eight 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 
ʔuyuʔaɬitʔi 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
notice 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had noticed 
ʔuħ 
ʔuħ 
is 
is 
kʷiscačiƛ 
kʷiscačiƛ 
go to another place 
go to another place 

Cha'astsib, the one who had noticed that he had "gone to another place", got eight.

100.76
ʔaƛakʷaɬiip 
ʔaƛakʷaɬ 
eight 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
he got eight 
ʔuħ 
ʔuħ 
is 
is 
ʔana 
ʔana 
only 
only 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ħayuuỷip 
ħayu 
ten 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
he caught ten 

He had obtained eight, it was only Kwalisits that obtained ten.

100.77
ħaʔukʷiʔaƛ 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
take revenge 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took revenge on 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
yaʕaanitʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ˀaan 
PASS 
-(m)it 
former 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one by whom he was 
ƛ̉iiw̉inʔap̉at 
ƛ̉iiw̉inʔap 
laugh at 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was laughed at 

Kwalisits took revenge on the one by whom he had been laughed at.

100.78
sačkukč̉aš 
sačk1 
sharp 
-uk 
DUR 
-č̉aˑʕaš 
3 INFER 
it seems his is sharp 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 

"It seems Cha'astsib's medicine is sharp (=strong)"

100.79
ʔaaqinqħ 
ʔaqin 
why? 
2 
CONTEMP 
why is it? 
ʔaƛakʷaɬiip 
ʔaƛakʷaɬ 
eight 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
he got eight 
čaʔacsiib 
čaʔacsiib 
Cha'astsib 
Cha'astsib 
ʔanaqa 
ʔana 
only 
-qaˑ 
3. SUB 
it is only he 
ʕuuỷiwaƛ 
ʕuuỷiwaƛ 
find medicine 
find medicine 

"Why is it that Cha'astsib got eight; has he alone found medicine?"

100.80
ħayuuỷip̉aƛsi 
ħayuuỷip 
get ten 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-siˑ1 
1s ABS 
I have got ten 
siỷa 
siỷa 

yaqiis 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-(y)iis 
1s.Indf Rel 
I who did so  
wik 
wik 
not 
not 
ʕuuỷiwaƛ 
ʕuuỷiwaƛ 
find medicine 
find medicine 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
k̉ʷalsic 
k̉ʷalsic 
Kwalisits 
Kwalisits 
ħaʔukʷiʔaƛ 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
take revenge 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking revenge 

I have obtained ten, I who did not find medicine," said Kwalisits in revenge.