128. A Huupachasath Account of Culture Origins

Dictated by Tyee Bob, Jan 3-7, 1914; XIX 29-50, XX: 1-49

How the Hupachas tribe originated from Nutswayi, about the origins of the Wolf Ritual, the introduction of the bow and arrow, the discovery of fire, the creation of the canoe, etc. From line 803, mention of the relationship between the Huupachas and the Qualicum/Pentlatch people continuing until line 926. After that comes the description of bark houses and the invention of boards. Then there is a discussion of ear ornaments and the consequences of piercing the ears, followed by the invention of buckets and the use of the cooking-box to boil salmon.

128.1
ɬučnaakšiʔaƛ 
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
get married 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got married 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
ʔuħ 
ʔuħ 
is 
is 
qaɬaatikʔi 
qaɬaatik 
younger brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the younger brother 
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was not 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 

The chief, who was the younger brother not the elder brother, got married.

pg. 29 begins here

128.2
ỷimħaaʔaƛ 
ỷimħaa 
be ashamed 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was ashamed 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 
p̉iyačiʔaƛ̉at 
p̉iyačiƛ 
go bad 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
he went bad in his 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ɬučnaakšiƛqa 
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
get married 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he got married 
qaɬaatikʔi 
qaɬaatik 
younger brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the younger brother 

The elder brother was ashamed, going crazy that his younger brother was getting married.

128.3
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 
hitaaqƛ̉iʔaƛ 
hitaaqƛ̉iƛ 
go into woods 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going into the woods 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
huupkʷist̉aʔa 
huupkʷist̉aʔa 
Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks 
Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks 

Nuutswayi, the elder brother, who was also named Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks, went off into the woods.

128.4
qii 
qii 
long time 
long time 
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was not there 
ʔaƛčiiɬkʷaɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-kʷaˑɬ 
absent 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
being away for two days 
ƛaʔuu 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
another 
ʔam̉ii 
ʔam̉ii 
tomorrow 
tomorrow 
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was not there 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 

For a long time he was not there, being away for two days; then the next day Nuutswayi was still away.

128.5
ħayučiɬšiʔaƛ 
ħayu 
ten 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was now ten days 
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
not there 

He was away for ten days.

128.6
kamatsap̉aƛ 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he found out 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
qaħšiƛuk 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-uk 
POSS 
his died 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 

The father found out that his child died.

128.7
pawaɬšiʔaƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
miss s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he missed him 

He missed him.

128.8
waħšiʔaƛ 
waħšiƛ 
abandon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he abandoned it 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his house 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 

The father abandoned his house.

128.9
ʕiħšiʔaƛ 
ʕiiħšiƛ 
start to cry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started to cry 
ʔaħʔaa 
ʔaħʔaa 
that 
that 
ʔumʔiiqsuʔi 
ʔumʔiiqsu 
mother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mother 

The mother then started to cry.

128.10
ʕiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʕiiħšiƛ 
start to cry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to cry 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ħayučiɬšiʔaƛ 
ħayu 
ten 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
that is now ten days 
ʔiš 
ʔiš 
and 
and 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 

The father cried for twelve days.

128.11
nuuʔiʔaƛ 
nuuʔiƛ 
start singing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started singing 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
ɬuučm̉uupʔi 
ɬuučm̉uup 
sister 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his sister 

The young woman, his sister, started singing.

128.12
nuunukšiʔaƛ 
nuunukšiƛ 
start to sing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started to sing 
ħaaŋaaaayeeyeeee 
haaŋaayeeyee 
ƛuuɬuuuuŋuu 
ƛuɬukmuutsiš 
hupkʷist̉aaʔaaaa 
ŋaayiiyee 

She started in singing:

128.13
ƛuɬukmutsiiš 
huupkʷist̉aʔa 
huupkʷist̉aʔa 
Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks 
Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks 

My Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks was good, kind.

-mit (in song text)

128.14
qiičiʔaƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
for a long time 
wawaa 
wawaa 
say 
talking 
ʕiiħak̉aƛ 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
crying 

They talked and cried for a long time.

pg. 30 begins here

128.15
waħšiʔaƛ 
waħšiƛ 
abandon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he abandoned his 
tupaati 
tupaati 
ceremonial privilege 
ceremonial privileges 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
since 
qaħšiƛuk 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-uk 
POSS 
his died 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 

The father abandoned his ceremonial privileges since the elder brother's child had died.

meaning "he gave up the use of ceremonial privileges just as one gives up certain names for mourning".

128.16
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it was for a long time 
waħšiʔaƛ 
waħšiƛ 
abandon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he abandoned his 
tupaati 
tupaati 
ceremonial privilege 
ceremonial privileges 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
names 
waħšiʔaƛ 
waħšiƛ 
abandon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he abandoned his 
č̉uučk 
č̉uučk 
all 
all 

For a long time, he abandoned ceremonial privileges and many names, abandoning all.

qee+čiƛ

128.17
ʔunaakšiƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
he got 
qačc̉upiɬ 
qacc̉a+fr. var. of 
three 
-‘ipiɬ 
in the house 
three in the house 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
names 
qaɬaatikʔi 
qaɬaatik 
younger brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the younger brother 
ɬučnaakšiƛʔi 
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
get married 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who got married 

The younger brother, the one who got married, got to have three names (that were not abandoned).

128.18
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
nunuuk 
DUP- 
REP 
nuuk 
sing 
singing 
wawaa 
wawaa 
say 
talking 
ʕiħak 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
crying 

For a long time, they were singing while talking and crying.

128.19
č̉uučk̉ap 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
they did to all 
waħšiƛ 
waħšiƛ 
abandon 
abandoning 
tupaati 
tupaati 
ceremonial privilege 
ceremonial privilege 
nuuk 
nuuk 
song 
song 

They abandoned all tupaati songs.

128.20
yaacuk̉ʷaƛ 
yaacuk 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went  
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
c̉aʔakʔi 
c̉aʔakʷ 
river 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the river 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
Always-sliding-down 
Always-sliding-down 

Nuutswayi went off to the river at Always-sliding-down.

128.21
kʷisqʔičħšiʔaƛ 
kʷisqʔičħšiƛ 
the next year 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
the next year came 

The next year came.

128.22
qʷaamaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
it is like 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
ʕaʔukʔi 
ʕaʔuk 
lake 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the lake 
yaacuk̉ʷaƛ 
yaacuk 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went  
hintšiʔaƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
coming 
ʔuucuʔuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔuucuʔuk 
go toward 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going along 
ʔaanaštis 
ʔaanaštis 
do at random 
no particular place 

The lake was like this, he went along this way to no particular place.

128.23
hitapaƛquuweʔin 
hitapa 
go through 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he went over 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 

He went over a mountain.

128.24
n̉aacsaaƛquuweʔin 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he saw 
qʷišaa 
qʷišaa 
smoke 
smoke 
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was there 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 

He saw smoke there on the mountain.

128.25
wik̉iit̉aƛquuweʔin 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
there was none 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
house 
qʷišaa 
qʷišaa 
smoke 
smoke 

There was no house where the smoke was.

128.26
hitaaʕataƛquuweʔin 
hitaaʕatu 
descend 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he went down 
yaacšiʔaƛƛaa 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
walking again 
hininqanuʔaƛquuweʔin 
hininqinawiƛ 
go up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
going up 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 
hiɬħʔaƛquuweʔin 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
where he was 

He went down (the mountain), setting off again coming to the top of the mountain from there.

128.27
n̉aacsa 
n̉aacsa 
see 
he watched  
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 
kuʔaɬʔaƛquu 
kuʔaɬ 
in the morning 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
in the morning 

He watched the mountain in the morning.

128.28
ʔun̉aaħʔaƛ 
ʔun̉aaħ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was trying to find out 
maʔasquu 
maʔas 
house 
-quu1 
3.CND 
if there was a house 

He was trying to find a house.

128.29
ʔaƛpuuqumɬ 
ʔaƛpu 
seven 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
there were seven 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 
yaaqʷiɬʔaƛʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-iɬ1 
refer to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
to which he were doing 
hitap̉iq 
hitap̉iq 
pass by 
passing by 
hiniip̉aƛ 
hiniip 
get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he found now 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

There were seven mountains which he had passed, then he found a woman.

pg. 31 begins here

128.30
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
qʷišaa 
qʷišaa 
smoke 
smoke 
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was there 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 
ʔaƛpuqumɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔaƛpu 
seven 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was the seventh one 
nučii 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
mountain 

He saw smoke there on the mountain; it was on the seventh mountain.

No real ordinal numbers in Indian.

128.31
hiniip̉aƛ 
hiniip 
get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he found now 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
qʷišaa 
qʷišaa 
smoke 
smoke 

Then he found the smoke.

128.32
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
walk 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he walked 
wik̉iitšiʔaƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it disappeared 
nučii 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
mountain 

He walked until the mountain disappeared.

128.33
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
qʷišaamitʔi 
qʷišaa 
smoke 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
where the smoke was 

He went to where the smoke was.

128.34
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
houses 

He saw houses there.

128.35
ʔunaak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
he had 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
ʔuỷakuk 
ʔuỷakʷ 
used for 
-uk 
POSS 
(used ) for 
c̉imt̉uu 
c̉imt̉uu 
red squirrel 
red squirrel 

Nuutswayi had arrows for (shooting) squirrels.

128.36
ƛ̉ičiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉ičiƛ 
shoot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he shot 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
c̉imt̉uuʔi 
c̉imt̉uu 
red squirrel 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
a squirrel 

Nuutswayi shot a squirrel.

128.37
kuuw̉iɬtaqšiƛitweʔin 
kuuw̉iɬ 
steal 
-taqšiƛ1 
before ...ing 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he had stolen it from him before going 
siʔiɬ 
siʔiɬ 
firedrill 
firedrill 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his father 

Before leaving, he had stolen the fire-drill from his father.

Original was kuuw̉iɬtaqweʔin. The above was considered better by Alex Thomas which means 'Before leaving he had stolen'.

128.38
ʔuuʔaƛuk 
ʔuuʔaƛ 
for ... purpose 
-uk 
POSS 
his was for this purpose 
c̉imt̉uu 
c̉imt̉uu 
red squirrel 
red squirrel 

His was intended for squirrels.

128.39
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
houses 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
yaaɬweeʔin 
yaaɬ 
there 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they were there 

Nuutswayi saw the houses there.

128.40
n̉an̉aačamiičiƛ 
n̉an̉aačamiičiƛ 
look through knothole 
he began to look through knotholes 
yaaɬweeʔin 
yaaɬ 
there 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
being there 
mamuuk 
mamuˑk 
weave 
weaving 
ɬuučsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

He began to look through a knot-hole of a house where there was a woman weaving.

128.41
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
she was making 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
cedar-bark cloth 
cedarbark cloth 
mamuuk 
mamuˑk 
weave 
weaving 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

The woman was weaving cedarbark cloth.

128.42
c̉awaaqƛ̉as 
c̉awaˑ 
one 
-ˀaqƛ1 
inside 
-ˀas5 
go to 
she was alone inside 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
while he was there 
hitaas 
hitaas1 
outside 
outside 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took 
muustatakʔi 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his bow 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 

The woman was alone in the house while Nuutswayi was outside there; Nuutswayi was holding his bow.

128.43
muusqšiʔaƛ 
muusqšiƛ 
string a bow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he strung it 
muustatakʔi 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his bow 
ƛ̉ičiƛčip̉aƛ 
ƛ̉ičiƛ 
shoot 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he shot at hers 
mamuuʔakʔi 
mamuu 
weaving 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the thing she was working on 

He put the bowstring in place for shooting and shot at the thing she was working on.

i.e., strung his bow, not pulled bowstring

128.44
ƛ̉ičiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉ičiƛ 
shoot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he shot 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
n̉ašiʔaƛ 
n̉aššiƛ 
go to see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she looked up 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

Nuutswayi shot and the woman looked up.

pg. 32 begins below

128.45
ƛ̉iỷaqstuƛ 
ƛ̉iỷaqstawiƛ 
shoot into 
he shot into 
mamuuʔi 
mamuu 
weaving 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
that which she was weaving 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
cedar-bark cloth 
cedarbark cloth 

He shot into the cedar-bark cloth which she was weaving.

mamuu "what women work at" (basketry, matting; not used for other kinds of work)

128.46
čukʷa 
čukʷaa 
come! 
come here! 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

"Come here!" said the woman.

128.47
hišinkšiʔaƛ 
hišinkšiƛ 
join with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got together now 

They got together.

128.48
miɬcħinƛʔaaqƛin 
miɬcħinawiƛ 
become husband and wife 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we'll become husband and wife 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 

"We'll become husband and wife," she said.

Used only in first person plural; in referring to self and person addressed.

128.49
qii 
qii 
long time 
long time 
ʔucħinuʔaƛ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got married 
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was there 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
Always-sliding-down 
Always-sliding-down 

They got married at Always-sliding-down.

Thus a m̉uuħuuɬ man came to ƛ̉ikuut country.

128.50
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she made 
m̉uš 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
fish weir 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

The woman made a fish weir.

128.51
ʔukʷiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she made 
m̉uš 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
fish weir 
yaaʔaɬʔaƛ 
yaaʔaɬ 
look on 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he looked on 
čakupʔi 
čakup 
husband 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the husband 
čakupšiƛukʔi 
čakupšiƛ 
become husband 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who became their husband 

She was making a fish weir while her husband, the one who became her husband, looked on.

128.52
ʔun̉aaħʔim 
ʔun̉aaħ 
look for 
-ˀim2 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
go look for! 
ʔaaneʔisquu 
ʔana 
thus much 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-quu1 
3.CND 
one that might be short 
ƛaỷuu 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
stake 
ʔanikitquu 
ʔanikʷit 
thickness 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that is in thickness like 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 

"Go look for a short stake, one that is thus in thickness."

128.53
mamuukšiʔaƛ 
mamuukšiƛ 
work 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was working 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
man 

The man was working.

128.54
ʔaƛp̉iiɬiip 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
he got two 
ʔaħʔaa 
ʔaħʔaa 
that 
that 
ʔaana 
ʔana 
thus much 
thus much 
ƛaỷuu 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
stake 

He got two stakes just that much in length.

128.55
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was her 
wawaa 
wawaa 
say 
saying 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

The woman was telling him what to do.

128.56
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got much 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 

They got many sockeye salmon.

128.57
ʔun̉aaħʔim 
ʔun̉aaħ 
look for 
-ˀim2 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
go look for! 
ỷaaqquu 
ỷaˑq 
long 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that might be long 
ʔaƛp̉iiɬ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
two 

"Go look for two (poles) that are long."

128.58
ʔun̉aaħšiƛ 
ʔun̉aaħšiƛ 
look for 
he looked for 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man went to look for them.

128.59
hiniip̉aƛƛaa 
hiniip 
get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he got them again 
ʔaƛp̉iiɬʔaƛƛaa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
there were two 
ỷaqsʔaƛ 
ỷaaqs 
long 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were both long 

He got two long poles again.

ỷaaq 'one is long', ỷaaqs 'several are long', ʔaaneʔis 'short', ʔaniksʔis '(several) are short', ʔaana 'in length', ʔaniks 'in length (pl.)', ʔanikit 'that much in stoutness', ʔeʔinkit 'that much in stoutness (pl.)'

128.60
ʔun̉aaħʔaƛ 
ʔun̉aaħ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to look for 
ʔeʔinħʔisquu 
ʔeʔinħʷ 
small ones 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that might be small ones 
ƛaỷuu 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
stakes 

Then he went to look for stakes which might be small.

128.61
muup̉iiɬšiʔaƛ 
muu 
four 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she did to the four 
ƛaỷuu 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
stakes 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she worked on them 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 
ƛaỷuuʔi 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
stakes 

The woman worked on the four stakes.

128.62
č̉aaw̉iħtanup̉aƛ 
č̉aaw̉iħtanawup 
taper at the end(s) 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she was tapering them at the ends 
č̉uučk̉ap 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
doing to all 
muup̉iiɬ 
muu 
four 
-p̉iˑɬʷ2 
...songs 
four 
ƛaỷuuʔi 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
stakes 

She was tapering all four of the stakes at their ends.

č̉aw̉iħta 'tapered at the end', <č̉aħ- , not č̉axʷ

pg. 33 begins here

128.63
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she was making them 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 
yaaʔaɬʔaƛ 
yaaʔaɬ 
look on 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he looked on 
čakupʔi 
čakup 
husband 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the husband 

The woman was making them (while) the husband was watching.

128.64
hayaaʔak̉aƛ 
hayaaʔakʷ 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she did not know 
qʷisʔaaqƛ̉apii 
qʷis 
do thus 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
that which she would do  
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making it 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

The woman did not know what she was going to do with what she was making.

128.65
hitapʔaʔap̉aƛ 
hitapʔaʔa 
cross over 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she put them across the creek 
ƛaasmapt 
ƛaasmapt 
sapling 
saplings 

She put the saplings (two long ones) across the stream.

128.66
ʕimtnaakma 
ʕimtnaakʷ 
have a name 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
having the name of 
χuuʔuχc̉aqmapt 
χuuʔuχc̉aqmapt 
Xu'uxcaq tree 
Xu'uxcaq-tree 

They are called Xu'uxcaq-tree.

check names in Nootka book & reference to text no. 143 χuχuχc̉a

128.67
hayimħiičiʔaƛquuweʔin 
hayimħičiƛ 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he did not know 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
mamuuk̉aƛuk 
mamuˑk 
weave 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
her weaving 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
woman 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaƛuk 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
her making of 
m̉uš 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
fish weir 

Nuutswayi did not understand his wife's weaving of the fish weir.

128.68
n̉aacsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he looked now 
čakupukʔi 
čakup 
husband 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her husband 

Her husband was looking.

128.69
ƛaỷuuqšiʔaƛ 
ƛaỷuqšiƛ 
put stakes in place 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she put stakes in their place 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

The woman put stakes in their place.

128.70
yaaɬweeʔin 
yaaɬ 
there 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they were there 
hiỷaaʔak 
hiỷaaʔa1 
rocky place 
-ˀak 
POSS 
hers were on the rocks 
ƛaʔaaʔak 
ƛaʔaaʔa 
stick up on the rocks 
-ˀak 
POSS 
hers sticking up on the rocks 
našukʔi 
našuk 
strong 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
where there was a strong one 
c̉aʔak 
c̉aʔakʷ 
current 
current 

Her (stakes) were there, sticking up on the rocks where there was a strong current.

128.71
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she took hold of 
ƛaʔuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
another 
ƛaỷuu 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
stake 

She took hold of another stake.

128.72
ƛaỷuuqšiʔaƛƛaa 
ƛaỷuqšiƛ 
put stakes in place 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
she put other stakes in place 
ʔaƛp̉iiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
doing two of them 
ƛaỷuu 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
stakes 

She put other stakes in place, setting up two stakes.

128.73
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she grabbed 
ƛaʔuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
other 
ƛaỷuu 
ƛaỷuu 
stake 
stakes 
ʔaƛp̉iiɬʔisʔi 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
two small ones 

She grabbed two other short stakes.

128.74
ƛaʔuup̉aƛƛaa 
ƛaʔuup 
stick up on the rocks 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
she stuck them up on the rocks again 

She stuck them up on the rocks again.

128.75
n̉aacsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was looking now 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
čakupšiƛʔi 
čakupšiƛ 
become husband 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who became her husband 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
m̉ušiiɬukqa 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
-(č,kʷ)iiɬ1 
make [L] 
-uk 
POSS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
when she was making her fish weir 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
woman 

Nuutswayi, the husband, was looking at how his wife was making her fish weir.

128.76
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she was making 
m̉uš 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
fish weir 

She was making a fish weir.

A long funnel-shaped trap (lobster-pot), which Aleck used to hear called m̉us, used to be placed at a rock in a stream at n̉iƛuw̉aʔa "place on rocks for (trap) to be on its back (n̉iƛ̉aaʔa)" opposite ƛ̉aasʕaʔaal. Crosspieces and stakes here described are simply a bridge (or staging) from shore to rock, not a weir. This account not parallel to Tom's in previous text.

128.77
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 
tuuxtuuxʷa 
Fulldup- 
SUF 
tux 
jump 
-(y)aˑ 
IMPF 
they were jumping 

Many sockeye salmon were jumping.

128.78
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she got to have 
m̉uš 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
fish weir 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

The woman now had a fish weir.

128.79
hawiiʔaƛuk 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
hers was finished 
m̉uš 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
fish weir 

Her fish weir was finished.

128.80
cumaanuʔaƛuk 
cumaanawiƛ 
fill up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
hers was filled up 
tuupšiƛʔi 
tuupšiƛ 
evening 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
evening 
m̉ušukʔi 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her fishweir 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 

Her fish weir was filled with sockeye salmon by the evening.

pg. 34 begins here

128.81
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
ƛaʔuuʔakʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
another one of hers 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 
ʔuỷakukʔi 
ʔuỷakʷ 
used for 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one of hers used for 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 

They went to her other house, her house for the purpose of (drying) sockeye salmon.

128.82
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ̉at 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was told 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
hiɬʔaaqƛ̉apqa 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
she would have it done there 
ƛ̉ušaa 
ƛ̉ušaa 
become dry 
drying 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 

Nuutswayi was told that she would have the sockeye salmon dried there.

128.83
hiɬʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was there now 
ʕimtnaakma 
ʕimtnaakʷ 
have a name 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
having the name of 
ʔukɬaama 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
it is called 
t̉ukw̉in 
t̉ukw̉in 
Tukwin 
Tukwin 

It was there which had the name called Tukwin.

128.84
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she now worked at 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 

She now worked at (drying) the sockeye salmon.

128.85
pawaɬšiʔaƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
now he was lost 
ʕuc̉uusʔatħ 
ʕuc̉uusʔatħ 
Siwash Cove band 
Siwash Cove tribe 
ħaw̉iɬukʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief of 

Now the chief of the Siwash Cove tribe tribe was lost.

I.e., Nutswayi.

128.86
ʔaƛqʔičħšiʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qʔiˑčħ 
for ... years 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was for two years 
qʷiyiʔitq 
qʷiyii 
when 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
as if 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 

For two years it was as if he had "died".

128.87
n̉upuqʔičħšiʔaƛ 
n̉upu 
six 
-qʔiˑčħ 
for ... years 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was six years now 
kamatsap̉aƛ̉at 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was found out 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
tiičqaa 
tiˑča 
alive 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he was alive 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
hisinqqa 
his(t) 
LOC 
-in1 
come 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
when he arrived at  
c̉uumaʕas 
c̉uumaʕas 
Alberni Inlet 
Alberni Inlet 

It was six years now, it was found out that Nuutswayi was alive when he arrived at Alberni Inlet.

128.88
t̉an̉anakšiʔaƛ 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-naˑkʷ 
have 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he had a child 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
meʔiƛqacʔisuk 
meʔiƛqac 
boy 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-uk 
POSS 
his little boy 

Nuutswayi had a child, his little boy.

128.89
ʔiiħʔis 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
-ʔis 
DIM 
he was a big little one 
ʔeeʔeeʔišaƛ 
DUP- 
REP 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
doing quickly 
ʔiiwačiƛʔis 
ʔiiwačiƛ 
get big 
-ʔis 
DIM 
growing big 

He was a big youngster, growing quickly.

128.90
ƛaʔuuʔaƛukƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
=ƛaa 
also 
he got another one also 
t̉an̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little child 
meʔiƛqac̉aƛukƛaa 
meʔiƛqac 
boy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ƛaa 
again 
again his was a boy 

He also had another little child, who was also a boy.

128.91
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to have 
ħaakʷaaƛʔis 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little daughter 

And then he got a little daughter.

128.92
qacc̉iičiʔaƛuk 
qacc̉a 
three 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
he got three 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
children 
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
t̉an̉anakšiƛ 
t̉an̉anakšiƛ 
have children 
having children 

He had three children, then finished having children.

128.93
ʔeʔiiħʔaƛ 
ʔiiħʷ 
big.pl 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were big 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛšiʔaƛ 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛšiƛ 
become young men 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
becoming young men 

They were big, becoming young men.

128.94
pisatuk̉ʷaƛ 
pisatuk 
play 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they played 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 

The young men played about.

128.95
wiħak̉aƛ 
wiħakʷ 
dry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was now dry 
c̉aʔakʔi 
c̉aʔakʷ 
stream 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the stream 

The stream was now dry.

pg. 35 begins here

128.96
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made 
t̉iin̉uɬ 
t̉iin̉uɬ 
salmon runway 
salmon runway 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
ʔuuỷakʷaaʔatup̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷakʷaaʔatup 
intend for ... purpose 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was intended for the purpose of getting 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 

The young men made a stone-drive (salmon runway) for sockeye salmon.

A stone drive involves two piles of rocks making a runway for salmon.

128.97
ʔiiħʔap 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
they made it big 
t̉iin̉uɬ 
t̉iin̉uɬ 
salmon runway 
stone drive 
histaawaƛ 
histaawa 
go for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
getting them at 
ħačiiʔi 
ħačiˑ 
deep down 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
deep down in 
č̉aʔakʔi 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
water 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 

They made the stone drive big, getting stones from deep down in the water.

128.98
ʔuʔuʔiiħʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
gather 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gathered 
m̉uksỷiʔi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
stones 
ʔayiiỷap 
ʔayiiỷap 
make a lot 
getting a lot 
m̉ušsaap̉aƛ 
m̉ušsaap 
make an enclosure 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
make an enclosure 

They were gathering stones, getting many to make an enclosure.

128.99
sayaač̉anup 
sayaač̉anup 
pile up high 
pile up high 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stones 

They piled the stones up high.

128.100
wik̉iitšiʔaƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they disappeared 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 
hitapa 
hitapa 
go through 
going through 
ʔuusaaħaƛ 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because of 
m̉uksỷiʔi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the stones 

The salmon that passed through (the trap) disappeared because of the stones.

128.101
ʔaayasa 
ʔaya 
many 
-sasa 
just [L] 
there were too many 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stones 

There were too many stones.

128.102
ħayuqʷač̉a 
ħayu 
ten 
-qaˑč̉a 
3.DUB 
it seems to be ten 
ƛišƛin 
ƛišƛin 
foot (meas.) 
feet 
ʔanaač̉a 
ʔana 
thus much 
-č̉a 
... size 
thus much in size 

"I think it is near ten feet high."

'feet' is a calque from English.

128.103
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they finished 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
looking for 
miʕaatʔi 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
sockeye salmon 

The young men finished looking for sockeye salmon.

128.104
č̉iyiičiʔaƛ 
č̉iyiičiƛ 
start to cut up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started to cut them up 
ɬuučm̉uupʔi 
ɬuučm̉uup 
sister 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their sister 
ħaakʷaƛapi 
ħaakʷaƛap(i) 
Girl-in-the-Air 
Girl-in-the-Air 
č̉iyaaʔaƛ 
č̉iyaa 
cutting 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she was cutting 

Their sister, Girl-in-the-Air, started cutting the fish up.

128.105
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they finished 
hiɬħ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
being there at 
m̉uš 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
fish weir 
p̉išaqʔi 
p̉išaq 
very bad 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one which was dangerous 

They finished going to the fish weir, which was (more) dangerous.

They found it easier to work with a stone drive than a fish weir at the falls.

128.106
hiɬħšiʔaƛ 
hiɬħšiƛ 
be there 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were there 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
ʔapskaapuʔeʔi 
ʔaapskaapuʔa 
mouth of river/lake 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mouth of the lake 

She started to be there (cutting) where the young men were at the river mouth.

Does this refer to the place called River-Head?

128.107
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they finished 
wik̉iitšiʔaƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
disappearing 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 

The sockeye salmon (season) finished and they disappeared.

128.108
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took her 
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
ʔucħinuʔaƛ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he married her 
ħačimsiqsuʔi 
ħačimsiqsu 
female's brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her brother 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 
ɬuučm̉uupukʔi 
ɬuučm̉uup 
sister 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his sister 

He took her, the elder brother, the sister's brother, married his sister.

128.109
xačaanuʔaƛ 
xačaanawiƛ 
live separately 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to live separately 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 

Nuutswayi got to live separately.

pg. 36 begins here

128.110
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did not 
hišink 
hišinkʷ 
together with 
live together with 
t̉aatn̉aakʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-t- 
PL 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his children 

He did not live together with his children.

128.111
qačc̉aqƛ̉asʔaƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ˀaˑqƛ̉as 
in the house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
now the three stayed in the house 

Now the three (children) lived in the house.

128.112
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
get married 
he married her 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
ʔucħinƛ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
marrying her 
ỷukʷiiqsakʔi 
ỷukʷiiqsu 
younger sibling 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his younger sibling 

The elder brother, that one, had married his younger sibling.

128.113
t̉an̉anakšiʔaƛ 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-naˑkʷ 
have 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they had a child 
ħaakʷaaƛʔisuk 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-uk 
POSS 
a daughter 

They had a little daughter.

128.114
t̉an̉anakšiʔaƛƛaa 
t̉an̉anakšiƛ 
have children 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they had a child again 
ƛaaʔuuk̉ʷaƛƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
-uk 
POSS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again they got another one 
ħaakʷaaƛʔic̉aƛukƛaa 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
=ƛaa 
again 
getting another little daughter 

They had a child again getting another daughter.

128.115
qacc̉iičiƛuk 
qacc̉a 
three 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-uk 
POSS 
they got three 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
children 

They had three children.

128.116
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ̉aƛuk 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
now they got a young man 
muučiƛuk 
muu 
four 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-uk 
POSS 
having four 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
children 

Now they got a son, having four children in total.

128.117
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they finished 
t̉an̉anakšiƛ 
t̉an̉anakšiƛ 
give birth 
having children 

They finished having children.

128.118
ħaakʷaaƛšiʔaƛuk 
ħaakʷaaƛšiƛ 
have a daughter come of age 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
he got to have a daughter come of age now 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the elder brother 
t̉an̉aakʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his child 

The elder brother's child got to be a young woman.

It was sometimes customary for a tribe to marry its own sisters, in order to prevent it from dying out. The Tsishaath were reduced once to 15 men and resorted to this extremity.

128.119
hitacħinuʔaƛ 
hitacħinawiƛ 
marry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he married her now 
qaɬaatikʔi 
qaɬaatik 
younger brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the younger brother 
ʔucħinuʔaƛ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he married her 
ʔaasiiqsakʔi 
ʔaasiiqsu 
niece/nephew 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his niece 

The younger brother married his niece now.

128.120
ƛuɬʔap̉aƛ 
ƛuɬʔap 
think highly of 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he approved of it 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔayiičiƛmaʕiiqƛ̉apqa 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-maʕiiqƛ 
want to 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he had wanted to increase 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Nuutswayi considered it good since he wanted to increase the number of people.

128.121
ħicħinuʔaaħʔaƛ 
ħicħinuʔaaħ 
be unable to marry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
be unable to marry 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
since 
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
there was no 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

They were unable to marry anyone, since there were no more people.

128.122
yaacuk̉ʷaƛquuweʔin 
yaacuk 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they went off 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 

The young men went off.

128.123
ʔun̉aaħʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʔun̉aaħ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they went looking for 
maʔasquu 
maʔas 
house 
-quu1 
3.CND 
if there was a house 

They went to see if there was (another) house.

128.124
wik̉iit̉aƛquuweʔin 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
there was none 
ƛaʔuu 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
other 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
house 

There was no other house.

128.125
ħaʔukʷiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
do in turn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they now would take turns 
sukʷiƛčip 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
taking his 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 
taayiiʔakʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his older brother 

They would take turns in taking his elder brother's child.

ħaʔuqħšiʔaƛquuweʔin in original but Aleck suggested above

128.126
t̉an̉anakšiʔaƛquuweʔin 
t̉an̉anakšiƛ 
have children 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they had children 

They now got children.

pg. 37 begins here

128.127
ʔucħinuʔaƛ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he married her 
ɬuučm̉uupukʔi 
ɬuučm̉uup 
sister 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his sister 

He married his sister.

128.128
ʔayiičiƛmaʕiiqƛ̉aƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-maʕiiqƛ 
want to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he wanted to increase them 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔeʔeeʔiša 
DUP- 
PL 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
doing quickly 

He wanted to increase the population quickly.

128.129
ħayuučiʔaƛ 
ħayu 
ten 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got ten 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔaƛqʔičħqħ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qʔiˑčħ 
for ... years 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
while being two years 

They had ten persons within two years.

128.130
ʔucħinuʔaƛ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he married her 
-quuweʔin 
kaaʔuucukʔi 
kaaʔuˑc 
grandchild 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his grandchild 

He married his grandchild.

Aleck states "-ʔaƛquuweʔin" is better.

If one marries his niece, his child is his (and brother's) grandchild as well as daughter (or niece). This is too far-fetched though.

128.131
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they became many 

They became many.

128.132
t̉an̉anakšiʔaƛquuweʔin 
t̉an̉anakšiƛ 
have children 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they had children 
sukʷiƛčip̉aƛquuweʔin 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would take from him 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 
qaɬaatikukʔi 
qaɬaatik 
younger brother 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his younger brother 
ʔuħʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would do so 
ħakʷaƛnak 
ħakʷaƛnakʷ 
have a daughter 
have a daughter 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 

He had a child and the elder brother took the younger brother's child, then the older brother had a daughter.

128.133
sukʷiƛčip̉aƛquuweʔin 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would take from him 
ɬučnaakšiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
get married 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
marrying her 
saač̉inkšiʔaƛ 
saač̉inkʷ 
always 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were always 
qʷaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
thus 
suuƛsuuya 
suuƛsuuya 
be taking 
taking 

He took (them) and then married them, always taking (wives) in that way.

128.134
c̉awaakỷiħtaqak 
c̉awaakỷiħtaqak 
originate from one 
they originated from one 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 
huupkʷist̉aʔa 
huupkʷist̉aʔa 
Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks 
Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks 

They originated from one, from Nuutswayi/Sun-Rise-out-of-the-rocks alone.

128.135
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
t̉an̉anakšiʔaƛ 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-naˑkʷ 
have 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
having children 
t̉aatn̉ačiiɬšiʔaƛ 
t̉aatn̉ačiiɬšiƛ 
produce offspring 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
now they began to produce offspring 

Now there were many people having children, they had begun to produce offspring.

128.136
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
hunt for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they hunted for 
hihiqtup 
hihiqtup 
different animals 
different animals 
saštuup 
saštuup 
animal 
animals 
huuʔak ʔuyi 
huuʔak ʔuyi 
long ago 
long ago 
wawaa 
wawaa 
say 
saying 
hihiqtup 
hihiqtup 
different animals 
different animals 

Now they hunted for all kinds of animals, long ago they said "hihiqtup".

*old word for saštuup

128.137
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to do many 
m̉ušiiɬšiʔaƛ 
m̉ušiiɬšiƛ 
make fish weirs 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making fish weirs 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old one 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 

Nuutswayi, the old one, began to make many fish weirs.

128.138
ʔiičaqšiʔaƛ 
ʔiičaqšiƛ 
get old 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he had grown old 

He had grown old.

128.139
qiiʔaƛ 
qii 
long time 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was a long time 

He had (lived) for a long time.

128.140
m̉ušiiɬšiʔaƛ 
m̉ušiiɬšiƛ 
make fish weirs 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were making fish weirs 
ƛaw̉uuktʔi 
ƛaw̉uukt 
obtain recently 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his recently obtained 
t̉aatn̉ackʷiʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-ckʷiˑ 
having ...-ed 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the children descended from him 

His recently-obtained children descended from him were now making fish weirs.

pg. 38 begins here

128.141
kamatsap̉aƛ 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they learned about 
m̉ušʔii 
m̉uš 
fish weir 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
fish weir 
qʷeeʔiitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what is a 
ƛaħckʷiiʔi 
ƛaħckʷii 
descendant 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the descendants 
t̉aatn̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
little children 

Now the little children, his descendants, learned about what is a fish weir.

128.142
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they began to look for 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 

They started to look for sockeye salmon.

128.143
ʔaayuučiʔaƛ 
ʔaayuučiƛ 
many do together 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
the many did together 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 
ʕaakỷak 
ʕaakỷakʷ 
salmon harpoon point 
salmon harpoon points 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 

The many young men worked together making many salmon spear points.

128.144
ʔaƛiiħtak 
ʔaƛiiħta 
two prongs 
-ˀak 
POSS 
it has two prongs at the end 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
huħtakšiƛ 
huħtakšiƛ 
learn 
learn to 

They learned how to have two prongs on one (spear).

128.145
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
ƛaʔuu 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
another 
ʕiɬčỷak 
ʕiɬčỷakʷ 
trout spear 
trout spear 
ʔuħtinʔap 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
made of 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 
hamuut̉atʔi 
hamuut 
bone 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bone of 

Another (person) made a trout spear from a bear's bone.

128.146
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave it 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
ʕiɬčỷak 
ʕiɬčỷakʷ 
trout spear 
trout spear 

They gave it the name "trout spear".

128.147
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave it 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
ʕaakỷak 
ʕaakỷakʷ 
salmon harpoon 
salmon harpoon 

They gave it (the other one) the name "salmon spear".

128.148
qʷaam̉asa 
qʷam̉aˑ 
thus many 
-sasa 
only [L] 
there were just that many 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
ʕaakỷakʔi 
ʕaakỷakʷ 
salmon harpoon 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the salmon harpoon 
ʕiɬčỷakʔi 
ʕiɬčỷakʷ 
trout spear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the trout spear 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 

There were only two, salmon harpoon and trout spear, one (of each).

128.149
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
these 

They made these.

128.150
ʔayačiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔayačiiɬšiƛ 
make many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made many 
ʕaakỷak 
ʕaakỷakʷ 
salmon harpoon 
salmon harpoons 
ʔuħtinʔap 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
made of 
hamuut̉atʔi 
hamuut 
bone 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bone of 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 

They made many salmon harpoons made of elk bone.

128.151
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
huħtakšiƛ 
huħtakšiƛ 
learn 
learning to 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
make 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
these 

Many young men learned how to make these.

128.152
ʔuħtinʔap 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
it was made of 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
mamaqsỷim 
mamaqsỷim 
spear-line 
spear-line 
tukʷaʕatʔi 
tukʷaq 
skin 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the skin of 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

The spear-line was made of deer skin.

128.153
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
ħayuuqšiʔaƛ 
ħayuuq 
200 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
becoming 200 

There were many, many, many, many people, becoming 200.

ʔaƛp̉itšiʔaƛ is removed before "ħayuuqšiʔaƛ' in the notebook.

pg. 39 begins here

128.154
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
šiiƛuk̉ʷaƛ 
šiiƛuk 
move house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they moved to 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
ʕaʔukʔi 
ʕaʔuk 
lake 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the lake 
šiiƛuk̉ʷaƛ 
šiiƛuk 
move house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they moved to 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ʔeʔim 
ʔeʔim 
as soon as 
as soon as 
ƛ̉aqšiƛ 
ƛ̉aqšiƛ 
spring 
spring comes 

And then they moved, going to the lake, moving house as soon as spring came.

128.155
pisatuk̉ʷaƛ 
pisatuk 
play 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they played on it 
ʔuħtinʔap 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
they had it take the place of 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 
tapkʷaak 
tapkʷaˑkʷ 
raft 
raft 
ỷaqsʔii 
ỷaaqs 
long 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the long 
ʔinksỷi 
ʔinksỷi 
firewood 
firewood 
k̉axn̉ii 
k̉axn̉ii 
driftwood 
driftwood 
muup̉iiɬ 
muu 
four 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
four 
ʔinksỷi 
ʔinksỷi 
log 
logs 

They played (on the raft); the raft took the place of a canoe, made of long logs of driftwood, four logs.

128.156
hinaasiʔaƛquuweʔin 
hinaasiƛ 
get on a surface 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they would get on a surface 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 

The many young men would get on it.

128.157
pisatuk̉ʷaƛquuweʔin 
pisatuk 
play 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they played 
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was there 
čaʔak 
čaʔakʷ 
island 
island 
qʷaamaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
it is like 
čaʔakʔi 
čaʔakʷ 
island 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the island 

They played as if there on an island, it was like an island.

128.158
cumaaʔaƛ 
cumaa 
be full 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was full 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
pisatuk̉ʷaƛ 
pisatuk 
move about 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
moving about 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 

It was full of people, many were moving about.

128.159
p̉iyačiʔaƛ̉at 
p̉iyačiƛ 
go bad 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
something bad happened 
ʔayasawiʔaƛ 
ʔayasawiƛ 
many die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
many died 

Something bad happened to them and many died.

128.160
hinusa 
hinusa2 
surface 
they came up out of 
č̉iħaa 
č̉iħaa 
ghost 
ghosts 
ʕaʔukʔi 
ʕaʔuk 
lake 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the lake 

The ghosts came up out of the lake.

128.161
č̉uučk 
č̉uučk 
all 
all 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 

All the young men died.

128.162
caqiic 
caqiˑc 
twenty 
it was twenty 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
dying 

Twenty died.

128.163
hinusa 
hinusa2 
surface 
they came up out of 
č̉iħaa 
č̉iħaa 
ghost 
ghosts 
ʕaʔukʔi 
ʕaʔuk 
lake 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the lake 
hihiqtupʔi 
hihiqtup 
all sorts of things 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
all sorts of things 
č̉iħaa 
č̉iħaa 
ghost 
ghosts 

All sorts of ghosts came up out of the lake.

128.164
ʔinksỷi 
ʔinksỷi 
log 
there was a log 
qʷaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
like  
nitupquu 
nitup 
house beam 
-quu1 
3.CND 
it was like a beam 
hinkiicquu 
hinkiic 
wear head-mask 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that was wearing a head-mask 
nitupʔi 
nitup 
house beam 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the beam 
č̉iħeeʔi 
č̉iħaa 
ghost 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the ghost 

There was a log that was like a beam wearing a head mask, the beam ghost.

128.165
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
they died 
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
there was no one 
tiič 
tiˑča 
alive 
alive 

They all died, there was no one alive.

128.166
č̉uučksuuƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-sawiƛ1 
die 
all died 
caqiic 
caqiˑc 
twenty 
twenty 

All of the twenty died.

pg. 40 begins here

128.167
šiiƛuk̉ʷaƛ 
šiiƛuk 
move house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they moved house 

They moved house.

128.168
kʷiscačiʔaƛ 
kʷiscačiƛ 
go to another place 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to another place 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
t̉uunaxmaqis 
t̉unaxmaqis 
Tule Beach 
Tule Beach 

They started to go to another place, Tule Beach.

128.169
šiiƛuk̉ʷaƛ 
šiiƛuk 
move house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they moved house 
č̉uučk̉aƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
all of them now 

All moved house.

128.170
waħšiʔaƛ 
waħšiƛ 
abandon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they abandoned it 
čaʔakʔi 
čaʔakʷ 
island 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the island 

They abandoned the island.

128.171
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
t̉uunaxmaqis 
t̉unaxmaqis 
Tule Beach 
Tule Beach 
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
good 
nism̉a 
nism̉a 
land 
land 

They went to Tule Beach, which was a good land.

128.172
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was given 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
t̉uunaxmaqis 
t̉unaxmaqis 
Tule Beach 
Tule Beach 
ʔunitqa 
ʔunit 
be stocked with 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
being full of 
t̉uunaax 
t̉unaˑx 
tule 
tule 

It was given the name Tule Beach, being full of tule.

128.173
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
pisatuk̉ʷaƛƛaa 
pisatuk 
play 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they played again 
ʔaƛčiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
two days passed now 
pisatuk 
pisatuk 
play 
playing 
ƛuɬʔaƛuk 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs is good for 
nism̉a 
nism̉a 
land 
land 

And then they played again, playing for two days since their land was good.

128.174
ƛaaʔuukƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ƛaa 
again 
again they did  
pisatuk 
pisatuk 
play 
playing 

Again they played.

128.175
ciiqciiqaƛ 
ciiqciiqa 
speaking 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were speaking 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolves 
huuuu 
huu+ 
huu+ 
huu+ 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
saying 

The wolves were speaking, saying "huu+".

Spoken in a high tone

128.176
wawiičiʔaƛ 
wawiičiƛ 
start to say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to say that 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
waweeʔitq 
wawaa 
say 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which they were saying 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The man started to say that it was the wolves who were saying that.

128.177
pisatuk̉ʷaƛ 
pisatuk 
play 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were playing 
t̉aatn̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
little children 
ħaakʷaaƛʔis 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
-ʔis 
DIM 
young women 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔis 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
-ʔis 
DIM 
young men 

The little children, the young girls and boys, were all playing.

128.178
histaatuk̉ʷaƛ 
histaatuk 
hear a sound from 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was a sound from 
ʔaneeʔisʔi 
ʔanaa[...]ʔis 
little in extent 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
close by 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
house 

The sound was coming from a place near where the house was.

128.179
ỷuuqʷiičiʔaƛ 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they also started doing so 
wawaa 
wawaa 
say 
saying 
hoooo 
hoo+ 
wawiičiʔaƛ 
wawiičiƛ 
start to say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started to say 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the people 

The people also started saying "hoo+"

128.180
tuupšiʔaƛ 
tuupšiƛ 
evening 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was evening 

Evening came.

128.181
wik̉iitšiƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
they disappeared 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolves 
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the people 
hiỷatħʔitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀatħ1 
live at 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where they lived 

The wolves disappeared and the people started to go back to where they lived.

128.182
mačinuʔaƛ 
mačinawiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they entered the house 

They went into the house.

128.183
ʔam̉iičiʔaƛƛaa 
ʔam̉iičiƛ 
be next morning 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
the next day came 
pisatuk 
pisatuk 
play 
playing 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
čiiɬčinaweeʕin 
čiiɬčinaweeʕin 
make the sound of čiiɬčinawee 
making the sound of čiiɬčinawee 

The next day came and, again, many were playing, shouting "čiiɬčinawee".

Aleck thinks that the game referred to is: There would be one in the centre of the room (game often played indoors in winter; would also be played outside). Others would rush all together from one end of room past the centre one; before rushing they would shout in chorus: <baam baam balamš>. Center one would try to catch one as they went by; he would run around within marked-off precincts (chalk on floor or lines in ground when Aleck was young). As soon as he caught one, he'd slap him on his head and say baam..., when he was considered prisoner. Others, who had leader, would rush back at another signal; and so on. Those he caught would help him catch others. Kept it up until all were caught. Then one first caught was put in center to catch others. Sometimes young or even old men would join in, also little girls. No stakes, only for amusement. It was when Aleck went to school that they started to say bam...; before that they used to say something like <čiiɬčinawee>, though Aleck is not quite certain. [sounds like British Bulldog]

pg. 41 begins here

128.184
xačaaqħ 
xača 
separate 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
they were doing so separately 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
xačaaqħ 
xača 
separate 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
they were doing so separately 
ħaatħaakʷaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young women 

They young men did so separately and the young women did so separately.

128.185
haay 
haa+y 
q̉aanaaƛ̉aƛ 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were wolves 
ʔayaaƛ 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
many 

Now there were many wolves howling "haa+y"

128.186
ỷuuqʷaaʔaƛ 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they also did now 
wawaaʔaƛ 
wawaa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
saying 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the person 
waweeʔitq 
wawaa 
say 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
who were saying 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

Also, a person said it was the wolves who were talking.

128.187
wiʔakšiʔaƛ 
wiʔakšiƛ1 
get angry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got angry 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves got angry.

128.188
wiinaaƛ 
wiina 
attack 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to attack them 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
pisatukʔi 
pisatuk 
play 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the ones who were playing 

The wolves went to attack those who were playing.

128.189
pukʷiʔaƛ 
pukʷiƛ 
run in group 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they rushed as a group 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
hiɬħʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where they were doing 
pisatuk 
pisatuk 
play 
playing 

The wolves rushed as a group to where they were playing.

128.190
qaħšiʔaƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he died 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
a person 
ʔuħ 
ʔuħ 
is 
is 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
haʔukšiʔaƛ 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they began to eat him 

A person died and the wolves began to eat them.

128.191
ʔayasawiʔaƛ 
ʔayasawiƛ 
many die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
many died 

Many died.

128.192
p̉iyačiʔaƛ 
p̉iyačiƛ 
go crazy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went crazy 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 

The wolves went crazy, and many died.

128.193
wik̉iitšiƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
they disappeared 
t̉an̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
the little children 

The little children disappeared.

128.194
ħačatak 
ħačat 
all 
all 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
ħaatħaakʷaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman.pl 
young women 

All the young men and women died.

128.195
ʔaanimɬ 
ʔaanimɬ 
only survive 
there were only surviving 
ʔeʔiič̉im 
ʔiič̉im 
elder.pl 
old people 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
not exist 
there were none 
t̉an̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
little children 

Only the old ones survived, there were no children.

128.196
šiiƛuk̉ʷaƛƛaa 
šiiƛuk 
move house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again they moved house 
waħšiʔaƛ 
waħšiƛ 
abandon 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
abandoning 
hiɬħʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where they had done 
ʔayasuuƛ 
ʔayasawiƛ 
many die 
many died 

Again they moved house, abandoning the place where many of them had died.

128.197
takʷiičiʔaƛ 
takʷiičiƛ 
get to be exclusively 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
now it got to be nothing but 
ʔeʔiič̉im 
ʔiič̉im 
elder.pl 
old people 
ɬaakʷiqnakšiʔaƛ 
ɬaakʷiqnakšiƛ 
be in miserable state 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were in a miserable state 
wik̉iitšiƛuk 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs had disappeared 
t̉aatn̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
little children 

There got to be nothing but old people, who were in a miserable state that their children had disappeared.

128.198
ʔupiičiʔaƛƛaa 
ʔupiičiƛ 
come in season 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again they came into season 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 

Again, sockeye salmon came into season.

pg. 42 begins here

128.199
huʔacačiʔaƛƛaa 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they returned again to 
tuxuɬʔi 
tuxʷiɬ 
Sproat River Falls 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
Sproat River Falls 
kam̉eeʔic̉aƛ 
kam̉aˑ_ʔis 
few 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were few 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The few remaining people returned to Sproat River Falls.

128.200
wik̉iitšiƛuk 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs had disappeared 
t̉aatn̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
little children 

Their children had disappeared.

128.201
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
ʔaƛčiiɬkʷaɬ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-kʷaˑɬ 
absent 
being away for two days 

And then two young men went off for two days.

128.202
hiniip̉aƛ 
hiniip 
get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they found now 
maʔas 
maʔas 
village 
village 

They found a village.

People previously spoken of were Huupachas (ƛ̉ikuut̉atħ)

128.203
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
find 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they found 
m̉uuħuuɬʔatħ 
m̉uuħuuɬ 
Great Central Lake 
-ˀatħ1 
live at 
Great Central Lake to live at 

They found the Great Central Lake to live at.

128.204
hiniip̉aƛ 
hiniip 
get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got it 
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going home 

They got there now, then went home.

128.205
wik̉ap 
wik 
not 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
they did not let them do so 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
see them 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

They did not let many people see them.

128.206
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
telling them now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔayayuʔaɬ 
ʔaya 
many 
-(y)uʔaɬ 
see 
they saw many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

They went home, telling them that they saw many people.

128.207
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
yaacšiʔaƛƛaa 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they set off again 
huʔacačiʔaƛƛaa 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
returning again to 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

And then they went off again to and returned again from where the many people were.

128.208
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they told him now 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their father 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

They told their father that there were many people.

128.209
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
huʔacačiʔaƛƛaa 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they returned again to 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The two young men went off, returning to the many people.

128.210
yaacuk̉ʷaƛ 
yaacuk 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 

The young men went off.

128.211
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ̉at 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they were seen 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
kʷissaatħ 
kʷissaatħ 
different tribe 
other tribe 

Then they were seen by the other tribe.

128.212
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
ƛaʔuu 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
another 
ħaw̉iɬ 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
chief 

They went to another chief.

i.e. not a main chief

128.213
hiniisʔat 
hiniis 
take along 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they were taken along 
mačinup̉at 
mačinawup 
bring into house 
-ˀat 
PASS 
entering the house 
qacc̉aak 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ˀak 
POSS 
three of 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
young women 
qacc̉aak 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ˀak 
POSS 
three of 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
n̉upaak 
n̉upu 
six 
-ˀak 
POSS 
six of 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
children 

They were taken along into the house, three young women, three young men and six children.

pg. 43 begins here

128.214
waastaqšiƛħasuu 
waas(t) 
where? 
-taqšiƛ1 
come from ... 
-ħaˑsuu 
2p.INTERR 
where do you come from? 

"Where do you come from?"

128.215
histaqšiƛin 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we are from  
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they said 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
Always-sliding-down 
Always-sliding-down 

"We are from Always-sliding-down," (they) said.

128.216
waaỷaqstuʔaƛ 
waaỷaqstawiƛ 
think 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said to himself 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔucħinƛʔaaqƛqa 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he would marry her 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
m̉aam̉iiqsumatakʔi 
m̉aam̉iiqsu 
older child 
-matak 
probably 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the one who was probably the oldest 

He made up his mind that he would marry the young woman who was probably the older sister.

128.217
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔuʔuunimmasqa 
ʔuʔuunim 
going to get 
-maˑs 
move about on the ground 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he came from another tribe for her 

He said that he came from (another tribe) for her.

128.218
ʔucħinƛʔaaqƛeʔic 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you would marry her 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħačimsiqsuʔi 
ħačimsiqsu 
female's brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her brother 

"You would marry her," the young woman's brother said.

128.219
wikʔaaqƛeʔic 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you will not do 
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
go home 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħačimsiqsuʔi 
ħačimsiqsu 
female's brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her brother 

"You will not go home," her brother said.

128.220
waɬšiƛʔaaqƛaħ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will go home 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

"I will go home," said the young man.

128.221
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
naʔuukʔaaqƛaħ 
naʔuuk 
accompany 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will go with you 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħačimsiqsuʔi 
ħačimsiqsu 
female's brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her brother 

"Ok! I will go along," said the young woman's brother.

128.222
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
muučiiɬšiʔaƛʔitq 
muu 
four 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
when it was four days 
hiɬ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
there 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

They went home for four days to where the many people were.

*better than original muučiiɬqa

128.223
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
go along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she went along 
ɬuucsmiičiƛukʔi 
ɬuucsmiičiƛ 
become a woman 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
his who had become a woman 

His (sister), who had become a woman, went along.

128.224
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
go along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went along 
ħačimsiqsakʔi 
ħačimsiqsu 
female's brother 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her brother 
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going home 

The young woman's brother went along with them to go home.

128.225
hineeʔiƛ 
hineeʔiƛ 
enter house 
they entered the house 
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ɬučnaakšiƛuk 
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
get married 
-uk 
POSS 
his has gotten married 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 

They entered the house and the father saw that his child was married.

128.226
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told him now 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ɬučnaakšiƛʔi 
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
get married 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who got married 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
hiɬqaa 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that it was there  
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
young woman 
yaa 
yaa1 
there 
there 

The young man who had gotten married said that he got the young woman there.

128.227
n̉ašiƛ̉asʔaƛ 
n̉ašiƛ̉as 
go to see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to look 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The young man went to look.

n̉ašiʔaƛ originally

pg. 44 begins here

128.228
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
hitacħinuʔaƛ 
hitacħinawiƛ 
marry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he married her 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ʔucħinuʔaƛ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he married her 
hist̉atħʔi 
hist̉atħ 
live at 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one living there  
m̉uuħuuɬʔatħ 
m̉uuħuuɬ 
Great Central Lake 
-ˀatħ1 
live at 
living at Great Central Lake 

He saw the young woman and married her, the one living there at Great Central Lake.

128.229
muučiiɬʔaƛ 
muu 
four 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was four days now 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The young man was there for four days.

128.230
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 

They also went home.

128.231
ɬučnaakħʔaƛ 
ɬučnaakʷ 
married 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
when they were married 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
went home 

When they got married they also went home.

128.232
ʔuw̉aat̉iniičiʔaƛuk 
ʔuw̉aat̉iniičiƛ 
become relatives 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
they became relatives 
suuƛsuuyačip 
suuƛsuuya 
be holding 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
accepting her 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
young woman 

Now they (Burned Front tribe) became their relatives, accepting the young woman.

128.233
ƛuyačiʔaƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be favourable to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they came to be on good terms 
ʔaƛeʔi 
ʔaƛa 
two 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the two 
maʔas 
maʔas 
tribe 
tribes 
ħaʔukʷiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
do in turn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they started to exchange 
sukʷiƛčip 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
taking each others 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
young women 

The two tribes came to be on good terms, starting to exchange each other's young women.

128.234
ʔuw̉aat̉iniičiʔaƛuk 
ʔuw̉aat̉iniičiƛ 
become relatives 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
they became relatives 
ƛuyačiʔaƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was good 

They became relatives and (the relationship) was good.

128.235
hiniicst̉aɬ 
hiniicst̉aɬ 
give to each other 
they gave each other 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
young women 

They gave each other their young women.

128.236
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
ʔayaaƛ 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
many 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
do in turn 
do in turn 

And then there were many exchanges (of marriage?)

*not clear to Alex, better to leave out.

128.237
ɬučħaaʔaƛ 
ɬučħaa 
go for marriage 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went for marriage 
wawiičiʔaƛ 
wawiičiƛ 
start to say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
beginning to talk of 
ɬučħaa 
ɬučħaa 
pay bride price 
paying brideprice 

They went for marriage beginning to speak of paying brideprice.

128.238
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

There were many people.

128.239
wikɬm̉iičiʔaƛ 
wikɬm̉iičiƛ 
become unable to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they become unable to (go further) 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
die out 

They could not die out now.

128.240
ʔuutỷaap̉aƛquuweʔin 
ʔuutỷaap 
bring as a gift 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they brought as a gift 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 
t̉anup̉aɬʔaƛquuweʔin 
t̉anup̉aɬ 
carry on the back 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
carrying on their backs 
ħačỷaak 
ħačỷaakʷ 
gift visit 
on a gift visit 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
čimsaašt 
čimsaašt 
bear jerky 
bear jerky 

They brought bear as a gift, packing on their backs deer and bear jerky for a gift visit.

128.241
ħaʔukʷiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
do in turn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they did so in turn 
ħačỷaak 
ħačỷaakʷ 
gift visit 
on a gift visit 
ʔuutỷaap 
ʔuutỷaap 
bring as a gift 
bringing as a gift 
miʕaat 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
sockeye salmon 
t̉anup̉aɬʔaƛquuweʔin 
t̉anup̉aɬ 
carry on the back 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
carrying on their backs 
ʔuup̉aɬ 
ʔuup̉aɬ 
carry on the back 
carrying on the back 
miʕatašt 
miʕatašt 
dried sockeye salmon 
dried sockeye salmon 

They went on a gift visit in return, bringing sockeye salmon as gift, carrying the dried sockeye salmon on their backs.

128.242
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it was a long time 
qʷaa 
qʷaa 
thus 
thus 

It was a long time thus.

pg. 45 begins here

128.243
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then they did 
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
qačc̉ačink 
qacc̉a 
three 
-(č,k)inkʷ3 
together with 
three together 

And then the three young men went together.

128.244
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
seeing 
maʔas 
maʔas 
village 
village 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

They went off, seeing the many people in the village.

128.245
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
huʔacačiʔaƛ 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
returning 
n̉upčiiɬkʷaɬ 
n̉up 
one 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-kʷaˑɬ 
absent 
after being away one day 
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
telling him now 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their father 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The young men went home, returning after one day and telling their father that there were many people.

128.246
ʔaƛčiiyiɬʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-‘iɬ3 
in the house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were in the house for two days 
wiinapiɬ 
wiinapiɬ 
stay in the house 
staying in house 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
three 

The three young men remained in the house for two days.

128.247
yaacšiʔaƛƛaa 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they set off again 
ʔucačiʔaƛƛaa 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
ʔaƛa 
two 
=ƛaa 
=again 
again going to 
histuʔaɬʔitq 
histuʔaɬ 
see where 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where they had seen 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Again, they went off to where they had seen many people.

128.248
hinasiʔaƛƛaa 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they again arrived at 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
where the many were 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

They arrived at where the many people were.

128.249
n̉uupčiɬuuʔuk̉ʷaƛƛaa 
n̉up 
one 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-uuʔuk 
go along [L+S] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again they went for one day 

Again, they went for one day.

128.250
wik̉iituk 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-uk 
POSS 
it had none 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
nism̉eʔi 
nism̉a 
land 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the land 
hayaaʔak 
hayaaʔakʷ 
not know 
they did not know 
yaqɬaayii 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-(č,k)ɬaˑ 
name 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what it was named 
kʷisaatħʔi 
kʷissaatħ 
stranger 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other tribe 

The land had no name and they did not know what the other tribe's name was.

128.251
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
qačc̉eʔi 
qacc̉a+fr. var. of 
three 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the three 

The three young men went off.

128.252
ƛawiičiʔaƛ 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they approached 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old one 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

They approached an old woman.

128.253
waastaqšiƛħasuu 
waas(t) 
where? 
-taqšiƛ1 
come from ... 
-ħaˑsuu 
2p.INTERR 
where do you come from? 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

"Where do you come from?" the woman said.

128.254
histaqšiƛin 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we are from  
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
Always-sliding-down 
Always-sliding-down 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they said 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
three 

"We come from Always-sliding-down," the three young men said.

128.255
ʔačaqɬaħa 
ʔača 
who? 
-(č,k)ɬaˑ 
name 
-ħaˑ1 
3.INTERR 
who is named? 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
hiɬʔiitqsuu 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtqsuu 
2p.REL 
where you are 

"What's the name of where you are?"

pg. 46 begins here

128.256
ʔukɬaama 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
it is called 
ƛ̉ikuut 
ƛ̉ikuut 
Kleecoot 2 
Kleecoot 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old one 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

"It is named Kleecoot," the old woman said.

128.257
yaaɬukʷin 
yaaɬ 
there 
-uk 
POSS 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
there is ours 
ħaw̉iɬ 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
chief 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 
ʔiič̉im 
ʔiič̉im 
old 
old (one) 

"There is our chief, " said the old woman.

128.258
ɬuɬuučnimmasin 
ɬuɬuučnimmas 
go about seeking a wife 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we have come to find wives 

"We have come to find wives."

128.259
wikʔaaqƛ̉ateʔicuu 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)eˑʔicuu 
2p.IND 
you will not do so 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

"You will not do so," said the old woman.

128.260
ʔuw̉aat̉inqnak̉aƛin 
ʔuw̉aat̉inqnakʷ 
have friends 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we now have friends 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they said 
histiiỷimin 
his(t) 
LOC 
-iiỷip 
find 
-(m)in 
1p IND 
we found them there 
maʔas 
maʔas 
tribe 
tribe 
m̉uuħuuɬʔis 
m̉uuħuuɬʔis 
Little-Burned-Front 
Little-Burned-Front 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

"We now have friends," (they) said, "we found the tribe there at Little-Burned-Front, there were many people."

Village just below Stamp's Falls.

128.261
qacc̉iičiʔaƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
now it became three 
nism̉a 
nism̉a 
land 
land 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Now the many people came to be in three places.

128.262
ʔuħqaa 
ʔuħ 
is 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
it was him 
ʔuuỷip 
ʔuuỷip 
find 
finding 
maʔas 
maʔas 
tribe 
tribe 
t̉an̉ackʷakʔi 
t̉an̉ackʷi 
descendant 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
descendant 
nuucwaỷa 
nuucwaỷi 
Nuutswayi 
Nuutswayi 

It was the descendent of Nuutswayi who found the tribe (of Burned-Front).

128.263
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
this 
this 
ʔuuỷip̉aƛƛaa 
ʔuuỷip 
find 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they obtained it 
ƛ̉ikuutʔatħ 
ƛ̉ikuutʔatħ 
Kleecoot tribe 
Kleecoot tribe 

This (country) was obtained again by the Kleecoot people.

The first tribe was the c̉uumaʕasatħ who found m̉uuħuuɬ, then ƛ̉iikuut.

128.264
waɬšiʔaƛcuu 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-cuu 
probably 
you should probably go home 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old one 
wik̉atuuseʔic 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(w)uuseʔic 
2s.IRR 
you will not 
hiniiʔat 
hinii 
give 
-ˀat 
PASS 
be given 
ħaatħaakʷaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman.pl 
young women 

"Better go home," said the old one, "you will not be given young women."

128.265
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 

The young men went home.

128.266
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they said now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
čamiħtaƛ 
čamiħta 
really 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they really did so 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
saw them 

They said that many people certainly saw them.

128.267
wik̉atuusweʔinni 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(w)uus2 
3.Rel.Dub 
-weˑʔinni 
1p.QT 
we would not be  
hiniiʔat 
hinii 
give 
-ˀat 
PASS 
be given 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
young women 
wawaaʔaanitin 
wawaa 
say 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we were told by 
yaqii 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
the one who was 
ʔiič̉im 
ʔiič̉im 
old 
old (one) 

We would not be given young women we were told by the old one.

pg. 47 begins above

128.268
wahaakʔaaqƛaħ 
wahaakʷ 
go 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will go 
siỷaaqʔaaqƛ̉aƛaħ 
siỷaaq 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
it is I 
kamat̉apħak 
kamat̉ap 
know 
-ħaˑk 
2s.INTERR 
do you know? 
ʔiič̉imquu 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
-quu1 
3.CND 
might be the old one 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

"It is me, I will go. Do you know the old woman?"

original translation was wrong (Another one of village said:)

i.e., do you know what this old woman looks like?

128.269
waɬaak̉aƛ 
waɬaakʷ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
n̉uw̉iiqsu 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 

It was the father who went to the many people.

128.270
naʔuuk̉ʷaƛ 
naʔuuk 
accompany 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went along 

He went along.

128.271
c̉awaak̉aƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was one 
wikaɬʔaƛ 
wik 
not 
-aɬ2 
go along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
not go along 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 

There was one child that stayed behind.

128.272
qačc̉aaƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were three 
ʔukʷinkħʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷinkʷ 
be together 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
being together with him 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his father 

There were three together with the father.

128.273
yaacšiʔaƛƛaa 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they set off again 

They walked off again.

128.274
hinasiʔaƛƛaa 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they again arrived at 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Again they arrived at the many people.

128.275
wik̉iit̉aƛ 
wik̉iit 
disappear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she had disappeared 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old one 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

The old woman had disappeared.

128.276
wik̉asʔaƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀas5 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they did not go to 
hiʔiisitʔitq 
hiʔiis1 
on the ground 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where she had been on the ground 

They did not go to where she had been on the ground.

128.277
naaw̉aħaƛ 
naaw̉aħi 
wait for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they waited 
n̉aačsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
watching 

They waited and watched.

128.278
ʔaatħšiʔaƛ 
ʔaatħšiƛ 
become night 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
night fell 
weʔičuʔaƛ 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to sleep 
wik 
wik 
not 
not 
hineeʔiƛ 
hineeʔiƛ 
enter house 
entering 
maħt̉iiʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the house 

At night, they slept, not entering the house.

128.279
n̉aasšiʔaƛ 
n̉aasšiƛ 
dawn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it dawned 

Day came.

128.280
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they looked 
ʔam̉iičiʔaƛʔitq 
ʔam̉iičiƛ 
be next morning 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
when it was the next morning 

They watched when it was the next day.

128.281
yaaɬʔaƛma 
yaaɬ 
there 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
there she is now 

"There she is now," (one of the two said.)

128.282
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 
ʔaƛaaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were two now 
c̉awaak̉aƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was one 
wiinap̉as 
wiinapi 
remain 
-ˀas3 
on ground 
staying 
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 

One of the two brothers went off, while the elder brother stayed behind.

128.283
ʔuħʔaƛħakƛaa 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ħaˑk 
2s.INTERR 
=ƛaa 
again 
so it's you again, is it? 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

"So it's you again, is it?" said the old woman.

pg. 48 begins here

128.284
haaʔa 
haaʔa 
yes 
yes 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔukʷink̉aƛ 
ʔuukʷinkʷ 
be together 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
together with 
n̉uw̉iiqsak 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his father 

"Yes," said the young man, now together with his father.

128.285
ɬuɬuučnimmasin 
ɬuɬuučnimmas 
go about seeking a wife 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we have come to find a wife 

"We have come to find wives."

128.286
wikʔaaqƛ̉ateʔicuu 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)eˑʔicuu 
2p.IND 
you will not do so 

"You will not do so."

128.287
p̉išsuuqstuʔaƛ 
p̉išsuuqstawiƛ 
get angry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got angry 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
it was the father 
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
p̉išsuuqstuƛ 
p̉išsuuqstawiƛ 
get angry 
getting angry 

The man got angry, it was the father who got angry.

128.288
qaħsaap̉aƛ 
qaħsaap 
kill 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he killed her 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
qaniiwin 
qaniiwin 
Kaniiwin 
Kaniwin 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

The father, Kaniwin, killed the old woman.

128.289
taaqʷinuuƛ 
taaqʷinawiƛ 
choke 
he choked her 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
dying 
ʔiič̉imʔi 
ʔiič̉im 
elder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the old one 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

He choked the old woman to death.

128.290
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
šaw̉aaʔaƛ 
šaw̉aaʔa 
flee 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
fleeing 
wik̉iitħʔat 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀat 
PASS 
no one did so 
n̉aačsaak 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀak 
POSS 
watching them 

They ran off, there were no one watching them.

128.291
yiiɬ 
yii1 
yonder 
there was yonder 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
young woman 
hitaaqƛ̉iƛ 
hitaaqƛ̉iƛ 
go into woods 
going into the woods 

Way over there was a young woman going into the woods.

128.292
ƛawiičiʔaƛ 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he approached her 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
taayiiʔi 
taayii 
older brother 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the oldest brother 

The elder brother, the young man, approached her.

128.293
ʔuʔuunimmasaħ 
ʔuʔuunim 
going to get 
-maˑs 
move about in village 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I came to get  
suw̉a 
suw̉a 
you (sg) 
you 

"I came here from another place to get you."

128.294
waast̉atħak 
waas(t) 
where? 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-ħaˑk 
2s.INTERR 
where are you from? 

"Where are you from?" (she said).

128.295
histaqšiƛaħ 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I come from 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
Always-sliding-down 
Always-sliding-down 

"I come from Always-sliding-down."

128.296
hiniisʔaaqƛ̉aƛaħ 
hiniis 
take along 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will take along 
suutiɬ 
suutiɬ 
you 
you 

"I will take you along with me."

128.297
wikʔaaqƛeʔic 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you will not do so 
qaħšiƛuuseʔic 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-(w)uus2 
3.Rel.Dub 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you might die 

"You will not do so lest you might die" (said the woman).

128.298
hiniisʔaaqƛ̉ateʔic 
hiniis 
take along 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you will be taken along 

"You would be taken along." (said the young man).

128.299
kʷaaƛ̉ik 
kʷaaƛ̉ik 
come on! 
Come on! 

"Come on!"

128.300
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took hold of her 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The young man took hold of her.

128.301
wik̉ii 
wik 
not 
-ˀiˑ2 
2s>3.IMPER 
don't do so 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

"Don't do so!" said the young woman.

pg. 49 begins here

128.302
wik̉ii 
wik 
not 
-ˀiˑ2 
2s>3.IMPER 
don't do so 
qaħšiƛuuseʔic 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-(w)uus2 
3.Rel.Dub 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you would die 

"Don't do so! you would die." (said the young woman).

128.303
qaħšiʔaƛ̉i 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀiˑ2 
2s>3.IMPER 
die! 
kuw̉iɬa 
kuw̉iɬa 
do as directed 
do so if you must 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

"Die then! do so if you must," the young woman said.

128.304
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
walk 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he walked 
ʔunaakweʔin 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he had 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
the wolf 
ʔaƛaak 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-ˀak 
POSS 
the two 
ħakʷaƛnakʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
-naˑkʷ 
have 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had his daughter 

Two wolves walked toward the one who had taken the girl.

128.305
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he walked toward them 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolf 
ʔuucʔii 
ʔuuc 
belong to 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had her 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father of 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

The wolves of the young woman's father walked in the direction of his daughter, the young woman.

128.306
kamitqšiʔaƛ 
kamitqšiƛ 
run 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
then they ran after him 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔuukʷaỷiiħʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷaỷiiħ 
try to get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
trying to get her 
ħaakʷaaƛukʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his daughter 

The wolves ran after him trying to get his daughter.

128.307
ƛawasiʔaƛ 
ƛawasiƛ 
approach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he approached him 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
young man 
ʔuuyuqʷa 
ʔuuyuq 
refer to 
-(y)aˑ 
IMPF 
to the 

They became close behind the young man.

128.308
m̉ačiʔaƛ̉at 
m̉ačiƛ 
bite 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he got bitten 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
m̉aʔakʷaʔap̉aƛ̉at 
m̉aʔakʷaʔap 
chew to pieces 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was chewed to pieces 

The young man was bitten, chewed to pieces.

128.309
qatšiʔaƛ̉at 
qatšiƛ 
split open 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
his was split open 
taač̉aatʔi 
taač̉a 
belly 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his belly 

His belly was split open.

128.310
qaħšiʔaƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he died 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The young man died.

128.311
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she went home 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

The young woman went home.

128.312
qʷaaʔaƛ 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
just as 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolves 
hišcpaaʔaƛ 
hišcpaa 
on both sides 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were on both sides 
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
while she was there 
ƛ̉ikuut 
ƛ̉ikuut 
Kleecoot 2 
Kleecoot 

Just that way, there were wolves on both sides of her while she was at Kleecoot.

128.313
ʔunaakqa 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he had 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolves 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ʔaƛqimɬuk 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-uk 
POSS 
there are two of them 

The father had wolves, two of them.

128.314
ƛaaʔuuk̉ʷaƛ 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was another one 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
ƛaʔuu 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
other 
ħaw̉iɬ 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
chief 
t̉an̉aakʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his child 

Another one of his children went to another chief.

128.315
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told him now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
qaħšiƛuk 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-uk 
POSS 
his had died 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 
taayii 
taayii 
senior 
senior 
ħaw̉iɬ 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
chief 

The head chief told him (the other chief) that his child had died.

pg. 50 begins here

128.316
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔucačiƛʔaaqƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
they would go to 
ƛ̉ikuut 
ƛ̉ikuut 
Kleecoot 2 
Kleecoot 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

He said that the many people would go to Kleecoot.

128.317
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to 
ʔaħʔaa 
ʔaħʔaa 
that 
that 
ƛaʔuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
another 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
young man 
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
setting off 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
attractive 
attractive 

Another young man went, setting off with many people going to where the pretty young woman was.

128.318
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
hinasiʔaƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
arriving 
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
being there 
naaw̉aħaƛ 
naaw̉aħi 
wait for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they waited 
ʔaħʔeeee 
ʔaħʔaa 
there 
-ee 
VOC 
there 

He went off and arrived there while they were waiting there.

128.319
hiniiʔasʔaƛ 
hiniiʔas 
go out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she left the house 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

The young woman left the house.

128.320
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ƛawiičiʔaƛ 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
approaching 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

The young man went to approach the young woman.

128.321
ʔucħinƛʔaaqƛaħ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I would like to marry  
suutiɬ 
suutiɬ 
you 
you 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

"I would like to marry you," said the young man.

128.322
wik̉aƛči 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=čiˑ 
go and ... 
do not go and do so! 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
qaħšiƛuuseʔic 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-(w)uus2 
3.Rel.Dub 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you might die 

"Don't go and do so!" the young woman said, "you might die."

128.323
wik̉iis 
wik 
not 
-ˀiˑs2 
2s>1.IMP 
do not do 
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
grabbing 

"Do not grab me!"

128.324
ʔaaqisaħiwuusħas 
ʔaqi 
what? 
-saˑħi 
because of 
-(w)uus2 
3.Rel.Dub 
-ħaˑs 
1s. INTERR 
what would cause me to do so? 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
die 

"What would cause me to die?"

128.325
ʔunaakma 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
he has 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolf 
n̉ɔɔw̉is 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
my father 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 

"My father has wolves,"she said.

128.326
ƛuɬsuuƛʔaaqƛeʔic 
ƛuɬ 
attractive 
-sawiƛ1 
die 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you being good will die 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 

"You who are a good one will die."

128.327
yaaʔak̉apquuk 
yaaʔak̉ap 
love 
-quuk 
2s.CND 
if you love 
siičiɬ 
siičiɬ 
me (Obj) 
me 
ʔuucsʔaƛ̉im 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀim2 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
bring along 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
yaaʔak̉apquuk 
yaaʔak̉ap 
love 
-quuk 
2s.CND 
if you love 
siičiɬ 
siičiɬ 
me (Obj) 
me 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

"If you love me, bring along a deer, if you love me," said the young woman.

128.328
waɬšiʔaƛči 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=čiˑ 
go and ... 
he went and returned home 
ʔeeʔeeʔišaƛči 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=čiˑ 
go and ... 
going quickly 

He went home and did so quickly (got a deer).

128.329
hiikʷaɬʔaƛma 
hiikʷaɬ 
nearly 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
they are nearly doing 
hinaatšiikʷ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
-ˀiikʷ2 
HYP.FUT 
coming here 

"Now they (the wolves?) are close to coming here."

128.330
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔun̉aaħšiʔaƛ 
ʔun̉aaħšiƛ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
looking for 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

The young man went home to look for deer.

continued on page XX: 1

128.331
muučiɬšiʔaƛ 
muu 
four 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was for four days 
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did not 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 

For four days, he didn't go.

128.332
ʔun̉aaħʔaƛ 
ʔun̉aaħ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he looked for  
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
getting 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
hiniip̉aƛ 
hiniip 
get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he found now 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

The young man looked for deer, getting a deer, finding a deer now.

128.333
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told now 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his father 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔuucsʔaaqƛweʔisi 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-waˑʔisi 
1s.QT 
I said I will take along 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
ħaakʷaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
wik̉aƛsi 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-siˑ2 
1s.ABS 
I will not 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
die 
ʔuucsquus 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-quus 
1s.CND 
if I take along 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

The young man told his father ' I said I will take along a deer to go to the young woman, since I will not die if I take along a deer.'

128.334
č̉ičiʔaƛ 
č̉ičiƛ 
cut 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started cutting it up 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

He started cutting up the deer.

128.335
hitaatak̉ap̉aƛ 
hitaatak̉ap 
remove 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he removed its 
č̉iʔatap̉aƛ 
č̉iʔatap 
cut off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
cutting off 
ƛ̉ikƛ̉ik̉atʔi 
ƛ̉ikƛ̉ikʷ 
hoof 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
its hooves 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

He removed the deer's hooves, cutting them off.

kʷikʷinksatʔi in the original

128.336
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
hiniisuʔaƛ 
hiniisawiƛ 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 

The young man went off, taking the deer along with him.

128.337
naaw̉aħaaƛ 
naaw̉aħi 
wait for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were waiting 
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was there 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Many people were waiting there.

*original was naaw̉aħaa+ƛ

128.338
hiniiʔasʔaƛ 
hiniiʔas 
go out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she left the house 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

The young woman came out of the house.

128.339
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to go off 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔuk̉ʷič 
ʔuk̉ʷič 
wearing 
wearing 
sitsitaɬ 
sitsitaɬ 
groundhog 
groundhog 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The young man started to go off wearing a groundhog (as blanket).

128.340
sukʷiʔaƛaħ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will take 
suw̉a 
suw̉a 
you (sg) 
you 
ʔunaak̉aƛħak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ħaˑk 
2s.INTERR 
having it, isn't it? 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ʔunaak̉aƛaħ 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I have it 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

" I will take you,you are going to have the deer, isn't it?, I have it," said the young man.

128.341
wikʔaaqƛ̉aƛeʔic 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you will not do so 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
die 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

"You won't die," said the young woman.

pg. 2 begins here

128.342
miɬcħinƛʔaaqƛ̉aƛin 
miɬcħinawiƛ 
become husband and wife 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
now we can be husband and wife 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

"Now we cam be married," said the young woman.

128.343
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
hišink̉aƛ 
hišinkʷ 
together with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
together  

They went home together.

128.344
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the house of 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
ʔunaakʔi 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
daughter 

(He and) the young woman went to the chief's house, the one who had the daughter.

128.345
hineeʔiʔaƛ 
hineeʔiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they entered the house 
mačinuʔaƛ 
mačinawiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they entered the house 

They entered the house, going inside the house.

hineeʔiƛ can be used of cave, house; mačinƛ refers specifically to "house"

128.346
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
they were there 
ʔaƛačink 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-(č,k)inkʷ3 
together with 
the two together 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

They were there, the two together, (the young man and) the young woman.

128.347
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there 
ʔukʷink 
ʔuukʷinkʷ 
along with 
along with 
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
good 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
young man 

She was there together with the good young man.

128.348
hiiɬweeʔin 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-‘iɬ3 
in the house 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
there they were lying 
yaa 
yaa1 
that 
that 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔaƛeʔi 
ʔaƛa 
two 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the two 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolves 

The wolves were lying there in the house, the two wolves.

128.349
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
they saw him 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves saw the young man.

128.350
ħimčiʔaƛ 
ħimčiƛ 
show 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they showed them 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔiš 
ʔiš 
and 
and 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

The young man and the young woman showed them (the deer).

128.351
ʔuħsuu 
ʔuħ 
is 
-suu 
2p.ABS 
you are 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

'You are the young woman of the deer.'

??

128.352
ƛuyačiʔaƛ̉at 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be favourable to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
they were glad in theirs 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
minds 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
hiniisqa 
hiniis 
take along 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that she took along 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

The two wolves were happy that the young woman brought the deer.

128.353
čukʷaa 
čukʷaa 
come! 
come! 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ƛuyačiʔaƛ̉at 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be favourable to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
he was glad in his 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
haʔukʔaaqƛukqa 
haʔuk 
eat 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-uk 
IMPF 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that his would have to eat 
ʔuʔiis 
ʔuʔiis 
eat 
eating 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

"Come!" the father said, being happy for his wolves were going to have deer to eat.

128.354
ʔuʔiiʔiɬʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuʔiiʔiɬʔap 
bring into house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he brought him into the house 
hišinksap̉aƛ 
hišinksap 
put together 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
putting them together 
čimʔiɬukʔi 
čimʔiɬ1 
bed 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
in her bed 
ʔucaỷap̉aƛ 
ʔucaỷap 
take to swh 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
having them go to it 

(The chief) then had him come into the house and get together (with the young woman), having them go to her bed.

128.355
hišinkšiʔaƛ 
hišinkšiƛ 
join with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got together now 
t̉iqpiʔaƛ 
t̉iqpiƛ 
sit on floor 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
sitting down 
ʔucħiinuʔaƛ 
ʔucħinawiƛ 
marry s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
marrying her 

They got to be together sitting in the house and now he married her.

pg. 3 begins here

128.356
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
saač̉inkʔaaqƛqa 
saač̉inkʷ 
always 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he would always do 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
hunt 
hunting for 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ʔuʔaaɬukʔaaqƛqa 
ʔuuʔaaɬuk 
take care of 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that he would take care of 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ʔuuyuqʷa 
ʔuuyuq 
refer to 
-(y)aˑ 
IMPF 
to the 
qʷeeʔiqsuučiƛukʔi 
qʷiiʔiqsuučiƛ 
become parent-in-law 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the ones who would become his parents-in-law 

The young man said that he would always hunt deer and that he would look after the two wolves and his parents-in-law.

128.357
ʔaaqinʔuktukħak 
ʔaqin 
what? 
-ʔuˑkt 
obtain 
-uk 
POSS 
-ħaˑk 
2s.INTERR 
in what way do you obtain yours? 
ʔuuỷip 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
catching 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

"In what way do you obtain your deer?"

*Alex always says: ʔaqiʔukt

128.358
ʔuħweeʔin 
ʔuħ 
is 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it was him 
kamatsap̉ap 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
causing them to learn about 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

It was the young man who caused them to learn about the bow.

128.359
ʔukʷiiɬikeʔic 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-(y)ik 
IRR.FUT 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you will make it 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 

"You will make it," said the chief.

ʔukʷiiɬʔaaqƛeʔic would sound more like a command.

128.360
haaʔa 
haaʔa 
yes 
yes 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaaqƛaħ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will make it 

"Yes" said the young man, "I will make it"

ʔukʷiiɬikaħ sounds more like answer to question.

128.361
huptaaqħ 
huptaa 
be hiding 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
doing in secret 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
he made 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

Doing in secret, he made a bow.

128.362
hayimħaƛ 
hayimħi 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did not know 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
qʷiqii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what they might be 
ʔukɬaa 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
called 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
qʷiqii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what they might be 
ʔukɬaa 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
called 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 

The person (the chief?) did not know that which was called bow and that which was called arrow.

128.363
ʔuħweeʔin 
ʔuħ 
is 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it was so 
kamatsap̉ap 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
causing them to find out about 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 

He caused them to find out about bow and arrow.

128.364
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
ʔuħtinʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was made out of 
siw̉iipt 
siw̉iˑpt 
ironwood 
ironwood 

He made the bow, making it out of ironwood.

128.365
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
he was making 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

For a long time, the young man was making bows.

128.366
m̉iskʔisuk 
m̉isk 
dull 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-uk 
POSS 
his was dull 
ʕakỷak 
ʕakỷakʷ 
knife 
knife 
ƛ̉učckʷiiʔak 
ƛ̉učckʷii 
mussel shell 
-ˀak 
POSS 
of mussel shell 

His knife of mussel shell was dull.

128.367
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 

He finish making arrows.

128.368
ʔaanasaƛ 
ʔana 
only 
-[L] 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were only 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
three 
n̉aačsa 
n̉aacsa 
see 
watching 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

There were only three watching, the father and the young woman.

including the young man who was making the bow?

128.369
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 
ʔaƛc̉iquk 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-c̉iq1 
... long objects 
-uk 
POSS 
two of them 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 

He finished the arrows, his two arrows.

pg. 4 begins here

128.370
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The young man went home.

128.371
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
Always-sliding-down 
Always-sliding-down 
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ɬučnaakšiʔaƛaħ 
ɬučnaakšiƛ 
get married 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I am married 
n̉ɔɔw̉i 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 

He went to Always-sliding-down to tell (his father) that "I am married, father!" he said.

128.372
wikʔaaqƛweʔisi 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-waˑʔisi 
1s.QT 
I am told I will not do so 
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
go home 
ʔuyaaqƛweʔisi 
ʔuyi 
when 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-waˑʔisi 
1s.QT 
until I will 
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
go home 
t̉an̉anakšiʔiikquus 
t̉an̉anakšiƛ 
have children 
-ˀiikʷ2 
HYP.FUT 
-quus 
1s.CND 
when I would have children 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ʔiiqħuk 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
tell 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his father 

"They say that I will not return home until I have a child," he told his father.

He was not to return permanently to his own people till he had child. He merely returned for bowstring.

128.373
ʔuuʔiƛaħ 
ʔuuʔiƛ1 
go for 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I have come for 
maqiic̉anim 
maqiic̉anim 
bowstring 
bowstring 
ʔukʷiiɬʔap̉aanitaħ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I was made to make it 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

"I have come to get a bowstring, I was made to make bows."

128.374
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
hiniisuʔaƛ 
hiniisawiƛ 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
maqiic̉animʔi 
maqiic̉anim 
bowstring 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the bowstring 
ʕatušaʔaqʔi 
ʕatušaʔaq 
deerskin 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the deerskin 

"Well," said the father, bringing the bowstring and deer skin.

128.375
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
ɬuucsmaakʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wife 

The young man went to his wife.

128.376
ʔuucsʔaƛ 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took along 
maqiic̉anim 
maqiic̉anim 
bowstring 
bowstring 

He took along the bowstring.

128.377
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
hiniiʔaƛ 
hinii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he gave it to 
ɬuucsmaakʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wife 

And then he gave it to his wife.

128.378
mačinuʔaƛ 
mačinawiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she entered the house 
hiniiʔaƛ 
hinii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
giving it to 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her father 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
maqiic̉animʔi 
maqiic̉anim 
bowstring 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the bowstring 

The young woman entered the house and gave her father the bowstring.

128.379
ħisʔap̉aaħʔaƛ 
ħisʔap̉aaħ 
be unable 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was unable to 
maqiic̉inƛ 
maqiic̉inawiƛ 
string a bow 
string the bow 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
hayimħaƛ 
hayimħi 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
not knowing how 

The man (her father) was unable to string (the bow), not knowing how.

128.380
qiičiƛsuu 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
-suu 
2p.ABS 
he took a long time 
ħisʔap̉aaħ 
ħis[...]'aaħ 
unable to do 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaaħ 
IRR 
being unable to do anything 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
maqiic̉inƛ 
maqiic̉inawiƛ 
string a bow 
stringing the bow 
hayimħaƛ 
hayimħi 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
not knowing how 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
č̉uučk 
č̉uučk 
all 
all 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

For a long time, the man was unable to string (the bow), not knowing anything about this bow.

pg. 5 begins here

128.381
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took hold of it now 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The young man took hold of (the bow).

128.382
n̉aacsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was watching  
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
maƛšiʔaƛ 
maƛšiƛ 
tie 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it is tied 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
muustatakʔi 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his bow 

The man watched as the young man strung his bow.

128.383
maqiic̉inap̉aƛ 
maqiic̉inap 
string a bow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he strung (the bow) 

He strung it.

128.384
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

The bow was finished.

128.385
ƛuyačiʔaƛ̉at 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be happy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
he was happy in his 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man was happy.

128.386
wik̉im 
wik 
not 
-ˀim2 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
you should not 
ʔiiqħuk 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
tell 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
waaʔaƛ̉at 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he said now 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

"Don't tell many people," the young man was told.

128.387
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told now 
q̉aanaaƛ̉akʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
wolves 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ʔunaakšiƛqa 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that he had 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

The man told his wolves that he had the bow.

is this right?

128.388
qaħsaapʔaaqƛ̉ateʔic 
qaħsaap 
kill 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
they will kill you 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔiiqħukquuk 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-quuk 
2s.CND 
if you tell about 
muustatakʔitqak 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtqak 
2s.REL 
that you have a bow 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 

"The wolves will kill you if you tell that you have a bow," he said.

128.389
wikʔaaqƛaħ 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I won't do 
ʔiiqħuk 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
tell 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

"I will not tell," said the young man.

128.390
ʔaanasamaħ 
ʔana 
only 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I am the only one 
ʔunaak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
having it 
n̉ɔɔw̉is 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
wik̉iitħma 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
there is no one 
kamat̉ap 
kamat̉ap 
know 
knowing about 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

"Only I have it, father, no one else knows about this bow."

128.391
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
hunt for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to hunt for 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬʔatħʔi 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
Always-sliding-down 
-ˀatħ1 
live at 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the one living at Always-sliding-down 

The young man from Always-sliding-down began hunting for deer.

128.392
kuʔaɬ 
kuʔaɬ 
in the morning 
in the morning 
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went off 

In the morning, he went off.

128.393
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he came home 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
tuupšiƛ 
tuupšiƛ 
evening 
in the evening 

The young man came home in the evening.

128.394
ʔuuỷip 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
he got 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

He had got two deer.

128.395
ʔačkʔinħʔis 
ʔačknaħ 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
they were small 
ʔaƛqimɬ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
two 

The two were small.

pg. 6 begins here

128.396
hineeʔiʔaƛ 
hineeʔiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he entered the house 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his house 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
ɬuucsmaakʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wife 

He entered his house where his wife was.

128.397
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told her now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ʔačkʔinħʔisqa 
ʔačknaħ 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
they were small 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

He told his wife that he got two deer which were small.

128.398
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she told him now 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her father 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔuuỷip̉aƛqa 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he had got 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 

The young woman told her father that he got two deer.

128.399
sukʷiƛči 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
=čiˑ 
go and ... 
go and get them 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

"Go and get them," said the man.

128.400
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took them 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
hišink̉aƛ 
hišinkʷ 
together with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
together  
ɬuucsmaakʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wife 

The young man took them together with his wife.

128.401
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they took them 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
hitaasʔi 
hitaas1 
outside 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
outside 

They took them outside.

128.402
mačinuʔaƛ 
mačinawiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they entered the house 
c̉ac̉awiic 
DUP- 
SUF 
c̉awaˑ 
one 
-iic 
belong to 
each of them 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

Each of the deer was in the house.

*original was c̉ac̉awic

128.403
ʔuʔiiʔiɬʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuʔiiʔiɬʔap 
bring into house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he brought into the house 
ʕaatušukʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his deer 
ʔuukʷiiqstapitap 
ʔuukʷiiqstapitap 
put inside 
putting them on 
ɬiħaɬʔi 
ɬiħaɬ 
mat 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
mats 

He brought his deer into the house and placed them on cedar mats on the floor.

128.404
ỷuuqʷaaʔaƛ 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
also now she did 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 
ʔucaỷap̉aƛ 
ʔucaỷap 
take to swh 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
hiiɬsʔatuʔi 
hiiɬsʔatu 
at the door 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
at the door 
t̉ašiiʔi 
t̉ašii 
door 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the door 

Also, at the same time, the woman went to the doorway.

128.405
ciqšiʔaƛ 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he spoke now 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
haʔukšiʔaƛčasuu 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-čaˑsuu 
go and... [2pl] 
go and eat! 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ħaw̉iɬ 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
chief 
ʔuukʷiɬʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
Obj. Marker 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
to 
q̉aanaaƛ̉akʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wolves 

The man spoke, "go and eat!" the chief said to his wolves.

128.406
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ƛawiičiʔaƛ 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
approaching 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 

The wolves walked towards the deer.

128.407
haʔukšiʔaƛ 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they began to eat 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves began to eat.

128.408
ʔuwiiʔak̉ap 
ʔuwii 
be first 
-akʷ 
IMPF 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
they started first with 
t̉uħc̉itatʔi 
t̉uħc̉iti 
head 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the heads of 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves started first consuming the heads of the deer.

pg. 7 begins here

128.409
haʔuk̉ʷaƛ 
haʔuk 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they ate 
ʔaƛeʔi 
ʔaƛa 
two 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the two 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolves 
c̉ac̉awisʔaƛ 
DUP- 
DIST 
c̉awaˑ 
one 
-ˀiˑs1 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
eating one each 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

Each of the two wolves ate one deer.

128.410
haʔuk̉ʷaƛ 
haʔuk 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they ate 
qatw̉aatsap 
qatw̉aat 
half 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
doing half 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
niswačiʔaƛ 
niswačiƛ 
be satiated 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were satiated 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 

They ate half of the deer and they became full.

128.411
miiɬħiiʔapweʔin 
miiɬħii 
equal 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they caused them to be alike 
ʔaƛeʔi 
ʔaƛa 
two 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the two 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolves 
niswačiʔaƛ 
niswačiƛ 
be satiated 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were satiated 
miɬħtaỷap 
miɬħtaỷap 
do to half 
doing to half of it 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 

They caused theirs (deer) to be alike, they being full, they ate up half of the deer.

128.412
ʔiqcačiƛ 
ʔiqcačiƛ 
go to same place 
they went to the same place 
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
čimʔiɬukʔi 
čimʔiɬ1 
bed 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their beds 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
č̉uučk 
č̉uučk 
all 
all 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 

Both the wolves went to the same place, going to their beds.

128.413
weʔičuʔaƛ 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to sleep 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔaƛčiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were for two days 
weʔič 
weʔič 
sleep 
sleeping 

The wolves went to sleep, sleeping for two days.

128.414
ƛupkšiʔaƛ 
ƛupkšiƛ 
wake up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they woke up 
kuʔaɬ 
kuʔaɬ 
in the morning 
in the morning 

They woke up in the morning.

128.415
qacc̉ačiɬšiʔaƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it had been three days 

It had been three days.

128.416
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
hiiɬukʔitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-‘iɬ3 
in the house 
-uk 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where theirs were in the house 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

They went to where their deer were in the house.

128.417
haʔukšiʔaƛƛaa 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
again they started to eat 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves started to eat again.

128.418
ʔaanasak̉ap 
ʔana 
only 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
they would only do 
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they did not 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eat 
kʷikʷinksatʔi 
kʷikʷinksu 
hand 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his hands 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 

They didn't eat only the feet of the deer.

kʷikʷinksatʔi should be ƛ̉ikƛ̉ikʷ 'hooves"

128.419
ħeʔiisčiʔaƛ 
ħeʔiisčiƛ 
eat up all 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they ate up all 
q̉aanaaƛ̉am̉inħʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
c̉isqmisukʔi 
c̉isqmis 
meat 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the meat of 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 

The two wolves ate up all the meat of the deer.

128.420
weʔičuʔaƛƛaa 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they again fell asleep 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves again fell asleep.

128.421
kʷisqʔičħšiʔaƛ 
kʷisqʔičħšiƛ 
the next year 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
the next year 
t̉an̉anakšiʔaƛ 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-naˑkʷ 
have 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she had a child 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

The next year, the young woman got a child..

128.422
čakupʔisuk 
čakup 
male 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-uk 
POSS 
hers was a little boy 
t̉an̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little child 

Her child was a boy.

*better (Alex Thomas): meʔiƛqacʔisuk

128.423
ʕaʕatuỷiiħʔaƛƛaa 
ʕaʕatuỷiiħ 
hunt for deer 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he went hunting for deer again 
ʔaƛqimɬiipƛaa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
=ƛaa 
again 
again getting two 

He went deer hunting again, getting two again.

pg. 8 begins above

128.424
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she told now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔaƛqimɬiip̉aƛqaƛaa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
=ƛaa 
again 
he had obtained two again 
ɬuucsmaakʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wife 

His wife told (her father) that he had got two deer again.

128.425
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she told him now 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 
n̉uw̉iiqsakʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her father 
ʔaƛqimɬiip̉aƛqaƛaa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
=ƛaa 
again 
that he had obtained two again 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

The young woman told her father that he had got two deer again.

128.426
sukʷiʔaƛƛaa 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they took them to him 
hiniiʔasʔaƛƛaa 
hiniiʔas 
go out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
going out again 
hišink̉aƛ 
hišinkʷ 
together with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
together  
ɬuucsmaakʔi 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his wife 
sukʷiʔaƛƛaa 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they took them 

Again, they took them to him, going together with his wife, taking them.

128.427
ʔiqcaʔap̉aƛ 
ʔiqcaʔap 
put in the same place 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they put them in the same place 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
hiiɬħʔamitʔitqƛaa 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
=ƛaa 
again 
where they had done before 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eat 

They put them in same place where they had also caused them to be for eating.

128.428
ỷuuqʷaaʔaƛ 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she also did so now 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 
ʔucaỷap̉aƛ 
ʔucaỷap 
take to swh 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking them  
ʔuʔiiʔiɬʔap̉aƛƛaa 
ʔuʔiiʔiɬʔap 
bring into house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
bringing them into the house 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 

Also, the woman took the deer into the house again.

128.429
ciqšiʔaƛƛaa 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he spoke again 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
haʔukšiʔaƛčasuu 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-čaˑsuu 
go and... [2pl] 
go and eat! 
waaʔaƛƛaa 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he said again 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man spoke again, "go and eat!" the man said again.

128.430
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went  
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves went (to the deer).

128.431
haʔukšiʔaƛƛaa 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
again they started to eat 
ʔaƛeʔi 
ʔaƛa 
two 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the two 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
wolves 

The two wolves again started to eat (the deer).

128.432
ʔuwiiʔak̉ap 
ʔuwii 
be first 
-akʷ 
IMPF 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
they started first with 
t̉uħc̉itatʔi 
t̉uħc̉iti 
head 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their heads 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 
qatw̉aatsap̉aƛƛaa 
qatw̉aat 
half 
-sap 
GRD.CAUS [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again doing to half 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they finished 
niswačiʔaƛƛaa 
niswačiƛ 
be satiated 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again becoming full 

They first ate their heads, eating half of the deer again, then they finished eating, again becoming full.

128.433
weʔičuʔaƛƛaa 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they again fell asleep 
q̉aanaaƛ̉am̉inħʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 

The two wolves went to sleep again.

128.434
ʔaƛčiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they did so for two days 
weʔič 
weʔič 
sleep 
sleeping 

They slept for two days.

128.435
nisaak̉aƛ 
nisaakʷ 
satiated 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were satiated 

They were full.

128.436
ƛupkšiʔaƛƛaa 
ƛupkšiƛ 
wake up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again they woke up 

They woke up again.

128.437
qačc̉ačiɬšiʔaƛƛaa 
qacc̉a 
three 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again it was three days 
haʔukšiʔaƛƛaa 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
=again 
again they started to eat 
ʕaatušʔi 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the deer 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

Again it was the third day and the wolves started eating the deer.

pg. 9 begins here

128.438
hawiiʔaƛƛaa 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they finished 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 

They finished eating again.

128.439
ʔiiwačiʔaƛuk 
ʔiiwačiƛ 
get big 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs grew big 
t̉an̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little child 
ʔeeʔeeʔišaƛ 
DUP- 
REP 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
doing quickly 
ʔiiwačiƛ 
ʔiiwačiƛ 
get big 
getting big 

Their (the young woman and the young man) child grew big, growing big quickly.

128.440
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

Then the little child saw the bow.

128.441
ʕiħak 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
he was crying 
ʔuʔuuyuk 
ʔuʔuuyuk 
cry for 
crying for 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

The little child was crying for the bow and arrow.

128.442
tuuħukʷin 
tuuħuk 
afraid 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we are afraid 
m̉ačiʔatuusma 
m̉ačiƛ 
bite 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(w)uus2 
3.Rel.Dub 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
he might be bitten by 
n̉ɔɔw̉i 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

(young woman to child) "We are afraid your father might be bitten by the wolves."

128.443
ʕiħak̉aƛ 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he cried 
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
taking a long time 
ʕiħak 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
crying 
ʔuʔuuyuk 
ʔuʔuuyuk 
cry for 
crying for 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

He cried for a long time, crying for the bow.

128.444
ʕiħak̉aƛquuweʔin 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he cried for 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 
qʷam̉aa 
qʷam̉aˑ 
thus many 
thus many 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

They say the little child cried for many days.

128.445
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

The wolves went to where the bow was.

128.446
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
they took it 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
m̉ačiƛ 
m̉ačiƛ 
hold in mouth 
holding it in mouth 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
from where it was 
huptaa 
huptaa 
be hiding 
being hidden 

The wolves took the bow from where it was hidden, holding it in their mouths .

128.447
hiniiʔaƛ 
hinii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave it to 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʕiħakʔi 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one crying 
t̉an̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little child 

The wolves gave it to the crying child.

128.448
ƛ̉aħw̉ičiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉aħw̉ičiƛ 
stop crying 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he stopped crying 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

The little child stopped crying.

128.449
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took it 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

The little child took the bow.

128.450
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
ʕiħak 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
crying 

He stopped crying.

128.451
pisatuk̉ʷaƛ 
pisatuk 
play 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was playing 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 
ʔiiwačiƛ 
ʔiiwačiƛ 
get big 
getting big 

The little child played as he got big.

pg. 10 begins below

128.452
ʔukʷiiɬčip̉i 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
-ˀiˑ2 
2s>3.IMPER 
make him one! 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 
čakupukʔi 
čakup 
husband 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her husband 
ʔapaasʔisuk̉ʷap̉i 
ʔapaˑs 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-uk 
POSS 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀiˑ2 
2s>3.IMPER 
do a small one! 
muustatiʔis 
muustati 
bow 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little bow 

"Make him a bow!" the woman said to her husband, "make him a small bow!"

128.453
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
čakupʔi 
čakup 
husband 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the husband 
muustatiʔis 
muustati 
bow 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little bow 
ʔanaħʔis 
ʔanaħʷ 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little 

The husband made a small bow.

128.454
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to have 
muustatiʔis 
muustati 
bow 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little bow 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

The little child got to have a small bow.

128.455
hiniiʔas 
hiniiʔas 
go out 
he went outside 
hiniis 
hiniis 
take along 
taking along 
muustatakʔi 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his bow 

He went out with his bow.

128.456
hišinkšiʔaƛ 
hišinkšiƛ 
join with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got together now 
t̉aatn̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little children 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
many 

The many little children got together.

128.457
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
a young man 
haawic̉aqħakqa 
hawic̉a 
miraculous 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that his was wonderful 
muustatakʔi 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his bow 

A young man (not the child's father) saw his bow, that his was wonderful.

128.458
hayimħaƛ 
hayimħi 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did not know 
qʷiqukʷii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-uk 
POSS 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what his was 

He did not know what his was.

128.459
ƛ̉ičiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉ičiƛ 
shoot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started shooting 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

The little child started shooting.

128.460
ƛ̉ičiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉ičiƛ 
shoot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started shooting 
c̉iiħatiʔi 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the arrows 

He started shooting arrows.

128.461
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

The little child went home.

128.462
haaʕinčiʔaƛ̉at 
haaʕinčiƛ 
call to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was called  
mačinuʔaƛ 
mačinawiƛ 
enter house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
entering the house 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

The little child was called when entering house.

128.463
c̉awaakħʔaƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was one 
kamatsap 
kamatsap 
realize 
realised 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
qʷaaʔakʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what his (bow) was like 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

There was one young man who realized what the child's (bow) was like.

128.464
hayimħatuk 
hayimħi 
not know 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
IMPF 
he did not know 
qʷiqukʷii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-uk 
POSS 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what his was 

He did not understand what his (bow) was.

128.465
ʔam̉iičiʔaƛƛaa 
ʔam̉iičiƛ 
be next morning 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
the next day came 
pisatukšiʔaƛƛaa 
pisatukšiƛ 
play 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he was playing (with the bow) again 

Soon again, he was playing (with the bow) again.

128.466
n̉aačsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw him 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The man saw the young man.

128.467
ʔiiqħʔaƛƛaa 
ʔiqħ 
still 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
then again it was someone as before 
n̉aačsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
watching 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
qʷeeʔiitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what it was like 

Then again it was someone watching what the bow was like.

128.468
pisatukšiʔaƛ 
pisatukšiƛ 
play 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were playing 
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
t̉aatn̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child.pl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
little children 
ƛ̉ikuut 
ƛ̉ikuut 
Kleecoot 2 
Kleecoot 

Many children were playing at Kleecoot.

pg. 11 begins here

128.469
hiɬqħ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
it was there 
kamatšiƛ 
kamatšiƛ 
find out 
it was found out 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
qʷaaquu 
qʷaa 
thus 
-quu1 
3.CND 
how it might be 

It was at that place that it came to be known what this bow might be like.

hiɬqħ =hiɬħ

128.470
hinatšiʔaƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he came 
t̉an̉eʔis 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little child 

The little child came.

128.471
ƛ̉ičiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉ičiƛ 
shoot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he shot 
ʔuʔiiʔak̉ap 
ʔuʔii 
go to 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
hitting him there at his 
qasiiʔatʔi 
qasii 
eye 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his eye 

He shot into his (the child's) eye.

128.472
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
he died 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 
ƛ̉iỷaqstuʔaƛ 
ƛ̉iỷaqstawiƛ 
shoot into 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was shot 
qasii 
qasii 
eye 
eye 

The little child died, being shot in the eye.

128.473
qaaħšiƛsa 
qaaħšiƛ 
be dying 
-sasa 
precisely [L] 
he died precisely 

He died for good.

128.474
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
man 
yaqʷacitʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ac1 
belong to 
-(m)it 
former 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one to whom belonged 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 
waħšiʔaƛ 
waħšiƛ 
discard 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he threw away  
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 
qaħšiƛukʔi 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
which had killed im 
t̉an̉a 
t̉an̉a 
child 
child 

The man took the child who belonged to him and he threw away the bow which killed the child.

128.475
kuuw̉iɬaƛ 
kuuw̉iɬ 
steal 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he stole it 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
huptsaap̉aƛ 
huptsaap 
hide s.t. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
hiding it 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

The young man stole and hid the bow.

128.476
ʕiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʕiiħšiƛ 
start to cry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to cry 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 
ʔuʔuuyuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔuʔuuyuk 
cry for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
crying for 
muustatakʔi 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his bow 

The child began to cry, crying for his bow.

128.477
pawaɬšiʔaƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was lost 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 
kuuw̉iɬʔaƛ 
kuuw̉iɬ 
steal 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
stolen 
ƛaʔuuqħʔaƛ 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
by another 
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
taken 

This bow was lost, stolen by another one who took it.

128.478
n̉aačukšiʔaƛ 
n̉aačukšiƛ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started looking 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
muustatakitʔi 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow of 
t̉an̉eʔisʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ʔis 
DIM 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the little child 

This man (older chief) started looking for the bow of the little child.

128.479
wiikaʔat 
wiikaƛ 
not find 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was not found 
n̉aačuk̉ʷaƛ̉at 
n̉aačuk 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was looked for 
pawaɬšiʔaƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was lost 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 

The bow could not be found. though it was looked for, it was lost.

128.480
ʔaƛčiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
two days passed now 
n̉aačuk 
n̉aačuk 
look for 
looking for 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
hayimħiqa 
hayimħi 
not know 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
they did not know 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
yaquusi 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-(w)uusi 
3.Rel.Dub 
who he might be 
kuuw̉iɬ 
kuuw̉iɬ 
steal 
stealing it 

He looked for two days but many people did not know who stole it.

128.481
n̉aačuk̉ʷaƛquuweʔin 
n̉aačuk 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would look for it 
ʔam̉iiʔaƛquu 
ʔam̉ii 
next day 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
when it was the next day 
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
taking a long time 

He kept looking day after day for a long time.

pg. 12 begins below

128.482
wik 
wik 
not 
he did not 
hiniip̉at 
hiniip 
get 
-ˀat 
PASS 
get it 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

He did not get the bow.

128.483
takʷaa 
takʷa 
exclusively that 
exclusively so 
č̉an̉iimaħ 
č̉an̉iˑ 
not see 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I haven't seen it 
wawaa 
wawaa 
say 
saying 
č̉an̉ii 
č̉an̉iˑ 
not see 
not see 
qʷicaỷapuusi 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-caʔap 
go to 
-(w)uusi 
3.Rel.Dub 
where he threw it to 
waħšiƛ 
waħšiƛ 
discard 
discarding it 

Everyone did so saying "I haven't seen it"; they did not see where he had thrown it away.

128.484
yaaʔak̉ap̉aƛ 
yaaʔak̉ap 
feel bad 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he felt bad 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
pawaɬšiƛqa 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that had lost 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
this 
this 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

The chief who had lost this bow felt sore.

128.485
kʷisqʔičħšiʔaƛ 
kʷisqʔičħšiƛ 
the next year 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
the next year 
yaaɬ 
yaaɬ 
there 
there 
n̉ačuʔaɬʔat 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀat 
PASS 
there was seen 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
a person 
ʔunaakqa 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
they had 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

The next year, there was seen a person who had the bow.

128.486
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
there was no one 
ʔunaak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
having 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
ʔaanasa 
ʔana 
only 
-sasa 
only [L] 
only the one 
pawaɬšiƛukʔi 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who lost his 

There was no one (else) but only the one who lost his.

128.487
n̉aačsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
yaacšiƛquu 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-quu1 
3.CND 
if he would go 
ʔuucsʔaƛ 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
muustatiquu 
muustati 
bow 
-quu1 
3.CND 
what might be a bow 

The man (chief) saw if he would go off and had along with him what might be a bow.

128.488
n̉aačsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
yaacšiƛqa 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
going 
ʔunaak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
having it 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 

The man went to see who had the bow.

128.489
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told now 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
Obj. Marker 
refer to 
qaħsaapʔaaqƛqa 
qaħsaap 
kill 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that they should kill him 
yaqʷacuusi 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ac1 
belong to 
-(w)uusi 
3.Rel.Dub 
whom it belongs to 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

The chief told the wolves to kill the one who had the bow.

128.490
ʔuħč̉aaʕaš 
ʔuħ 
is 
-č̉aˑʕaš 
3.INFER 
it was the one it seems 
kuuw̉iɬ 
kuuw̉iɬ 
steal 
stealing 
yaqʷacʔaaqƛii 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ac1 
belong to 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
the one to whom it belonged 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

It was the one who stole the bow from whom it belonged.

128.491
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
go along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going along 
q̉aanaaƛ̉akʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
wolves 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 

The chief went to his two wolves.

128.492
ʔuukʷaỷiiħʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷaỷiiħ 
try to get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was trying to get him 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
qaħsaap̉im 
qaħsaap 
kill 
-ˀim2 
2s>3.FUT IMP 
you will kill him 
ʔuucsquu 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-quu1 
3.CND 
if he is carrying it 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
the man 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 

He was in pursuit of the person: "kill the person if he carries along the bow!" said the man.

pg. 13 begins below

128.493
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
ƛaawasʔiiħʔaƛ 
ƛaawasʔiiħ 
follow closely behind 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
following closely behind 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

Then they followed closely in pursuit of the man.

128.494
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
go along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went along 
q̉aanaaƛ̉akʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
wolves 

His wolves went along.

128.495
n̉ačuʔaɬʔaƛ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they saw 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 
kamatsap̉aƛ 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
finding out 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔunaak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
having 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
qaħsaap̉aƛ 
qaħsaap 
kill 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they killed them 
quuʔasitʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
-(m)it 
former 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the former man 

The wolves saw and found out who had the bow and killed the man.

128.496
haʔukšiʔaƛ 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they began to eat 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves began to eat.

128.497
yaaɬʔaƛ 
yaaɬ 
there 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there 
ʔiiħʔaƛuk 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his was big 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

There his bow was big.

Patterned after the one he had stolen.

128.498
qʷaaʔaƛuk 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his was thus 
qʷaamitʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which he had done so 
pawaɬšiƛitʔi 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had lost it 
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
took it 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

Therefore, his was the lost one that the man had taken the bow.

128.499
k̉ʷaaɬiičʔitap 
k̉ʷaaɬiičʔitap 
be covered up with brush on the ground 
he covered him with branches on the ground 
qaħšiƛʔi 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had died 

He put branches over the dead one on the ground.

128.500
haʔukšiƛ 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
they were eating 
q̉aanaaƛ̉eʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the wolves 

The wolves were eating.

128.501
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
q̉aanaaƛ̉akʔi 
q̉aanaaƛ̉a 
wolf 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
wolves 

The man went home along with his wolves.

128.502
weʔičuʔaƛ 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to sleep 
kuʔiičiƛ 
kuʔiičiƛ 
become daylight 
becoming daylight 

They slept in the morning.

128.503
pawaɬšiƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
miss s.o. 
he was missing. 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
person 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 

One person was missing.

128.504
n̉aačukšiʔaƛ̉at 
n̉aačukšiƛ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they started looking for him 
čaani 
čaani 
at first 
at first 
qaačc̉uuʔat 
qacc̉a 
three 
-uwa 
act together with [L] 
-ˀat 
PASS 
three were doing together 
n̉aačuk̉ʷat 
n̉aačuk 
look for 
-ˀat 
PASS 
looking for him 

They started to look for him, at first, three were looking for him.

128.505
ʔam̉iičiƛ 
ʔam̉iičiƛ 
be next morning 
next morning 
ʔaayuuʔaƛ̉at 
ʔaayuu 
many do together 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
many did so together 
n̉aačuk̉ʷat 
n̉aačuk 
look for 
-ˀat 
PASS 
looking for him 

The next day, many did together looking for him.

128.506
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they did not 
hayimħat 
hayimħi 
not know 
-ˀat 
PASS 
not know 
qʷisii 
qʷis 
do thus 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what happened 
qaħšiƛquu 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-quu1 
3.CND 
if he died 
qayaačiƛquu 
qayaačiƛ 
drift away 
-quu1 
3.CND 
if he drifted away 
c̉aʔakʔi 
c̉aʔakʷ 
river 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the river 
hat̉iiskʷačiƛquu 
hat̉iis 
bathe 
-kʷačiƛ1 
do completely 
-quu1 
3.CND 
if it was caused by bathing 

They did not know what became of him, whether he died or drifted away in the river or if this was caused by bathing.

pg. 14 begins here

128.507
wik̉iit 
wik̉iit 
disappear 
it had disappeared 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 
wiik̉iit 
wik̉iit 
disappear 
he was missing 
pawaɬšiʔaƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
being lost 
quuʔasitʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
-(m)it 
former 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the former person 
ʔaayuuʔat 
ʔaayuu 
many do together 
-ˀat 
PASS 
the many doing together 
n̉aačuk̉ʷat 
n̉aačuk 
look for 
-ˀat 
PASS 
looking for him 

The canoe had disappeared, the lost person was missing, many were looking for him together.

128.508
ħayučiɬšiʔaƛ 
ħayu 
ten 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was now ten days 
hawiiʔaƛ̉at 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they finished 
n̉aačuk̉ʷat 
n̉aačuk 
look for 
-ˀat 
PASS 
looking for him 
qaħšiƛʔi 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had died 

After ten days had elapsed, they finished looking for the dead one.

128.509
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
yaqʷacʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ac1 
belong to 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
to whom belonged 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 
yaqʔiitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one who 
kamatsap̉ap 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
caused them to learn about 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

The young man went home with the bow which he owned and which he had caused them to learn about.

Alex says not: kamatsap as in original

128.510
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
he went to 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
ƛ̉aasʕaʔaaɬ 
Always-sliding-down 
Always-sliding-down 

He went to Always-sliding-down.

128.511
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took her along 
ɬuucsmaak 
ɬuucsma 
wife 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his wife 
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
t̉an̉aak 
t̉an̉a 
child 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his children 
qačc̉aak 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his three 
taakʷaʔak 
takʷa 
only 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his were only 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔis 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
little young men 

He took along his wife and his three children, his were only little young men.

128.512
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 

They went home.

128.513
ʔuyuʔaɬʔaƛ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he saw 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
there were many 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bows 
hiɬħʔitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where there were 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
invent 
invented 
wik̉iinitqa 
wik̉iit 
eliminate 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
being none before 

He saw that there were many bows there where before he introduced it, there were none.

meaning provided in original : invented: 'as there were none before'.

*Al : kamatsap̉ap * (ES) It shows that Bob really did mean : kamatsap̉ap

128.514
yaakšiʔaƛ 
yaakšiƛ 
be sore 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was sore 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔaya 
ʔaya 
many 
there were many 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bows 

The young man was sore of mind that there were many bows.

128.515
ʔačaqitħa 
ʔača 
who? 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-ħaˑ1 
3.INTERR 
who was it? 
n̉ɔɔw̉i 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
father 
ʔiiqħuk 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
telling about 
muustatakqas 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-qaˑs 
1s.SUB 
my bow 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
t̉an̉eʔi 
t̉an̉a 
child 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the child 

"Who was it, father! who told about my bow?" the son said.

128.516
siỷaaqitaħ 
siỷaaq 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
it was me 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 

"It was me," the father said.

128.517
ʔaqisħitħak 
ʔaqis2 
why? 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-ħaˑk 
2s.INTERR 
why did you do so? 
ʔiiqħuk 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
telling 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
wimaksiɬameʔic 
wimaksiɬa 
do wrong 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you have done wrong 

"Why did you tell?" he said. "You have not done right."

*Better (Al.) wimaksiɬameʔic :" you have not done right"; wimakšiƛeʔic in the original

128.518
ʕiħakita 
ʕiħakʷ 
cry 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-(y)aˑ 
IMPF 
he was crying 
ʔaasi 
ʔaasiiqsu 
niece/nephew 
nephew 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 

"Your nephew was crying," said the father.

pg. 15 begins here

128.519
ʔayaap̉i 
ʔayaap 
do a lot 
-ˀiˑ2 
2s>3.IMPER 
do a lot! 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
ʔayiiỷap̉aƛ 
ʔayiiỷap 
make a lot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made a lot of 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bows 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making them 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 

"Make many!" he (the father-in-law) said and many bows were made.

He gave up trying to keep it secret.

128.520
ʔiiħʔap 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
he made big 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bows 

He made big bows.

128.521
kamatsap̉aƛ 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he found out 
qʷeeʔiitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what is thus 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
ʔuʔuʔiiħỷak 
ʔuʔuuʔiiħỷakʷ2 
hunting implement 
hunting implement 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
ʔuʔuʔiiħỷak 
ʔuʔuuʔiiħỷakʷ2 
hunting implement 
hunting implement 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 
ʔuʔuʔiiħỷaksap̉aƛ 
ʔuʔuuʔiiħỷakʷ2 
hunting implement 
-sap 
GRD.CAUS [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making hunting implement for 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 

He found out how these (bows) should be for hunting deer, for hunting bears, for hunting elks.

128.522
c̉awiic 
c̉awaˑ 
one 
-iic 
belong to 
it belonged to him alone 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
plan 
the invention 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
he was making 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

The invention (thought) of making bows belonged to the young man alone.

c̉awiics 'carrying along one'

128.523
ʔucħimaʕiiqstuʔaƛ̉atuk 
ʔucħimaʕiiqstawiƛ 
want to marry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
POSS 
then someone wanted to marry his 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛukʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his son 

Then someone wanted to marry his son.

128.524
ʔuħʔatuk 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
-uk 
POSS 
it was to his 
ħaakʷaaƛukʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his daughter 
ƛaʔuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
another 
ħaw̉iɬ 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
chief 
ʔunaakʔi 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
daughter 

It was the daughter of another chief who had a daughter.

128.525
ɬučħaaʔaƛ 
ɬučħaa 
go for marriage 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went for marriage 
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
giving it 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
ʔiiħ 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
very 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
tupaati 
tupaati 
ceremonial privilege 
ceremonial privilege 

He gave the bow, the big bow he had made as a ceremonial privelege for bridal purchase.

Aleck states: "This seems to be example of handing over ceremonial privilege to father-in-law as bridal purchase. This would sound very strange for Tsishaath, but Huup. long ago had quite distinct customs.

128.526
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he held it 
muustatakʔi 
muustati 
bow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his bow 
ħakʷaƛnakʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
-naˑkʷ 
have 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had his daughter 
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
ɬučħeeʔi 
ɬučħaa 
pay bride price 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the ones going for marriage 

The one who had the daughter held his bow, taking it along as brideprice.

128.527
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
muusqšiƛʔaaqƛ 
muusqšiƛ 
string a bow 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
they should string it 

He (the young man) said that they should string it.

128.528
kamatsap 
kamatsap 
realize 
they realised 
maʔasʔi 
maʔas 
tribe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tribe 
qʷaaʔakʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
that which  
tupaati 
tupaati 
ceremonial privilege 
ceremonial privilege 
ɬučħaaỷak 
ɬučħaaỷakʷ 
marriage privilege 
marriage privilege 

The tribe found out what his bridal purchase tupaati was.

128.529
hiniiʔaƛ̉at 
hinii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was given 
ħaakʷaaƛʔi 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young woman 

It was given to the young woman.

128.530
ʔuuciičiʔaƛ 
ʔuuciičiƛ 
get 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got it 
n̉uw̉iiqsuʔi 
n̉uw̉iˑqsu 
father 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the father 
ʔunaakitʔi 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who had her 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
daughter 
daughter 

The father who had the daughter got (the tupaati).

pg. 16 begins here

128.531
ʔuuksnaaʕaɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔuuksnaaʕaɬšiƛ 
handle 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to handle it 

Then he started to handle (the bow).

128.532
n̉an̉aan̉ičšiʔaƛ 
n̉an̉aan̉ičššiƛ 
examine s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he examined it 
muusqšiʔaƛ 
muusqšiƛ 
string a bow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he strung it 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man examined how to string the bow.

128.533
ʕaššiʔaƛ 
ʕaššiƛ 
snap 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it snapped 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
maqiic̉animʔi 
maqiic̉anim 
bowstring 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the bowstring 

This bowstring snapped.

128.534
qasii 
qasii 
eye 
it was the eye 
ʔuʔiiʔat 
ʔuʔii 
go to 
-ˀat 
INAL 
it went into his 
ʔuusaaħat 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀat 
PASS 
because 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʕašc̉inƛukqa 
ʕašc̉inawiƛ 
snap into s.t. 
-uk 
POSS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
snap into s.t. 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

It was his eye that it went into because his (bowstring) had snapped off the bow.

eye was before the verb in the original: passive construction.

128.535
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
he died 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
qaħšiƛsa 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-sasa 
precisely [L] 
he really died 

The man died, really dying.

128.536
ʔaƛčiiɬʔat 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was two days 
naaw̉aħat 
naaw̉aħi 
wait for 
-ˀat 
PASS 
waiting 
tiičačiƛquu 
tiičačiƛ 
come to life 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that he would come back to life 

For two days, they waited for him to come alive.

128.537
ħuutc̉iɬuɬʔap̉at 
ħuutc̉iɬuɬʔap 
splash water in s.o.'s face 
-ˀat 
PASS 
water was thrown in his face 
č̉aʔak 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
water 
wik 
wik 
not 
not 
tiičačiƛ 
tiičačiƛ 
come to life 
come to life 

Water was thrown in his face, but he did not come alive.

One can really have this happen to one with old Huupachas < k̉ašimɬ>, if one is not careful in stringing it. Line may slip past its notch and then bow is apt to snap back with one of its upturned ends at your eye. They say that most noted Hachaath warrior was so killed. In playing with k̉ašimɬ boys were always told to be careful about stringing it.

128.538
qiʔiip̉at 
qiʔiip 
take away 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he was taken away 
waħšiʔat 
waħšiƛ 
discard 
-ˀat 
PASS 
discarded 
p̉iyačiʔaƛ 
p̉iyačiƛ 
go bad 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was bad 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 
qaħsaap 
qaħsaap 
kill 
killing 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

He was taken away and the bow was discarded as bad since it had killed a person.

128.539
n̉upqʔičħšiʔaƛ 
DUP- 
SUF 
-qʔiˑčħ 
for ... years 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was for one year 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
it disappeared 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 

For one year, the bow disappeared.

128.540
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
yaqʷacʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ac1 
belong to 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one to whom belonged 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
idea of 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
making 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bows 
ʔayiiỷap̉aƛƛaa 
ʔayiiỷap 
make a lot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he again started making a lot 
ɬaakʷiqnakšiƛqa 
ɬaakʷiqnakšiƛ 
be in miserable state 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
since they would be in a miserable state 
ħisiɬiičiʔaaħ 
ħisiɬiičiƛ 
become unable to 
-ˀaaħ 
IRR 
unable to 
ʔuuỷip 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
catching 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 

And then the one who owned the idea of making bows made many again because they would become poor if they were unable to hunt deer and black bear.

128.541
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛƛaa 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he was making them again 

He was making them again.

128.542
ƛaħʔaƛ 
ƛaħʷ 
at present 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
now it was 
ʔayaaƛuk 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
he had many now 

This time he made many.

128.543
ʔuʔiip̉aƛquuweʔin 
ʔuʔiip 
give to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would give it to him 
m̉aɬt̉iiʔakʔi 
m̉aɬt̉ii 
relative by marriage 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his relative by marriage 
qaacii 
qaaciˑ 
give present 
giving as a present 

He would give it to his son's father-in-law as a present.

pg. 17 begins here

128.544
ħačỷaak̉aƛquuweʔin 
ħačỷaakʷ 
gift visit 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would go on a visit 
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
getting much 

He would go and bring many (bows) as presents.

128.545
ʔič̉ačiʔaƛ 
ʔiič̉ačiƛ 
bring back into use 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was brought back into use 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
wiic̉iqnakšiʔaƛ 
wiiciqnakšiƛ 
cease being in need 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
ceasing to be in need 
haʔuk 
haʔuk 
eat 
eating 
ʔuʔiisčiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔiisšiƛ 
start to eat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
started to eat 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

It (the bow) was brought into use again and they ceased lacking deer to eat, starting to eat again.

128.546
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
c̉awaak̉aƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
then the one did so 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
invent 
inventing it 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
young man 
ƛuuyaỷap 
ƛuyaỷap 
improve 
improved  
c̉iiħatakʔi 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his arrows 

And then the one young man with the idea made good improvements to his arrows.

128.547
qʷaaʔap 
qʷaaʔap 
do thus 
he did so 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ƛuuyaỷap 
ƛuyaỷap 
improve 
improved them 

He made improvements.

128.548
ƛ̉upaaɬačiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉upaaɬačiƛ 
heat up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it heated up 
kʷiiʔiħtanupqa 
kʷiiʔiħtanawup 
sharpen the end 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
when sharpening the ends 
qʷiiššiʔaƛ 
qʷiiššiƛ 
make smoke 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making smoke 

They (arrows) heated up as he sharpened their ends, beginning to smoke.

128.549
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he thought about it 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
t̉aat̉aapatħičiʔaƛ 
t̉at̉aapatħičiƛ 
think s.t. over 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to think about his work 

The young man thought about it, beginning to think about his work.

128.550
qʷisʔap̉aƛ 
qʷiisʔap 
do thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he did thus 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
miInterlinmiInterlinsap̉aƛ 
miInterlinmiInterlinsap 
turning around back and forth 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
turning around back and forth 

He did so to it, turning it around back and forth.

128.551
wikweeʔin 
wik 
not 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it didn't  
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
take a long time 
qʷiiššiʔaƛ 
qʷiiššiƛ 
make smoke 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making smoke 

It didn't take a long time, it began to smoke.

128.552
sukʷiƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
he took 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
pisuusʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tinder 
qʷisʔap 
qʷis 
do thus 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
doing thus 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ƛuuyaỷap 
ƛuyaỷap 
do nicely 
making it good 

The young man took the tinder, making it good.

pisuus "box cedar"

128.553
ʔucaỷap̉aƛ 
ʔucaỷap 
take to swh 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took it 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
uh 
uh 
pisuusʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tinder 

He took the tinder.

128.554
tiki 
tiki 
tiki 
tiki 

tiki tiki tiki tiki

Sound of fire-drill.

128.555
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it went to 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
pisuusʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tinder 
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛ 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
start to burn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it started to burn 

The tinder went into the fire, starting to burn.

128.556
ʔuucuuʔuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔuucuʔuk 
go toward 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it went toward 
pisuusʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tinder 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 

The tinder went into the fire.

128.557
puuxšiʔaƛ 
puuxšiƛ 
blow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he blew into it 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛ 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
start to burn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it started to burn 
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to have 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 

The man blew into it, starting it burning, getting to have fire.

pg. 18 begins here

128.558
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
there was no 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
huuʔak 
huuʔakʷ 
long ago 
long ago 

Long ago there was no fire.

128.559
ʔaƛiic 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-iic 
belong to 
it belonged to two 
ʔaƛaʕaštqa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-ʕašt 
obtain by 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
the two that had obtained it 
ʔuwiiỷip̉aƛqa 
ʔuwiiỷip 
obtain first 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that had first obtained it 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
ʔuʔakƛi 
ʔuʔakƛi 
last 
later he did so 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
he thought about 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛʔi 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the making of it 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 

The bow belonged to two people who first discovered it, later thinking about making fire.

128.560
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛ 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
set on the fire 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to have fire 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man began to have fire.

128.561
hayaaʔak̉aƛ̉atuk 
hayaaʔakʷ 
not know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
POSS 
they did not know about his 
qʷiʔuuktukuusi 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-ʔuˑkt 
obtain 
-uk 
IMPF 
-(w)uusi 
3.Rel.Dub 
how he had obtained 
qʷiqukʷii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-uk 
POSS 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what his was 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
called 
ʔinkʔii 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the fire 

They did not know about what his was obtained from, that which was called 'fire'.

128.562
ƛaħʔaƛ 
ƛaħʷ 
recently 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
later he did 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
wawiičiʔaƛ 
wawiičiƛ 
start to say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to say 
ʕimtnaaksap̉aƛ 
ʕimtnaaksap 
give s.o. a name 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
giving a name to 
ʔinkʔii 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the fire 
wawiičiʔaƛ 
wawiičiƛ 
start to say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started to say 

Later he named it, giving it the name 'fire'.

128.563
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to have 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 
pisuusʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tinder 
yaqʔiitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one who 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
invent 
invented 
ʔunaakšiƛʔi 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who got to have it 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
uh 
uh 
ʔaanaakweʔin 
ʔana 
thus much 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
his was thus much in length 
pisuus 
pisuus 
tinder 
tinder 

The man got to have the tinder for the one which was invented as fire, his tinder was that much in length.

128.564
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
uh 
uh 
ʔanikituk 
ʔanikʷit 
thickness 
-uk 
POSS 
his was that thick 
maƛħsaaʔak 
maƛħsaa 
tied bundle 
-ˀak 
POSS 
tied in bundles 

His was that thick, tied in bundles.

128.565
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to have 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
ʔink̉ʷaỷap̉aƛquuweʔin 
ʔink̉ʷaỷap 
light a fire 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would light a fire 
pisuusukʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his tinder 
weʔičuʔaƛquu 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
when going to sleep 

The man got to have fire and would light up his tinder when he went to sleep.

128.566
ʔink̉aƛukquuweʔin 
ʔinkʷ 
burn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
then his would burn  
ʔatħiiii 
ʔatħii 
night 
all night 
pisuusukʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his tinder 

Then his tinder would burn all night.

128.567
kuʔiičiʔaƛquuweʔin 
kuʔiičiƛ 
become daylight 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
when it became daylight 
hišimỷuup̉aƛquuweʔin 
hišimỷawup 
gather  
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would gather up 
tumiisʔi 
tumiˑs 
charcoal 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the charcoal 
ʔinkʷiiɬn̉aħaƛquu 
ʔinkʷiiɬn̉aħi 
be about to make a fire 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
when he was about to make a fire 

During the morning, he would gather the charcoal when he was about to make fire.

pg. 19 begins here

128.568
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took 
ƛ̉aqaptʔi 
ƛ̉aqapt 
leaf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the leaves 
ƛ̉ušukʔi 
ƛ̉ušuk 
dry 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the dry 
puuxšiʔaƛ 
puuxšiƛ 
blow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
blowing 
pisuusʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tinder 

He took dry leaves and blew at the tinder.

128.569
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
start to light up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it would blaze up 
č̉uħiiỷap̉aƛquuweʔin 
č̉uħiiỷap 
extinguish a fire 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
then he would put it out 
pisuusukʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his tinder 
qʷaaʔaƛquuweʔin 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
so that he would do thus 
ʔam̉iičiʔaƛquu 
ʔam̉iičiƛ 
be next morning 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
when it was the next morning 
ʔink̉ʷaỷap 
ʔink̉ʷaỷap 
light a fire 
set a fire 
pisuusukʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his tinder 

The fire would blazed up, then he would put out his tinder so that the next day he could set a fire with his tinder.

128.570
n̉aasšiʔaƛquuweʔin 
n̉aasšiƛ 
dawn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
when day came 
ʔuuʔiʔaƛ̉atquuweʔin 
ʔuuʔiƛ1 
go for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they would go to him for 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
histaqšiʔat 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-ˀat 
PASS 
coming from  
ƛaʔuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
other 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
houses 

When the day came, they would go to him for fire, coming to him from other houses.

128.571
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
hunt for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they began to hunt for 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 

Then they went out to hunt deer.

128.572
kamatsap̉aƛ 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they found out 
muustatiʔi 
muustati 
bow 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bow 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
našuk 
našuk 
strong 
strong 

They found out that the bow was very strong.

128.573
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took along 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
three 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bows 

The young man took along three bows.

128.574
muuc̉iquk 
muu 
four 
-c̉iq1 
... long objects 
-uk 
IMPF 
they had four 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 
č̉uučk 
č̉uučk 
all 
all 
muu 
muu 
four 
four 
quqʷaasʔi 
quuʔas 
person.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
people 

All four people had four arrows.

quuʔasʔi in original.

128.575
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 

The young men went to the mountain.

128.576
ʔuyuʔaɬʔaƛ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they saw 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 

They saw a bear.

128.577
k̉uuqšiʔaƛ 
k̉uuqšiƛ 
move stealthily 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
moving stealthily 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 

The young men moved stealthily up to it.

128.578
ƛ̉ičiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉ičiƛ 
shoot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they start shooting 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
three 

The three young men started shooting arrows.

128.579
ƛ̉iỷaqstuʔaƛ 
ƛ̉iỷaqstawiƛ 
shoot into 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was shot 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 

The bear was shot.

128.580
ƛ̉iixʷaaʔaƛ 
ƛ̉iixʷaa 
laughing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were laughing 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ƛ̉iỷaqstuƛqa 
ƛ̉iỷaqstawiƛ 
shoot into 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he had been shot 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 

They young men laughed that the bear got shot.

128.581
ƛ̉iixʷaamitqa 
ƛ̉iixʷaa 
laughing 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
they had been laughing 
hiniisšiƛ 
hiniisšiƛ 
take along 
taking along 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 

They had been laughing when taking along the bow.

They thought it was a mere plaything.

128.582
qaħšiʔaƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he died 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 

The bear died.

pg. 20 begins above

128.583
čiičiʔaƛ 
čiičiƛ 
pull 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started pulling 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 
čiiƛčiiya 
čiiƛčiiya 
pulling 
pulling 
muuyuu 
muu 
four 
-yuˑ 
...-ed 
four 
quuʔasm̉inħʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the people 

The young men started pulling the bear, the four people pulling it.

128.584
hitinqsan̉ap̉aƛ 
hitinqsan̉ap 
take down to the beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they took it down to the beach 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 
ʔinksỷi 
ʔinksỷi 
wooden 
wooden 
tapkʷaak 
tapkʷaˑkʷ 
raft 
raft 

They took it down the slope onto the beach, making a wooden raft.

128.585
wik̉iit 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
there were no 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoes 

There were no canoes yet.

128.586
ƛ̉ušasʔap 
ƛ̉ušasʔap 
dry s.t on a surface 
they dried them on 
ʔinksỷim̉inħʔis 
ʔinksỷi 
stick 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
-ʔis 
DIM 
the little sticks 
ʔačʔinħʔis 
ʔačknaħ 
small.pl 
-ʔis 
DIM 
small ones 

They dried the little sticks.

singular form: ʔačknaħʔis ; original: ʔačʔinħʔis

128.587
hinaasip̉aƛ 
hiinaasip 
put in place on a surface 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they put them 
tapkʷaakukʔi 
tapkʷaˑkʷ 
raft 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
on their raft 

They put them on their raft.

Apparently to keep the bear dry.

128.588
ƛiiħšiʔaƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
-[L] 
GRAD 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they set off 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
ʔuuħw̉aɬʔaƛ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
using 
k̉ʷask̉ʷiitʔi 
k̉ʷask̉ʷiit 
broken twig/tree limb 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
broken limb of tree 
ƛiiħak 
ƛiiħakʷ 
paddle 
paddling 

The young men paddled off, using the broken tree limb for paddling.

128.589
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 

The young men went home.

128.590
hitasaʔaƛ 
hitasaʔaƛ 
come to shore 
they came to shore 
sukʷiʔaƛ̉at 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
taking hold of it 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 

They came to the shore, taking hold of the bear.

128.591
mInterlinšiƛ 
mInterlinšiƛ 
turn around 
they turned around 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 
ʔeeʔeeʔiša 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
doing quickly 
mInterlinšiƛ 
mInterlinšiƛ 
turn around 
turning around 

They turned the bear quickly.

128.592
k̉acqšiʔaƛ 
k̉acqšiƛ 
tear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he tore it 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
tukʷaʕatʔi 
tukʷaq 
skin 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his skin 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ʔuusaaħaƛ 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because of 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 
kʷikʷinksatʔi 
kʷikʷinksu 
hand 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
its hands (claws) 

Now, the man tore his skin because of the bear's claws.

128.593
p̉iyačiʔaƛ 
p̉iyačiƛ 
go bad 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was hurt 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
yaakšiʔatqa 
yaakšiƛ 
be sore 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he became sore 
k̉acqšiʔatqa 
k̉acqšiƛ 
tear 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
since it was torn 
tukʷaʕatʔi 
tukʷaq 
skin 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his skin 

The person was hurt, becoming sore, as his skin was torn.

128.594
yayaač̉apšiʔaƛ 
yayaač̉apšiƛ 
feel pain 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he felt much pain 

Now he got to have much pain.

128.595
weʔičuʔaƛ 
weeʔičuƛ 
fall asleep 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to sleep 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man went to sleep.

128.596
puuw̉icšiʔaƛ 
puuw̉icšiƛ 
dream of 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he dreamt of 
ʔuʔuutuɬʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuutuɬ 
dream 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
dreaming of 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʕuỷiyatqa 
ʕuỷiya 
give medicine 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he had been given medicine 
ʔuħʔat 
ʔuħʔat 
by 
by 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 

Now he was dreaming of the medicine that he had been given by the bear.

Better (Al): ʕuỷiyatqa ; original is: ʕuỷiyiqa

128.597
wikʔaaqƛeʔic 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)eˑʔic 
2s.IND 
you will not do so 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
die 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he said 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 

"You will not die," said the bear.

pg. 21 begins above

128.598
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got to have 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ƛupkšiʔaƛ 
ƛupkšiƛ 
wake up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
waking up 
kamat̉ap̉aƛ 
kamat̉ap 
know 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he knew 
ʕuỷiʔi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the medicine 

The man got to have the medicine and woke up, coming to know about the medicine.

128.599
ʕuỷičiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʕuuỷičiiɬšiƛ 
start to make medicine 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to make medicine 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

Then the man began to make medicine.

original was ʕuỷiiɬšiʔaƛ : (Al) says there is no such word.

128.600
ʕuỷiisʔaƛ̉at 
ʕuỷiis 
apply medicine on 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
he applied medicine to (his injury) 
ʔatħiiʔi 
ʔatħii 
night 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
at night 

He applied medicine to it (his injury) at night.

128.601
n̉aasšiʔaƛ 
n̉aasšiƛ 
dawn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it dawned 
ƛuɬʔaƛ̉at 
ƛuɬ 
happy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
he was happy 
wik̉iit̉aƛ̉at 
wik̉iit 
disappear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it disappeared 
yaaʔak̉aanitʔi 
yaaʔakʷ 
sore 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
that which was causing him pain 

When day came, he was happy since that which had given him pain had disappeared.

128.602
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it gave him 
ʕuỷiʔi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the medicine 

It was the bear that gave him the medicine.

128.603
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ʔuyiweʔin 
ʔuyi 
when 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
then it was 
kamatsap 
kamatsap 
realize 
realised 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 
ʔuucuk 
ʔuucuk 
give 
given to him 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 

In this way, therefore the man realized the medicine was given to him by the bear.

*ʔuucsasakaħ " mine was obtained as gift from just so and so" -> ʔuucuk = ʔuuc 'belong to' +uk '-of"

128.604
ʔayiičiʔaƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his came to be a lot of 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 
muučiʔaƛuk 
muu 
four 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
his became four 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicines 
muusaaħtak 
muu 
four 
-saˑħtakʷ 
... kind(s) 
four kinds of 

He came to have a lot of medicine, having four different kinds of medicine.

128.605
puuw̉icʔukt̉aƛuk 
puuw̉icʔukt 
obtain in dream 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
he obtained his by dreaming 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 
ʔuuc̉aƛuk 
ʔuuc 
belong to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
belonging to 
čimsʔii 
čims 
black bear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bear 

He was dreaming about obtaining medicine belonging to the bear.

128.606
ʔayiičiʔaƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his became many 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 

He got a lot of medicine.

128.607
qačc̉iičiʔaƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were three 
t̉aat̉aapata 
t̉aat̉aapata 
be planning 
thinking 
ʔuwiiqa 
ʔuwii 
be first 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
it was first 
ʔukʷiiɬʔi 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one making it 
muustati 
muustati 
bow 
bow 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
ʔukʷiiɬʔi 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one making it 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
ʔunaakšiƛʔi 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who got to have it 
ʕuỷi 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
medicine 

The three were always thinking, the one who first made the bow, and then the one who made fire and the one who got the medicine.

128.608
ƛaħʔuyaƛ 
ƛaħʔuyi 
recently 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
later he did 
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they thought of 
ʔukʷiiɬquu 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-quu1 
3.CND 
making 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
a canoe 

Later, they thought of making a canoe.

128.609
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 
hamuut̉atʔi 
hamuut 
bone 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bone of 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 
ʔaħkuuʔatʔi 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who was thus 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 
qaỷapt̉atʔi 
qaỷapt̉a 
leg 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his leg 

The men worked with the bone of elk, the leg of the elk.

pg. 21 begins above

128.610
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
hamuut̉atʔi 
hamuut 
bone 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bone of 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 
kʷiiƛkʷiiya 
kʷiiƛkʷiiya 
sharpening 
sharpening 

The man made it by sharpening the elk bone.

128.611
ƛuyačiƛuk 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be happy 
-uk 
IMPF 
he was happy his was so 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 
sačkačiƛuk 
sačkačiƛ 
become sharp 
-uk 
POSS 
his became sharp 

The man was happy his became sharp.

128.612
ʔun̉aaħšiʔaƛ 
ʔun̉aaħšiƛ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went looking for 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 

He went looking for a stone.

128.613
yaacukšiʔaƛ 
yaacukšiƛ 
start walking 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started walking 
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
getting 
ỷaaq 
ỷaˑq 
long 
long 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 

He started to walk around to get a long stone.

128.614
čamaɬc̉a 
čamaɬc̉a 
be suitable for 
it was suitable for 
c̉iickc̉iicka 
c̉iickc̉iicka 
be pounding 
pounding 
ƛ̉aqaʕas 
ƛ̉aqaʕas 
tree 
tree 

It was suitable for hammering trees.

128.615
ʔuuxsapšiʔaƛ 
ʔuuxsapšiƛ 
fell a tree 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he felled a tree 

He felled it (the tree).

ʔuuxsaap̉aƛ : he felled it.

128.616
ʔeʔim 
ʔeʔim 
at first 
he was the first 
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
invent 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
think of it 

He was the first to think of it.

128.617
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
ʔuuxsap 
ʔuuxsap 
fell a tree 
he felled the tree 
c̉uuxc̉uuxʷa 
c̉uuxc̉uuxʷa 
be chiselling 
chiselling it 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
using it 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
bone chisel 
bone chisel 
wawaamita 
wawaa 
say 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
they said 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

For a long time, he felled a tree, then chiselling with the leg-bone, people used to say.

128.618
qʷiiqʷiiƛ̉itqaweʔin 
qʷiiqʷiiƛ̉itqa 
be chiselling 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
be chiselling 

He was chiselling away.

128.619
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
qʷiiqʷiiƛ̉itqa 
qʷiiqʷiiƛ̉itqa 
be chiselling 
be chiselling 
ʔuxšiʔaƛ 
ʔuxšiƛ2 
fall over 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
felling  
ƛ̉aqaʕasʔi 
ƛ̉aqaʕas 
tree 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tree 
ʔuxšiʔaƛ 
ʔuxšiƛ2 
fall over 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
felling 
ħumiisʔi 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedar 

For a long time, he was chiselling, felling a tree, a red cedar.

128.620
ɬaaħšiʔaƛ 
ɬaaħšiƛ 
measure by fathoms 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he measured by fathoms 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ʔaanaaqƛukʷii 
ʔana 
thus much 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-uk 
IMPF 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
how long his would be 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

The man measured by spreading out his arms for how long his canoe would be.

128.621
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was thinking 
ƛaʔuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 

The other young man was thinking.

128.622
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was thinking 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 
ƛanat 
ƛanat 
wedge 
wedges 
muučiƛuk 
muu 
four 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-uk 
IMPF 
he made four 
ƛanat 
ƛanat 
wedge 
wedges 
ƛaacƛiičiʔaƛ 
ƛaacƛiičiƛ 
start driving wedges 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started driving (wedges) 
c̉uxħtačiʔaƛ 
c̉uxħtačiƛ 
chisel apart 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was chiselled apart 
ħumiisʔi 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedar 

He was thinking of making wedges, making four wedges, then he started driving his wedges, chiselling apart the cedar.

pg. 23 begins below

128.623
ƛačiʔaƛ 
ƛačiƛ 
drive a wedge 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they drove wedges 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
hisiik̉ap 
hisiik̉ap 
make s.o. go swh. 
following 
ɬim̉aqstatʔi 
ɬim̉aqsti 
pithy core 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the pithy core 
ħumiisʔi 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedar 

The young men drove the wedges following the pithy core of the red cedar.

Refers to putting wedge directly opposite core in splitting.

128.624
k̉aħšiʔaƛ 
k̉aħšiƛ 
split 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it split 
ħumiisʔi 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the red cedar 

The red cedar split.

128.625
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 

The young men went home.

128.626
t̉aat̉aapatšiʔaƛ 
DUP- 
REP 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started thinking about 
qʷaaʔaaqƛukʷii 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-uk 
POSS 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what theirs would be like 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

They were thinking what their canoe should be like.

original was : t̉aat̉aapatšiʔee+ƛ

128.627
ʔaƛčiiɬšiƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
it took two days 
t̉aat̉aapat 
DUP- 
PL 
t̉apata 
plan 
they were planning 

For two days, they were planning.

128.628
wiinapiɬ 
wiinapiɬ 
stay in the house 
they stayed in the house 

They stayed in the house.

128.629
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they finished 
t̉aat̉aapata 
t̉aat̉aapata 
be planning 
planning 
kamatsap̉aƛ 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
figuring out 
qʷaaʔaaqƛukʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-uk 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
how it was theirs would be 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

They finished planning, figuring out what their canoe would be like.

128.630
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started working 
qʷiiqʷiiƛ̉itqšiʔaƛ 
qʷiiqʷiiƛ̉itqšiƛ 
start chiselling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
starting chiselling 
qʷiiƛ̉inʔakʔi 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
bone chisel 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
with their bone chisels 

They started chiselling with their bone chisels.

128.631
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
kʷiscpaaʔatʔi 
kʷiscpaa 
other end 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other end 
ƛuyačiʔaƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
got well 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
ƛičeeʔi 
ƛičaˑ 
stern 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
stern 
kʷisaqc̉uuʔi 
kʷisaqc̉uu 
other end 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other end 

For a long time, they were at the other end until it was good, then they went to the stern, the other end.

Better: saač̉icpaqiiɬ "were working on one side" but in the original {-c} is missing in -cpaˑ.

128.632
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiʔaƛ 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiƛ 
be chiselling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they kept chiselling 
ƛuyačiƛukƛaa 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ƛaa 
again 
until theirs got well 
qiičiʔaƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking a long time 

They kept chiselling until theirs was just right, taking a long time.

128.633
hišink̉aƛ 
hišinkʷ 
together with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got together  
ħaaw̉iiħaƛ 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
young men 
ʔaƛakʷaɬ 
ʔaƛakʷaɬ 
eight 
eight 
n̉in̉iƛ̉asħʔaƛ 
DUP- 
PL 
n̉iƛ̉as 
lie supine on the ground 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
lying supine on the ground 
yacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
push with foot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
pushing with their feet 

Eight young men got together lying on their backs on ground pushing with their feet.

* Better (Al): n̉in̉iƛ̉asħʔaƛ : several were lying on backs on ground pushing with feet.

128.634
mInterlinsaap̉aƛ 
mInterlinsaap 
turn over 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they turned it over 
ħumiisʔi 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedar 

They turned the red cedar over.

*i.e tried to turn canoe from one gunwale to another, so as be able to work on the other side.

128.635
mInterlinšiʔaƛ 
mInterlinšiƛ 
turn around 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they turned it over 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ʔinksỷiʔi 
ʔinksỷi 
log 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the log 

They turned the log over.

128.636
ħuqšiƛ 
ħuqšiƛ 
capsize 
it turned over 
ʔeeʔeeʔiša 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
doing quickly 
č̉apacʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the canoe 

The canoe capsized quickly.

128.637
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
he died 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
person 

One person died.

128.638
ʔuusaaħi 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
it was caused by 
ʔinksỷi 
ʔinksỷi 
stick 
stick 
n̉isxšiƛ 
n̉isxšiƛ 
spring up 
springing up 

It was caused by a stick springing up.

One of the sticks under the canoe to enable it to turn more easily. Man was evidently lying on the outer end of the stick and got caught.

128.639
ʔuʔiiʔat 
ʔuʔii 
go to 
-ˀat 
INAL 
it went into his 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
here 
here 
ƛaweeʔi 
ƛawaˑ 
near 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
near to 
p̉ap̉ii 
p̉ap̉iˑ 
ear 
ear 

It went in near his ear.

pg. 24 begins here

128.640
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiʔaƛ 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiƛ 
be chiselling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they kept chiselling 
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
taking a long time 
n̉upqʔičħšiƛ 
n̉up 
one 
-qʔiˑčħ 
for ... years 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
doing for one year 

They kept chiseling for a long time, for one year.

^mistake in the original: cuuxcuuxšiʔaƛ

128.641
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
they made it 
qačc̉iiɬuk 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ỷaɬ 
... fathoms 
-uk 
IMPF 
theirs was three fathoms 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

They made their canoe three fathoms long.

128.642
qiičiʔaƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
for a long time 
c̉uuxc̉uuxʷa 
c̉uuxc̉uuxʷa 
be chiselling 
they were chiselling it 

For a long time, they were chiselling.

original: cuuxcuuxšiʔaƛ

128.643
hawiiʔaƛuk 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
they finished 
wikaaɬuk 
wikaaɬ 
have nothing attached 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs having nothing 
kʷama 
kʷama 
stern-piece 
stern-piece 

They finished, having nothing there at the bow or stern.

These have practical value of keeping waves out of the canoe by breaking them.

128.644
čiiỷaap̉aƛ 
čiiỷaap 
pull onto the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
then they pulled it onto the water 
ʔaayuuʔaƛ 
ʔaya 
many 
-uwa 
act together with [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
many were doing 
ħayaaƛ 
ħayu 
ten 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were ten 
ʔiš 
ʔiš 
and 
and 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
čiičiʔaƛ 
čiičiƛ 
pull 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
pulling 
čiiƛčiiyaƛ 
čiiƛčiiya 
pulling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
pulling it 

Twelve pulled together, pulling it onto the water.

128.645
wik̉iituk 
wik̉iit 
eliminate 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs had no 
taapʔim 
taapʔim 
thwart 
thwarts 
suuwaqsiqħ 
suuwaqsi 
hold onto side of canoe 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
holding onto the edges  
čiiƛčiiya 
čiiƛčiiya 
pulling 
pulling 

Theirs had no thwarts, they just held onto the sides (of the canoe) while pulling.

128.646
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
čiiƛčiiya 
čiiƛčiiya 
pulling 
pulling 
kʷatyiikukqa 
kʷatyiik 
heavy 
-uk 
IMPF 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
since theirs was heavy 

It took a long time pulling their canoe since it was heavy.

128.647
čiičištuʔaƛ 
čiičištawiƛ 
pull onto the sea 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they pulled it onto the sea 
č̉apacʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the canoe 

The canoe was pulled out onto the sea.

128.648
ƛuɬʔaƛ̉at 
ƛuɬ 
happy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
he was happy 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man was happy.

128.649
ʔiiqħi 
ʔiiqħii 
still 
still 
wik̉iituk 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-uk 
POSS 
it did not have 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
č̉apacʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the canoe 

As yet, it still did not have the name "canoe".

128.650
c̉awaak̉aƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was one 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
yaqʷacʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-ac1 
belong to 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
to whom belonged 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

One woman went to the one to whom the canoe belonged.

128.651
ʔaak̉ʷaɬʔis 
ʔak̉ʷaɬ 
lend 
-ˀiˑs2 
2s>1.IMP 
lend me! 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she said 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the woman 

"Lend me your canoe!"said the woman.

128.652
ʕimtnaaksap̉aƛ 
ʕimtnaaksap 
give s.o. a name 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she gave it a name 
ʔukɬaanup̉aƛ 
ʔukɬaanawup 
name s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she named it 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

She gave it a name, naming it "canoe" .

č̉ap -ac < water-vehicle.

128.653
hinaačiʔaƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they set off on the water 
ɬuučsaamiiħ 
ɬuucsma 
woman.pl 
women 
muu 
muu 
four 
four 

Four women set off on the water.

128.654
ʔuʔuʔiiħʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
gather 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were gathering 
m̉aayi 
m̉aayi 
salmonberry shoots 
salmonberry shoots 

They were looking for salmonberry shoots.

128.655
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 
ɬuučsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

One of the women died.

128.656
haʔukšiʔat 
haʔukšiƛ 
eat 
-ˀat 
PASS 
she was eaten 
k̉ayuuminqħʔat 
k̉ayuumin 
cougar 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀat 
PASS 
by a cougar 

She was eaten by a cougar.

pg. 25 begins here

128.657
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took her 
k̉ayuuminʔi 
k̉ayuumin 
cougar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cougar 
čiičiƛ 
čiičiƛ 
pull 
pulling 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
t̉uħc̉itatʔi 
t̉uħc̉iti 
head 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her head 
w̉iqimỷuuƛ 
w̉iqimỷawiƛ 
get to be bare 
get to be bare 
qum̉ic 
qum̉ic 
skull 
skull 

The cougar took her, pulling her by the head until her skull got to be bare of hair.

128.658
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
ɬuucsaamiiħ 
ɬuucsma 
woman.pl 
women 

The women went home.

128.659
huʔacačiʔaƛ 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they returned 
č̉amiiq 
č̉amiiq 
travel by canoe 
travelling by canoe 
hiɬħʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where she had done 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 

They came back by canoe from where she had died.

128.660
ƛuyaỷap 
ƛuyaỷap 
do nicely 
they did nicely 
ƛ̉aʕiiksap 
ƛ̉aʕiiksap 
wrap around 
wrapping her up 
ʔuỷuksap 
ʔuỷuksap1 
wrap 
wrapping her with 
ʕatušaʔaq 
ʕatušaʔaq 
deerskin 
deerskin 
ʔaƛqimɬ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
two 
ʕatušaʔaq 
ʕatušaʔaq 
deerskin 
deerskin 

They wrapped her about well, wrapping her with deer skin, two deer skins.

128.661
tuukʷiičʔitap 
tuukʷiičʔitap 
pile on top of 
they piled on top of her 
ƛ̉aqaptʔi 
ƛ̉aqapt 
leaf 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the leaves 
kicukʔi 
kicuk 
log 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the log 

They piled leaves and a log on top of her.

128.662
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
ƛaʔuuƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ƛaa 
again 
the others 

The others went home.

128.663
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
decide 
he decided to 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaaqƛ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
he should build 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

Another man decided he should also make a canoe.

128.664
n̉an̉aan̉ičʔaƛquuweʔin 
n̉an̉aan̉ač 
examine 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he examined it 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
qʷaaʔakʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
how his was like  
c̉uxỷakukʔi 
c̉uxỷakʷ 
chisel 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his chisel 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
bone chisel 
bone chisel 

The man examined how his bone chisel was like.

128.665
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
he was making 
kʷiiƛkʷiiya 
kʷiiƛkʷiiya 
filing 
filing it 
hamuut̉atʔi 
hamuut 
bone 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bone of 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 

For a long time, he was making one by filing the elk bone.

128.666
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
n̉aačukšiʔaƛ 
n̉aačukšiƛ 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started looking 
ƛuɬquu 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that was good 
ħumiis 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
red cedar 

He finished and then went looking for a good red cedar.

128.667
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
find 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he found one 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man found one.

128.668
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started making it 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiʔaƛ 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiƛ 
be chiselling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
starting to chisel 
ʔuuxsap̉aƛ 
ʔuuxsap 
fell a tree 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
felling the tree 

He started making it, starting to chisel, felling (the tree).

128.669
ʔuxšiʔaƛuk 
ʔuxšiƛ2 
fall over 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
his fell over 

His (tree) fell over.

128.670
muuỷaɬʔaƛuk 
muu 
four 
-ỷaɬ 
... fathoms 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
his was now four fathoms 
c̉uxħtaỷap̉aƛ 
c̉uxħtaỷap 
chisel apart 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
chisel apart 

His was four fathoms, when chiseled apart.

128.671
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
n̉an̉aan̉ičšiʔaƛ 
n̉an̉aan̉ičššiƛ 
examine s.o. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he examined it 
qʷeeʔiitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what it was like 
č̉apacʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the canoe 

He went home and examined what the canoe was like.

pg. 26 begins here

128.672
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
wiinappiʔaƛ 
wiinappiƛ 
remain in house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
staying at home 
t̉aat̉aapatšiʔaƛ 
t̉aat̉aapatšiƛ 
be thinking 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
thinking/planning 

He went home and stayed in the house planning.

128.673
qacc̉ačiyiɬʔaƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-‘iɬ3 
in the house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was in the house for three days 
wiinapiɬ 
wiinapiɬ 
stay in the house 
staying in house 

For three days, he stayed in the house.

128.674
wahaak̉aƛƛaa 
wahaakʷ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he went off again 
ʔukʷiiỷasʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiỷas 
go in order to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going in order to make 
č̉apacukʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his canoe 

He went off again in order to make his intended-to-be canoe.

Better: č̉apacaʔaƛukʔi 'the intended-to-be-canoe'

128.675
ƛačiʔaƛ 
ƛačiƛ 
drive a wedge 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he drove wedges 
ʔayaaƛuk 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
he had many now 
ƛanat 
ƛanat 
wedge 
wedges 

He drove wedges, having many wedges now.

128.676
ʕaƛšiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʕaƛšiƛ 
twist 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would twist them 
ʕaƛyuu 
ʕaƛyuu 
young cedar branches 
cedar branches 
huuqʷiksap 
huuqʷiksap 
wrap around head of tool 
wrapping it around the head 
ƛanatukʔi 
ƛanat 
wedge 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his wedges 

He would twist back and forth the young cedar branches and wrapping them around the head of his wedges.

Refers to grommet: huuqʷikum, which is for purpose of taking strain off of wedge, so it shouldn't split.

128.677
ʔayiičiƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-uk 
POSS 
his increased 
ƛanat 
ƛanat 
wedge 
wedges 

His wedges became numerous.

128.678
ƛačiʔaƛ 
ƛačiƛ 
drive a wedge 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he drove wedges 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man drove wedges.

128.679
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
ƛaacƛaaya 
ƛaacƛaaya 
driving wedges 
driving wedges 
ʔiiħaq 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
-aq 
very 
in the very large 
ħumiisʔi 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedar 
ƛukʷiitqa 
ƛukʷiit 
large in girth 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that was large in girth 

For a long time, he was driving wedges into the very large red cedar which was large in girth.

128.680
k̉aħšiʔaƛ 
k̉aħšiƛ 
split 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it split 
ħumiisʔi 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedar 

The red cedar split.

128.681
muuyuu 
muu 
four 
-yuˑ 
...-ed 
it was four 
ħuqsaap̉aƛ 
ħuqsaap 
capsize canoe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
capsize canoe 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 

Four of them were working turning the canoe over.

meaning?

128.682
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiʔaƛ 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiƛ 
be chiselling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he kept chiselling 
qʷiiƛ̉inʔakʔi 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
bone chisel 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
with his bone chisels 

He kept chiselling with his bone chisels.

128.683
ƛuyačiƛuk 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
-uk 
POSS 
his was going well 
kʷisaqc̉uuʔi 
kʷisaqc̉uu 
other end 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other end 
ỷuuqʷaaʔaƛ 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
also now 
c̉uuxc̉uuxʷa 
c̉uuxc̉uuxʷa 
be chiselling 
he was chiselling it 
kʷisaqc̉uuʔi 
kʷisaqc̉uu 
other end 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other end 

The other (this) end was getting good, also, he were chiselling the other end.

128.684
winssaap̉aƛ 
winssaap 
right a canoe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
then they righted it 
winsšiʔaƛ 
winsšiƛ 
right a canoe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
righting the canoe 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiʔaƛ 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiƛ 
be chiselling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
continuing chiselling 

Then they righted it, righting the canoe and continuing chiselling.

128.685
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it took a long time 
n̉upqʔičħšiʔaƛ 
DUP- 
SUF 
-qʔiˑčħ 
for ... years 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was for one year 
hawiiʔaƛuk 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his was finished 
ʔaƛiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it got to be two 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
plan 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 

For a long time, during one year, his was finished as the two men planned.

128.686
ʔusiik 
ʔusiikʷ 
make 
they made 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

They made a canoe.

128.687
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
čiiỷaap̉aƛƛaa 
čiiỷaap 
pull onto the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they pulled it onto the water 

And then, again they pulled it onto the water.

pg. 27 begins here

128.688
c̉awaak̉aƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was one 
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
thinking 
ʔunaakcuuqʷa 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-cuu 
probably 
-quu1 
3.CND 
it had better have 
ʕaƛyuu 
ʕaƛyuu 
young cedar branches 
cedar branches 

There was one thinking it had better have cedar branches.

These were for binding stern and stem down.

128.689
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
ʕaƛyuu 
ʕaƛyuu 
young cedar branches 
cedar branches 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man made cedar branches.

128.690
t̉apatšiʔaƛƛaa 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he again thought 
c̉itkyuuʔaaqƛ̉apqa 
c̉itkyuu 
twisted cedar withe 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he should make twisted cedar withes 
ʕaƛyuu 
ʕaƛyuu 
young cedar branches 
cedar branches 

Again, he thought he should make twisted cedar branches.

128.691
ỷaaqačiƛuk 
ỷaaqačiƛ 
make long 
-uk 
IMPF 
his got long 
c̉itkyuuʔak 
c̉itkyuu 
twisted cedar withe 
-ˀak 
POSS 
twisted cedar withe 

His twisted cedar withes became long.

128.692
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
č̉apacʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the canoe 

He went to where the canoe was.

128.693
čiiỷaaʕasʔaƛ 
čiiỷaaʕas 
go to pull into the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to pull it into the water 

He went to pull it into the water.

128.694
ʔucaʔap̉aƛ 
ʔucaʔap 
put s.t. in 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he put it in 
ʕaƛyuuʔi 
ʕaƛyuu 
cedar branch rope 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedar branch rope 
ƛičeeʔi 
ƛičaˑ 
stern 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the stern 

He put the cedar branch rope into the stern of the canoe.

128.695
qam̉akƛiqsʔap̉aƛ 
qam̉akƛiqsʔap 
loop around stern 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he looped it around the stern 

He looped (cedar branch rope) around the stern of the canoe.

So line ran along on both sides of canoe. Even number of men (5 or 10) got hold of each line, standing between bow and stern. They tug at canoe to get it down into water.

128.696
čiičiʔaƛ 
čiičiƛ 
pull 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they pulled  
c̉istuupʔi 
c̉istuˑp 
rope 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the rope 
ʕaƛyuuʔi 
ʕaƛyuu 
cedar branch rope 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedar branch rope 

They pulled the cedar branch rope.

128.697
ʔeeʔeeʔišaƛ 
DUP- 
REP 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it did quickly 
hitaħt̉as 
hitaħt̉as 
come out of the woods 
coming out of the woods 
č̉apacʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the canoe 

The canoe came out of the woods quickly.

128.698
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
it went down to the beach 
č̉apacʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the canoe 
hinaačiʔaƛ 
hinaačiƛ 
set off on the water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
setting off on the water 

The canoe was brought down to the beach and set out to sea.

128.699
ƛiiħšiƛ 
ƛiħšiƛ 
set off 
they set off 
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going home 

They paddled home.

128.700
ƛuɬʔaƛ̉at 
ƛuɬ 
happy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
he was happy 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man was happy.

128.701
wik̉iituk 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
-uk 
POSS 
he had none 
taapʔim 
taapʔim 
thwart 
thwarts 
ħisʔap̉aaħqa 
ħisʔap̉aaħ 
be unable 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
since he was unable to get 
taapʔim 
taapʔim 
thwart 
thwarts 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
he had 
ʔaanasakqa 
ʔana 
only 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
having only it 
qʷiiƛ̉inʔakʔi 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
bone chisel 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his bone chisel 

He had no thwart as he could not get to have thwarts, as he had only his elk-bone chisel.

128.702
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
muučiʔaƛ 
muu 
four 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it became four 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
invent 
inventing 

And then it got to be four (people) who thought out something.

128.703
ỷuuqʷaaʔaƛ 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
also now 
t̉aat̉aapataƛ 
DUP- 
SUF 
t̉apata 
guess 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they considered 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
obtaining 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
qʷiqcuuyii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-cuu 
preferably 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what would be best 
ʔeeʔeeʔiša 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
did quickly 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
start to light up 
lighting it up 

Also they were thinking of getting fire what would be best to light up a fire quickly.

pg. 28 begins here

128.704
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got it 
simapt 
simapt 
fire-drill stick 
fire-drill bush 
hiɬʔaƛuk 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
its was there 
ƛ̉ušaaʔak 
ƛ̉ušaaʔakʷ 
become dry 
becoming dry 
qačc̉up̉iɬuk 
qacc̉a+fr. var. of 
three 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-uk 
POSS 
having three pieces of 
simapt 
simapt 
fire-drill stick 
fire-drilling bush 

They got the fire-drill bush drying there, having three pieces of fire-drilling bush.

They used to take about six such simapt sticks (1 1/2 to 2 feet long) and test them to see which was <n̉uq "throw off sparks"> quickly. Some would do so quickly, others would take long. These latter were discarded. Huupachas and Tsishaath used to sell these to other tribes, in whose country simapt was scarce. <Driller: siʔiɬ>; <hearth: sicsac̉us>. Fire apparatus was contained in cedarbark bag called <siʔiɬsac> which had lots of n̉uħɬimc at bottom for tinder. Bag bound around many times with t̉uxyuu to keep from getting wet. Generally depended on <n̉uħaa "slow fire"> when roaming about. If one went around for two or three days hunting, he did not take siʔiɬ along, but depended on n̉uħaa. kist̉a, when very old and discarded because beginning to leak, would be broken up and pieces put out to dry for whole year. By that time urine-soaked wood to thickness of about 1/8 inch would have turned into hard whitish salt. When hard simapt was drilled on this, it took only one turn back and forth to alight?? spark. kist̉a fragment sold with siʔiɬ. Tinder <very finely shredded cedarbark, n̉uħɬimc> was put underneath groove running out from drill hole, so that sparks fell down on it and ignited it.

128.705
qiičiʔaƛquuweʔin 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they would do so for a long time 
siiƛsiiya 
siiƛsiiya 
be drilling 
be drilling 

For a long time, they were drilling back and forth.

128.706
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were thinking 
ʔuħtinʔakquu 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-quu1 
3.CND 
theirs should be made of 
kist̉eʔi 
kist̉a 
chamber-pot 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chamber-pot 

They were thinking that theirs should be made out of a chamber pot.

128.707
ƛ̉ušaaʔaƛuk 
ƛ̉ušaa 
become dry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
they dried theirs 
hišink̉aƛ 
hišinkʷ 
together with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
keeping together  
simaptʔi 
simapt 
fire-drill stick 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the fire-drill bush 

They dried their fire-drill bush and gathered it together.

128.708
ƛ̉uššiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉uššiƛ 
get dry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was dried 
kist̉ackʷiʔi 
kist̉ackʷi 
remains of chamberpot 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
remains of chamberpot 

The chamberpot shard was dried.

128.709
n̉up̉it 
n̉up̉it 
once 
at once 
tiki 
tiki 
tiki 
tiki 
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛuk 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
start to light up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
it lit up 

In one turn, his (tinder) lit up 'tiki tiki tiki tiki'.

128.710
hiɬħʔaƛuk 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
there was his 
pisuusukʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his tinder 
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
start to light up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it would blaze up 

There was his tinder, blazing up.

pisuus is an old Huupachas word.

128.711
ƛaħʔaƛ 
ƛaħʷ 
at present 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
later they did so 
ʔayaaƛ 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
many 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
they made 
siʔiɬ 
siʔiɬ 
firedrill 
firedrills 
wiiciqnakšiʔaƛ 
wiiciqnakšiƛ 
be well off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got to be well off for 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
maʔasʔi 
maʔas 
tribe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the tribe 

Later, they made many fire-drills and the tribe got to be well provided with fire.

128.712
ƛaʔuuƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ƛaa 
again 
again another 
ʔaƛaaƛƛaa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
two of them again 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛƛaa 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they also made it 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 

Again, there were another two also making a canoe.

128.713
ʔuwiiʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuwii 
be first 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
at first they did 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
making 
hamuut̉atʔi 
hamuut 
bone 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bone of 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 

At first they worked the elk bone.

128.714
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
decide 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he thought 
c̉awaakħ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
being one 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 
suutħta 
suutħta 
drill 
drill 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making it from 
c̉inc̉in 
c̉inc̉in 
bear's leg bone 
bear's leg bone 

There was one who thought that he would make a pointed elk-bone drill, making it from a bear's leg bone.

*pointed elk-bone drill. same as suu. Had yew wood handle about one foot long and of different diameters (thumb size is longest). Elk-bone point fits into handle and is tied with wild cherry bark. Bone used is <ʕeeyaɬỷak "elbow"> of front legs at knee joint. It is forked at end by filing in between, so that circle is made and wood drilled drops out like knot. In making it, they keep testing to see whether two prongs make tine circle together; if not, keep filing off one end until right lengths are reached. In working it, keep wetting hands by spitting on them, so that drill handle slips easily. Do not drill it on spot, but start at top and hands slip down rapidly to bottom. Good drills would have hands slip down in about three half turns; poorer ones would take longer.

128.715
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started to work with 
hinasiƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
getting to be 
c̉ac̉awink 
c̉ac̉awinkʷ 
one finger-width 
one finger-width 
ʕapaak 
ʕapaakʷ 
go well 
go well 
suutsuuta 
suutsuuta 
be drilling 
drilling 

They started working with it, getting it to be one finger-width, the drilling working well.

128.716
hinasiʔaƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it got to be  
ʔaʔaƛink 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-n̉uk 
in or on the hand(s) [R] 
two fingerwidths 
k̉ʷačiʔaƛ 
k̉ʷačiƛ 
break in two 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it broke in two 
suutħteʔi 
suutħta 
drill 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the drill 
ʔuusaaħaƛ 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because of 
ʔaʔaƛink 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-n̉uk 
in or on the hand(s) [R] 
being two fingerwidths 

It got to be two finger-widths, the drill broke in two because of being two finger-widths.

128.717
ƛaaʔuukʷiiɬšiƛƛaa 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
-ỷaɬ 
... fathoms 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
=ƛaa 
again 
again they made another one 
ʔunaakšiʔaƛƛaa 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
having also 
suutħta 
suutħta 
drill 
drill 

Again they made another drill.

pg. 29 begins here

128.718
ƛaħʔaƛ 
ƛaħʷ 
at present 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
now it was 
našuk̉ʷaƛuk 
našuk 
strong 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
theirs was strong 

Now theirs was strong.

128.719
hitapaƛquuweʔin 
hitapa 
go through 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it would go past 
ʔaʔaƛink 
ʔaʔaƛinkʷ 
two finger-widths 
two finger-widths 
suutsuuta 
suutsuuta 
be drilling 
drilling 

The drilling would go past two finger-widths.

128.720
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it got to have 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 
taapʔim 
taapʔim 
thwart 
thwarts 

The canoe got to have thwarts.

They needed to drill holes before they coul have thwarts.

128.721
ʔuħtinʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was made out of 
c̉inc̉inʔakʔi 
c̉inc̉in 
bear's leg bone 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
bear's leg bone 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 

(The drill) was made of the leg bone of a bear.

Old Huup. word for bear leg bone from back to front of hind leg; sharp-pointed.

128.722
ʔuuħw̉aɬʔaƛ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they used 
c̉inc̉inʔakʔi 
c̉inc̉in 
bear's leg bone 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the leg bone of 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 

They used the leg bone of a bear.

128.723
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he finished 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 
t̉aat̉aapata 
t̉aat̉aapata 
be planning 
thinking 
ʔunaakšiʔaƛqa 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he now had 
suutħta 
suutħta 
drill 
drill 

The man finished thinking now that he had a drill.

Of elk or bear bone.

128.724
n̉an̉aačuk̉ʷaƛquuweʔin 
DUP- 
PL 
n̉aačuk 
look for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they would look for 
qʷičiiɬcuuyii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-(č,kʷ)iiɬ1 
make [L] 
-cuu 
preferably 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what they would make 

They used to look for what else they would make (besides a canoe).

128.725
wik 
wik 
not 
they not 
hiniip 
hiniip 
get 
get 
takʷa 
takʷa 
only 
only 
ʔuušcuk 
ʔuušcuk 
be difficult 
difficult 

They couldn't figure out what to do because they were all difficult to make.

128.726
č̉amiiʕaƛ 
č̉amiiq 
travel by canoe 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he travelled by canoe 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
ƛaʔuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
another 
maʔas 
maʔas 
tribe 
tribe 

He went by canoe to another tribe.

128.727
yaaʔaɬʔatukweʔin 
yaaʔaɬ 
look on 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
POSS 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
his was looked at 
č̉apacukʔi 
č̉apac 
canoe 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his canoe 

His canoe was looked at.

128.728
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to 
ƛ̉ikuut 
ƛ̉ikuut 
Kleecoot 2 
Kleecoot 
histaqšiʔaƛ 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
coming out from 
ʕaʔukʔi 
ʕaʔuk 
lake 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the lake 

He went to Kleecoot coming out from the lake.

Great Central Lake?

128.729
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were making 
c̉iiħati 
c̉iiħati 
arrow 
arrows 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

There were many people making arrows.

128.730
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it stopped being 
ʔiiħmisuk 
ʔiiħmis 
valuable 
-uk 
IMPF 
his own valued thing 
yaqʷiiɬitʔitq 
yaqʷ 
REL 
-(č,kʷ)iiɬ1 
make [L] 
-(m)it 
former 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
which he had made 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
invent 
inventing 

It stopped being his own valued thing which he had invented.

128.731
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
hunt for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to hunt for 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man began looking for deer and black bear.

128.732
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he thought about 
c̉awaakħʔaƛƛaa 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he was the one 
ɬuučiis 
ɬuučiˑs 
deadfall trap 
deadfall trap 
ʔukʷiiɬquu 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that he was making 

He was the one again thinking that he would make a deadfall trap.

pg. 30 begins here

128.733
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was making it 
hiiɬħ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
there 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his house 
t̉aat̉aapatšiʔaƛ 
t̉aat̉aapatšiƛ 
be thinking 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started thinking 

He was making it (deadfall trap) there at his house and started thinking.

128.734
muumink 
muuminkʷ 
four fingerwidths 
it was four finger widths 
ʔanaač̉a 
ʔana 
thus much 
-č̉a 
... size 
thus much in size 
maħšiʔaƛ 
maħšiƛ 
collapse 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it collapsed 

It was four finger-widths in height and would collapse (trapping animal).

Frank claims four finger-widths for pole up from ground is altogether too low for beaver. Says he has worked both steel traps and old Indian deadfalls and finds latter better, because they do not frighten away animals.

128.735
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went to 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
ʔayackʷiʔi 
ʔayackʷi 
many tracks 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
many tracks 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 

He went to where there were many tracks of beaver.

128.736
ħisʔap̉aaħʔaƛquuweʔin 
ħisʔap̉aaħ 
be unable 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they could not do  
ħiiħw̉aɬʔaaħ 
ħiiħw̉aɬ 
unable to use 
-ˀaaħ 
IRR 
having nothing to get them with 

They were unable to get beaver, having nothing to get them with.

128.737
c̉awaasiikweʔin 
c̉awaasiikʷ 
produce one 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he produced one 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 
ɬuučiis 
ɬuučiˑs 
deadfall trap 
deadfall trap 

The man completed one deadfall trap.

128.738
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
set s.t. up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he set it up 

He set it up.

128.739
pitʔasʔaƛ 
pitʔas 
pin down 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
pin down 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 

The beaver was pinned down (by the log).

128.740
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
he went home 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
hiniis 
hiniis 
take along 
taking along 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 

The man went home, taking along the beaver.

128.741
c̉awaak̉aƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was one 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
planning 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 
ʔuusaaħaƛ 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because of 
yaa 
yaa1 
that 
that 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 

There was one man planning on account of the beaver.

meaning?

128.742
č̉it̉uuɬquu 
č̉it̉uuɬ 
war club 
-quu1 
3.CND 
it was a war club 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was making 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 

He was making a war club.

Beaver supposed to have originated č̉it̉uuɬ. Cf. story of Transformer (text no. 10)

128.743
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started making it 

He started making it.

128.744
ʔuuỷip̉aƛ 
ʔuuỷip 
catch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got it 
ʔuħtinʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was made out of 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ʔiiħʔatʔi 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the big 
hamuut 
hamuut 
bone 
bones 

He got one which was made of this big (leg) bone of elk.

*refers to leg bone.

128.745
ƛaʔuuỷip̉aƛƛaa 
ƛaʔuuỷip 
get another one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he got another one 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man got another beaver again.

128.746
ʔaƛiiỷipšiʔaƛ 
CVƛdup- 
REP 
-iiỷip 
obtain 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got two 

He got two.

128.747
ʔuusaaħaƛ 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because of 
ʔunaak 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
they had 
č̉it̉uuɬ 
č̉it̉uuɬ 
war club 
war club 
huupač̉asʔatħ 
huupač̉asʔatħ 
Huupachas people 
Huupachas tribe 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 

Because of the beaver, the Huupachas tribe got to have the war club.

128.748
saač̉inkšiʔaƛ 
saač̉inkʷ 
always 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they always do so 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
hunt 
hunting for 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 

They always hunt for beaver.

128.749
ʔayiičiʔaƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his became many 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 
ƛ̉iħaʕatʔi 
ƛ̉iħaq1 
skin 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
its skin 

The man got to have many beaver skins.

pg. 31 begins here

128.750
ʔaʔayeʔiiħʔaƛ 
ʔaʔayaʔiiħ 
get many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got many 

He caught many.

128.751
ƛuɬʔap̉aƛquuweʔin 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it was made good 
č̉iiskyuu 
č̉iiskyuu 
scraped 
scraped 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
using it 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 

It was made good by scraping it using a stone.

Saltwater Indians used č̉iiskỷak "scraper" of mussel shell.

128.752
č̉iiskč̉iiska 
č̉iiskč̉iiska 
be scraping 
he was scraping 
sačkimɬʔi 
sačkimɬ 
sharp 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
sharp 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 

He was scraping with a sharp stone.

Not bladed. Frank claims fat comes off if you work such stone with clean sweeps, not rapidly back and forth.

128.753
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blanket 

He made a blanket.

128.754
ʔuħtinʔak 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his was made of 
qač̉ak 
qač̉akʷ 
awl 
awl 
hamuut̉at 
hamuut 
bone 
-ˀat 
INAL 
the bone of 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
black bear 

His awl was made out of a black bear bone.

Properly used only for a rush-mat needle of ciw̉iipt 'spiraea'. Awl: kuuħswinɬỷak̉ap qač̉ak.

128.755
ʔuħtinʔak 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀak 
POSS 
his was made of 
ɬukt̉apt̉atʔi 
ɬukt̉apt 
sinew 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
sinew of 
ƛ̉uunim 
ƛ̉uunim 
elk 
elk 

His was made of the sinew of elk.

128.756
n̉iiƛn̉iičiʔaƛ 
n̉iiƛn̉iičiƛ 
be sewing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started sewing 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blanket 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making use of 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 

He started to sew the blanket using the beaver (skin).

128.757
ʔayiičiƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-uk 
POSS 
his were many 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 
ʔaʔaƛqimɬħtinʔak 
DUP- 
DIST 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-ħtin 
made of 
-ˀak 
POSS 
each of his was made of two 

He was getting many blankets, each made out of two (beaver skins).

128.758
ʔayiiỷap 
ʔayiiỷap 
make a lot 
they started to make a lot 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 
k̉acħaqiiɬšiʔaƛ 
k̉acħaqiiɬšiƛ 
start making a blanket 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
started making blankets 

They started to make many beaver skins and blankets.

128.759
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
they were good 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 
ƛuuɬsasa 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-sasa 
precisely [L] 
just good 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
using it 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 
kʷiixkʷiixa 
kʷiixkʷiixa 
be rubbing 
be rubbing 

They were good blankets, good because they used stones to rub (the skin soft).

128.760
ƛuyaỷap̉aƛ 
ƛuyaỷap 
do nicely 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it became better 
ƛ̉isuk̉ʷap̉aƛ 
ƛ̉isuk 
white 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making it white 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 

The beaver (skin) became better, becoming white.

128.761
qačc̉aqimɬħtinʔap̉aƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-ħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it is made of three 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 
n̉ičiʔaƛ 
n̉ičiƛ 
sew 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
sewn 

It was made of three beaver (skins) sewn together

128.762
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made 
ʕaatuš 
ʕaatuš 
deer 
deer 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 
hiihiqtupʔi 
hihiqtup 
different animals 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
all sorts of animals 
ƛapisim 
ƛapisim 
raccoon 
raccoon 

They made black bear blankets, they made deer blankets, all sorts of animals, (including) raccoon.

pg. 32 begins here

128.763
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħšiƛ 
hunt for 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he began to hunt for 
ƛ̉iƛ̉iħiỷuuħ 
ƛ̉iƛ̉iħiỷuuħ 
marten 
martens 

He began looking for martens.

128.764
ʔaƛakʷaɬqimɬħtinʔak 
ʔaƛakʷaɬ 
eight 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-ħtin 
made of 
-ˀak 
POSS 
theirs was made of eight 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 
muuqumɬħtinʔak 
muu 
four 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-ħtin 
made of 
-ˀak 
POSS 
theirs was made of four 
ƛapisim 
ƛapisim 
raccoon 
raccoons 

Their blankets were made of eight (marten skins), theirs (blankets) were made of four raccoon (skins).

128.765
ʔayasiik̉aƛ 
ʔayasiikʷ 
mass produce 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were mass producing 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 
quqʷaas 
quuʔas 
person.pl 
people 
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they stopped being 
ɬaakʷiqnak 
ɬaakʷiqnakʷ 
poor 
poor 

People made many blankets, ceasing to be in a poor condition.

128.766
ʔaʔayeʔiiħʔaƛ 
ʔaʔayaʔiiħ 
get many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went after many 
hiihiqtup 
hihiqtup 
all sorts of things 
all sorts of things 
quqʷaasʔi 
quuʔas 
person.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the people 

The people went after many, all sorts of creatures.

128.767
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she thought about 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
thinking 
ʔukʷiiɬquu 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that she should make 
ʕaɬmapt 
ʕaɬmapt 
yellow cedar 
yellow cedar 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 

A woman thought of making yellow cedar blankets.

128.768
yaacšiƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
she went 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 
ʔun̉aaħ 
ʔun̉aaħ 
look for 
looking for 
ʕaɬmapt 
ʕaɬmapt 
yellow cedar 
yellow cedar 

The woman went to seek yellow cedar.

128.769
waɬšiƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
she went home 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 
hiniis 
hiniis 
take along 
taking along 
pic̉up 
pic̉up 
cedar bark 
cedar bark 
ʔaaƛpuusc̉a 
ʔaƛpu 
seven 
-(y)aˑsc̉a(q-) 
... many rolls [L] 
seven rolls 

The woman went home, bringing seven rolls of cedar bark.

128.770
t̉iɬsaap̉aƛ 
t̉iɬsaap 
soak s.t. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she soak it 
hiinasuʔisʔap 
hiinasuʔisʔap 
hold underwater 
hold underwater 
č̉aʔakʔi 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
water 

She soaked it, holding it underwater.

128.771
qiiʔisʔap 
qii 
long time 
-‘is 
on the beach 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
she did it for a long time on the beach 
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she finished 
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking it 
hiist̉iʔaƛ 
hiist̉iƛ 
take from 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking it from  
č̉aʔakʔi 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
water 

For a long time, she had it on the beach, then she finished, taking it from the water.

128.772
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started working it 
hiishiisa 
hiishiisa 
be beating 
be beating 

She started working it by beating it.

with a bark shredder.

128.773
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started doing 
mamuukšiʔaƛ 
mamuukšiƛ 
weave 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
weaving 

She started weaving.

128.774
ʔuħtinʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she made it out of 
ƛapisim 
ƛapisim 
raccoon 
raccoon 
ʔukɬaaʔap̉aƛ 
ʔukɬaaʔap 
call ... 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
calling it ... 
yumaħtim 
yumaħtim 
fur trim 
fur trim 

Then she made what is called "fur trim" out of raccoon.

This is a border whose strands are twined of yellow cedar and soft fuzzy fur under long hair of raccoon. Raccoon fur for blanket was apparently peculiar to Huupachas. Frank Williams has heard only of č̉učmaqaɬ. yumaḥtim is any border or trimming of fur.

128.775
č̉iiɬč̉iiɬšiʔaƛ 
č̉iiɬč̉iiɬšiƛ 
start to weave 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started to weave 

There she started to twine.

128.776
ʔukʷiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she began to make 
ƛ̉isasim 
ƛ̉isasim 
white border 
white border 
hiinaʔakʔi 
hiinaʔa 
edge 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the edge 

Then she began to make a white border at the edge of her blanket.

128.777
ʔukɬaaʔak 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
-ˀak 
POSS 
it was named 
ƛ̉isasim 
ƛ̉isasim 
white border 
white border 

It's name was tlisasim 'white-at-opening'.

pg. 33 begins here

128.778
mamuukšiʔaƛ 
mamuukšiƛ 
weave 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she started to weave 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 

The woman started to weave.

128.779
ʔuuħtinsap 
ʔuuħtinsap 
make out of 
she started to make it out of 
pic̉upʔi 
pic̉up 
cedar bark 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
cedar bark 
ʕaɬmaptʔi 
ʕaɬmapt 
yellow cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
yellow cedar 

She started to make it out of yellow cedar bark.

128.780
ƛuyaỷap 
ƛuyaỷap 
do nicely 
she did it nicely 
c̉istuup̉ap 
c̉istuup̉ap 
make string 
making string 
ʔukɬaaʔak 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
-ˀak 
POSS 
hers being named 
č̉iɬma 
č̉iɬma 
twined string 
twined string 

She did so nicely, making string called "twined string".

128.781
ʔeeʔeeʔiša 
DUP- 
SUF 
ʔaʔiˑš 
do quickly 
she did quickly 
hawiiƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
finishing 
ƛiiqčiqƛħuk 
ƛiiqčiqƛ 
stick runs through edge 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-uk 
POSS 
while running a stick through the edge of hers 

She did so quickly and finished, working while running a stick through the edge of hers.

ƛiiqčiqƛ "stick runs through something at its edge" (like bottom stick of window blind)

128.782
hawiiʔaƛuk 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
hers was finished 

Hers was finished.

128.783
ƛaʔuuƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ƛaa 
again 
again another 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
thinking 
ɬuucsma 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
woman 
muuʔaƛ 
muu 
four 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were four 
t̉aat̉aapata 
t̉aat̉aapata 
be planning 
planning 
qʷasiikʔitq 
qʷaa 
thus 
-siikʷ 
make 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
what she had made 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
thinking about it 

Again, another woman was thinking, there were four thinking about what she had made, thinking about it.

original was t̉ap̉atšiƛ

128.784
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ʔuʔuʔiiħʔaƛ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
gather 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
gathering 
ʕaɬmapt 
ʕaɬmapt 
yellow cedar 
yellow cedar 

They went looking for yellow cedar.

128.785
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went 
ɬuucsaamiiħʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the women 
muu 
muu 
four 
four 
ʔuƛʔucač 
ʔuƛʔucač 
go every now and then 
going every now and then 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 

The four women went, going every now and then to the mountain.

128.786
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
ʔuʔuuʔiiħ 
try to do 
looking for 

They were looking for blankets.

materials for blankets?

128.787
ʔucaỷap̉aƛ 
ʔucaỷap 
take to swh 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they took them to 
č̉aʔakʔi 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
water 
č̉uučk̉aƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
all of them now 

They took all of them to the water.

128.788
t̉iɬisʔaƛuk 
t̉iɬaa 
soak 
-‘is 
on the beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
they soaked theirs on the beach 
qiiʔisuk 
qii 
long time 
-‘is 
on the beach 
-uk 
IMPF 
doing to theirs for a long time on the beach 

They soaked theirs for a long time on the beach.

original was qeeʔesuu+k

128.789
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they took them 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
started doing 
hiishiisaƛ 
hiishiisa 
be beating 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
be beating 
pic̉upʔi 
pic̉up 
cedar bark 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
cedar bark 
ʕaɬmaptʔi 
ʕaɬmapt 
yellow cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
yellow cedar 

They took it and started beating the yellow cedar bark.

128.790
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made 
ƛ̉isasim 
ƛ̉isasim 
white border 
white border 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 
č̉iɬma 
č̉iɬma 
twined string 
twined string 

They started making the white border and the twined string.

128.791
č̉iiɬč̉iiɬšiʔaƛ 
č̉iiɬč̉iiɬšiƛ 
start to weave 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they wove 
ƛiiqčiqƛħuk 
ƛiiq2 
(spear) goes pointwise 
-či2 
at 
-ˀaqƛ1 
inside 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-uk 
POSS 
while theirs were going through pointwise 
ƛiiqiiħtuɬħuk 
ƛiiqiiħtawiƛ 
place across 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-uk 
POSS 
having a stick running across at the edge 

They wove (the strings) together while having sticks running across (strands) at edge (not through).

*these two words seem contradictory. weft and warp?

pg. 34 begins here

128.792
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
wiiciqnakšiʔaƛ 
wiiciqnakšiƛ 
be well off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got to be well off for 
m̉uč̉ičuʔaƛ 
m̉uč̉ičawiƛ 
get dressed 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
dressing in 
mamuukšiʔaƛ 
mamuukšiƛ 
weave 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
weaving  
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 

And then, they started to be well off, starting to wear clothing from weaving blankets.

128.793
ʔaayasiik̉aƛ 
ʔayasiikʷ 
mass produce 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they did many 
mamuukšiƛ 
mamuukšiƛ 
weave 
weaving 
ɬuucsaamiiħʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the women 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 

The women were weaving many blankets.

128.794
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave it 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
cedar-bark cloth 
cedarbark cloth 

They gave it the name "cedarbark cloth".

128.795
ʔayaaƛ 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
many 
huħtakšiƛ 
huħtakšiƛ 
learn 
learn to 

Many learned how to do so.

128.796
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
m̉uč̉ič 
m̉uč̉ič 
clothed 
clothed 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Many people were clothed now.

128.797
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got to have 
w̉anuš 
w̉anuš 
apron 
aprons 
ɬuucsaamiiħ 
ɬuucsma 
woman.pl 
women 
ʔuħtinʔaƛuk 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
made of 
ʕaɬmapt 
ʕaɬmapt 
yellow cedar 
yellow cedar 

Women had fringed aprons made of yellow cedar.

128.798
č̉uučknakšiƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-naˑkʷ 
have 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
they got all 
hiihiqtup 
hihiqtup 
all sorts of things 
all sorts of things 
m̉uč̉ičtup 
m̉uč̉ičtup 
clothing 
clothing 

They got all kinds of clothing.

128.799
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they finished 
ɬaakʷiqnak 
ɬaakʷiqnakʷ 
poor 
being poor 

They stopped being in a poor condition.

128.800
hinatšiʔaƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they came 
kʷiscpaʔi 
kʷiscpaa 
other side 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other side 
histaqšiƛ 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
they came from  
hink̉uuʔasnit 
hink̉uuʔasnit 
Qualicum River 
Qualicum 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
there were three 
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
good 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Three good people came over here from the other side, coming from Qualicum.

They were Pentlatch people.

128.801
ƛuɬʔat 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-ˀat 
INAL 
they were treated well 
wik̉at 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they were not 
qaħsaap̉at 
qaħsaap 
kill 
-ˀat 
PASS 
killed 

They were treated well and were not killed.

128.802
miiɬħiyatuk 
miiɬħii 
same 
-aˑtuk 
make ... sound 
their language was the same as 
ciiqciiqa 
ciiqciiqa 
speaking 
talking 
hink̉uuʔasnitʔatħʔi 
hink̉uuʔasnitʔatħ 
Qualicum tribe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
Qualicum tribe 

The Qualicum (Pentlatch) spoke the same language (as the old Huupachasath).

128.803
ʔuuʔuyiiʔaƛ̉at 
DUP- 
DIST 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
each one was given 
ʕatušaʔaq 
ʕatušaʔaq 
deerskin 
deerskins 
ƛapisim 
ƛapisim 
raccoon 
raccoon  

Deer skins and raccoon (skins) were given to each one.

ʔuuʔuyiiʔaƛ̉at 'was given to each one'

128.804
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
č̉uučk 
č̉uučk 
all 
all 
ʔaʔayiics 
DUP- 
PL 
ʔayiics 
carry many 
taking along many 
ƛ̉iħaqtup 
ƛ̉iħaqtup 
kinds of skins 
kinds of skins 

They went home, taking along many kinds of skins.

pg. 35 begins here

128.805
waaʔaƛ 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they said 
ʔuyaaqƛaħ 
ʔuyi 
when 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
I will do when 
hinatšiƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
come 
kʷisqʔičħik 
kʷisqʔičħ 
next year 
-(y)ik 
IRR.FUT 
next year 
ʔuucsʔaƛ 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 
ʔuutỷaap̉aƛ 
ʔuutỷaap 
bring as a gift 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
bringing as a gift 

They said "I will take along mountain goat blankets as gifts when I come next year."

128.806
ƛuɬʔat 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-ˀat 
INAL 
he was happy 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
kʷiisħiiʔakqa 
kʷiisħii 
different 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
since theirs were different 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 

The man was happy as their blankets were different.

128.807
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ƛaʔuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
another one 
ʔuutỷaap 
ʔuutỷaap 
bring as a gift 
brought a gift 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 
ʔanaħʔisuk 
ʔanaħʷ 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-uk 
IMPF 
there is a little 

Also, another one brought his mountain goat blankets as a gift, his being small.

128.808
ʔuyiiʔatƛaa 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ƛaa 
=again 
they was agaim given 
ʕat̉uuʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the beaver 
ƛ̉iħaq 
ƛ̉iħaq1 
skin 
skin 

Again, they were given beaver skins.

128.809
ʔayaaƛ 
ʔaya 
many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they do to many 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
hunt 
hunting for 
ɬuuɬuučaqš 
ɬuuɬuučaqš 
trapping by dead-fall 
trapping with deadfall 
ʔaayuuʔaƛ 
ʔaya 
many 
-uwa 
act together with [L] 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
many were doing 

Many of them hunt together by trapping many with deadfalls.

128.810
qʷaasaaħima 
qʷaa 
thus 
-saˑħi 
because of 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
because of that it was 
ħaw̉iɬ 
ħaw̉iɬ 
be wealthy 
they were wealthy 
huuʔak ʔuyi 
huuʔak ʔuyi 
long ago 
long ago 
ʔuusaaħi 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
for this reason 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 
ʔuusaaħi 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
for this reason 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 

It is for that reason they were rich a long time ago because of the beavers and because of the bears.

128.811
ʔayiičiʔaƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs became many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The people became many.

128.812
ʔayayaƛƛaa 
ʔayayi 
give many 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they gave them many 
ƛ̉iħaqtup 
ƛ̉iħaqtup 
kinds of skins 
kinds of skins 
hiihiqtup 
hihiqtup 
different animals 
from different animals 

Again, they gave them many skins, all kinds of skins.

128.813
waɬšiʔaƛƛaa 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again they went home 

They went home again.

128.814
ʔuyaaqƛaħƛaa 
ʔuyi 
when 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(m)aˑħ 
1s.IND 
=ƛaa 
again 
I will do when 
hinatšiƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
come 
kʷisqʔičħik 
kʷisqʔičħ 
next year 
-(y)ik 
IRR.FUT 
next year 
waaʔaƛƛaa 
waa 
say 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he said again 

"I will come back next year," he said again.

128.815
hinatšiʔaƛƛaa 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they came again 
kʷisqʔičħšiʔaƛƛaa 
kʷisqʔičħšiƛ 
the next year 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again the next year  

They came again the next year.

128.816
ʔuucʔaƛ 
ʔuuc 
belong to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they owned them 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blankets 
muuʔaƛ 
muu 
four 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were four 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
Salish people 
Salish people 
č̉uučk̉aƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
all of them now 
ʔuucs 
ʔuucs 
take along 
taking along 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 

Four Salish-speaking tribes had mountain goat blankets, and they all took along mountain goat blankets.

pg. 36 begins here

128.817
ƛuyačiʔaƛ̉at 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be favourable to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
they were happy 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔunaakšiʔaƛqa 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
they now had 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
good 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 

They were happy that they had blankets, good mountain-goat blankets.

128.818
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave them 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver (skins) 
ħaʔukʷiʔaƛ 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
do in turn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
doing in turn 

They gave them beaver skins in return.

128.819
t̉aqiiỷap̉aƛ 
t̉aqiiỷap 
pay back 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they paid them back 
muuqumɬ 
muu 
four 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
four 
ʕat̉axʷaʔaq 
ʕat̉axʷaʔaq 
beaver skin 
beaver skins 

They paid them back four beaver skins.

128.820
č̉uučk̉aƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
all of them did now 
ʔuyii 
ʔuyii 
give 
giving 
muuʔii 
muu 
four 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the four 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
ʔiš 
ʔiš 
and 
and 
čimsaʔaq 
čimsaʔaq 
bearskin 
bearskins 

All (who received goat blankets) gave the four (visiting) persons bearskins.

don't understand why ʔiš is here ?

128.821
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
muuʔii 
muu 
four 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the four 

The four went home.

128.822
hiniisʔaƛ 
hiniis 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they took along 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beavers 
t̉anup̉awiʔaƛ 
t̉aanup̉awiƛ 
carry on the back 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
carrying them on their backs 

They took along the beaver (skins), packing them on their backs.

128.823
yaa 
yaa1 
that 
that 
hiɬma 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
there are 
t̉ašiiʔi 
t̉ašii 
trail 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
trail 
hisiik 
hisiikʷ 
go along 
go along 
kicaqsuʔis 
kicaqsuʔis 
Kitsucksus Creek 
Kitsucksus Creek 
ʔeʔim 
ʔeʔim 
at first 
be first to 
t̉ašiičiƛ 
t̉ašiičiƛ 
become a trail 
become a trail 

There was a trail going along Kitsucksus Creek, being the first to become a trail.

(Thompson's Stream ?)

128.824
k̉ʷaaƛk̉ʷaayaƛ 
k̉ʷaaƛk̉ʷaaya 
be breaking 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were breaking 
t̉ašiiʔi 
t̉ašii 
trail 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
trail 
ƛ̉aqaptʔi 
ƛ̉aqapt 
branch 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
branches 

They were breaking branches along the trail.

i.e., broken off branches to indicate trail, so that others might follow. This is regular Indian method of making trail.

128.825
hinasiƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
they arrived at 
hink̉uuʔasnit 
hink̉uuʔasnit 
Qualicum River 
Qualicum 

They arrived at Qualicum.

128.826
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
ħaʔukʷiʔaƛ 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
do in turn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they did in turn 
ƛuyačiʔaƛuk 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be favourable to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
being favourable to 
ʔuw̉aat̉in 
ʔuw̉aˑt̉in 
friend 
friends 

And then, they (the Huupachas) did so in turn and became good to their friends.

128.827
qʷisħitweʔin 
qʷis 
do thus 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
that is how they did so 
ƛuyačiƛuk 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be favourable to 
-uk 
IMPF 
getting to be favourable to 
ʔuw̉at̉in 
ʔuw̉aˑt̉in 
friend 
friends 

That's how they got to be their good friends.

128.828
ħaʔukʷiʔaƛ 
ħaʔukʷiƛ 
do in turn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they did in turn 
huupač̉asʔatħ 
huupač̉asʔatħ 
Huupachas people 
Huupachas tribe 

The Huupachas tribe did so in return.

128.829
ʔuutỷaap̉aƛ 
ʔuutỷaap 
bring as a gift 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they presented as a gift 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 
ƛapisim 
ƛapisim 
raccoon 
raccoon 
mucmuħaq 
mucmuħaq 
bearskin 
bearskin 
č̉uučk̉aƛ 
č̉uučk 
all 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
all of them now 
suč̉a 
suč̉a 
five 
five 
ʔutỷaap̉aƛ 
ʔuutỷaap 
bring as a gift 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
bringing them as a gift 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 

Five of them in all brought beaver, raccoon and bearskin as gifts, including two beaver (skins).

128.830
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
hisiik̉aƛ 
hisiikʷ 
go along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going along 
t̉ašiiʔakʔi 
t̉ašii 
trail 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their trail 
kʷisitaqtuuʔatħʔi 
kʷisitaqtuuʔatħ 
Other-Side tribe 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
Other-side tribe 

They went along their trail to the Other-side people.

128.831
wahaak̉aƛ 
wahaakʷ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
t̉anup̉awiʔaƛ 
t̉aanup̉awiƛ 
carry on the back 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
carrying them on their backs 

They went off carrying (goods) on their backs.

128.832
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
yeeee 
yee 
yonder 
yonder 
waɬaak̉aƛ 
waɬaakʷ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going 

They went way over there, going on their way.

pg. 37 begins here

128.833
pawaɬšiʔaƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he got lost 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
person 

One person got lost.

128.834
pawaɬšiƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
he got lost 
hiɬħ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
while he was there 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 
kʷispeeʔi 
kʷiscpaa 
other side 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other side 
ʔukɬaama 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
it is called 
ƛiisyu 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
Marked 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

One person got lost on the other side of the mountain called Marked.

128.835
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
for a long time 
haaʕinapi 
haaʕinapi 
call out 
they were calling out 

For a long time, they were calling out.

128.836
wik̉iit 
wik̉iit 
non-existent 
there was no one 

There was one there.

128.837
hiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was there 
ƛiisyu 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
Marked 
neʔiičiƛ 
neʔiičiƛ 
hear 
they heard it 
hɔɔɔɔ 
hoo+ 
waaqaa 
waa 
say 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that said it 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
čamiħtaƛ 
čamiħta 
really 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was really 
ʕaɬmaquɬ 
ʕaɬmaquɬ 
yellow cedar on the face 
Yellow Cedar-faced Ogre 

It was there at Marked they heard the Cedar Bark Ogre who said "huu+"; it was really the Yellow Cedar-faced Ogre.

Frank has always been used to saying ʕaɬmaq̉uuħ, but now he thinks he is wrong.

128.838
tuuħšiʔaƛ 
tuuħšiƛ 
fear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were frightened 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The people were afraid.

128.839
muuʔaƛ 
muu 
four 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were four 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 

They were now four, one had died.

128.840
ciqšiʔaƛ 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it spoke now 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
hɔɔ 
hoo 
+. 

The Cedar Bark Ogre was speaking, 'huu+'.

128.841
tuuħšiʔaƛ 
tuuħšiƛ 
fear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were frightened 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The people were afraid.

128.842
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
č̉aʔakʔi 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
water 
šaw̉aaʔaƛ 
šaw̉aaʔa 
flee 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they fled 

They went to the water (river) and fled.

128.843
ʔuxšiʔaƛ 
ʔuxšiƛ2 
fall over 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it fell over 
ƛ̉aqaʕas 
ƛ̉aqaʕas 
tree 
tree 
ciqšiʔaƛquu 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
when it said 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 

A tree fell down when the Cedar Bark Ogre spoke.

128.844
muup̉itweʔin 
muup̉it 
four times 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
four times 
ciqšiƛ 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
it spoke 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
hɔɔɔɔ 
hoo+ 

Four times, the Cedar Bark Ogre spoke, 'huu+'.

128.845
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the people 
č̉aʔakʔi 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
water 
susšiʔaƛ 
susšiƛ 
swim 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
starting to swim 

The people went to the water and swam.

128.846
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it did not 
ƛawiičiƛ 
ƛawiičiƛ 
approach 
approach 
ʕaɬmaquuħʔi 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the Cedarbark Ogre 
č̉aʔak 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
water 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where they were 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The Cedar Bark Ogre did not approach the water where the people were.

128.847
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
for a long time 
susmaɬn̉i 
susmaɬn̉i 
swim about on water 
they were swimming about on the water 
quuʔasm̉inħʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the people 

For a long time, the people were swimming around in the water.

128.848
hiikʷaɬ 
hiikʷaɬ 
nearly 
they were nearly 
qaħkʷačiik 
qaaħakʷiƛ 
all die off 
-ˀiikʷ2 
HYP.FUT 
all being killed 

They came near to all being killed.

128.849
p̉usšiʔaƛ 
p̉usšiƛ 
get tired 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got tired now 

Then they got tired.

128.850
huʔacačiʔaƛ 
huʔacačiƛ 
return 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it returned 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
ƛiisyu 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
Marked 
hiɬukʔitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-uk 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where his was 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 

The Cedar Bark Ogre returned to Marked where his house was.

pg. 38 begins here

128.851
wiħiisaʔaƛ 
wiħiisaƛ 
come to shore 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they came to shore 
quuʔasm̉inħʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the people 

The people got to dry land.

128.852
pawaɬšiʔaƛuk 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
theirs had been lost now 
ʕat̉uum̉inħukʔi 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
-m̉inħ 
PL 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their beavers (skins) 
ʔuusaaħaƛ 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because of 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
muuʔii 
muu 
four 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the four 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

The four people lost their beaver skins because of the Cedar Bark Ogre.

128.853
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
timqaaʔaƛ 
timqaa 
be wading 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
wading through the water 
hinatšiʔaƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
coming 

They went home, wading through the water coming to this place.

128.854
wik̉aƛ 
wik 
not 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they did not 
waɬaak 
waɬaakʷ 
go 
going to 
kʷiscpinƛ 
kʷiscpinawiƛ 
get to the other side 
getting to the other side 

They did not get to the other side.

128.855
wik̉iitšiƛuk 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs had disappeared 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 

Their beavers had disappeared.

128.856
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
walk 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
walking 
hinasiʔaƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
arriving at 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 
yaa 
yaa1 
that 
that 
ʔapp̉iqeʔi 
ʔapp̉iq 
summit 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
summit 

They set off walking home, arriving at the summit of the mountain.

Refers to mountain called č̉iitaan̉uʔas, first mountain to cross on trail along kicuχis creek.

128.857
ciqšiʔaƛ 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he spoke now 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
naʔaaʔat 
naʔaˑ 
hear 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was heard 
hɔɔɔɔ 
hoo+ 
našuk 
našuk 
strong 
strongly 
ciiqciiqa 
ciiqciiqa 
speaking 
talking 

The Cedar Bark Ogre spoke strongly 'huu+' being heard.

128.858
kamitqšiʔaƛ 
kamitqšiƛ 
run 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they ran off 
tuuħuk̉ʷaƛ 
tuuħuk 
afraid 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
being afraid 
quqʷaasʔi 
quuʔas 
person.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the people 

The people ran off, being afraid.

128.859
hiɬħʔaƛweʔin 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it was there 
pawaɬšiʔaƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he was lost 
c̉awaak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
one 

It was there, (another) one was lost.

128.860
wik̉at 
wik 
not 
-ˀat 
PASS 
they did not do 
naaw̉aħiičiʔat 
naaw̉aħiičiƛ 
wait for 
-ˀat 
PASS 
wait for him 
qačc̉aaƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were three 

They did not wait for him, then there were three.

128.861
kamitqšiʔaƛ 
kamitqšiƛ 
run 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they ran off 
kamitquk̉ʷaƛ 
kamitqʷ 
run 
-uk 
IMPF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
running 
n̉aas 
n̉aas 
day 
day 

They ran off, running all day.

128.862
šaw̉aaʔaƛ 
šaw̉aaʔa 
flee 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they fled 
ʔuusaaħiweʔin 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
because 
kamatšiƛ 
kamatšiƛ 
find out 
they found out that 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
hiɬuk 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-uk 
POSS 
his was there 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 
ƛiisyu 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
Marked 

They were frightened off because they found out that the Cedar Bark Ogre's house was at Marked.

128.863
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their houses 

They went home to their houses.

128.864
ʔuumutaqaƛ 
ʔuumitaqa 
tell about 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they told them about 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔaƛasuuƛ 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-sawiƛ1 
die 
two had died 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
look at 
looking at 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
n̉ačuʔaɬčip 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
-čiˑp 
INDIR 
they saw his 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his house 

They told them that two were dead and that they had seen the Cedar Bark Ogre and his house.

pg. 39 begins here

128.865
ʕiiħšiʔaƛ 
ʕiiħšiƛ 
start to cry 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they began to cry 
ɬuucsaamiiħʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the women 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
qaħšiƛukqa 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-uk 
POSS 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
theirs had died 
čakup 
čakup 
husband 
husbands 

The two women began to cry that their husbands had died.

128.866
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then 
ƛaaʔuuk̉ʷaƛ 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was another time 
waɬaak̉aƛ 
waɬaakʷ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going to 
qačc̉aaƛ 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were three 

And then, the three (same ones) went off again.

128.867
waɬaak̉aƛ 
waɬaakʷ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
kʷiscpeeʔi 
kʷiscpaa 
other side 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
other side 

They went to the other side.

128.868
hišink̉aƛ 
hišinkʷ 
together with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they stayed together  
suuʔaƛ 
suu 
hold 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
holding 
kʷikʷinksatʔi 
kʷikʷinksu 
hand 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their hands 
wikʔaaqƛ 
wik 
not 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
so they would not 
pawaɬšiƛ 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
get lost 

They were together holding their hands so as not to get lost.

128.869
kamatsap̉aƛʔi 
kamatsap 
find out 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
they found out 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
house 

They found out where the house of Cedar Bark Ogre was.

Some say ʔiʔišsuʔiɬ is his wife.

128.870
ƛuuɬƛuuɬaƛ 
ƛuuɬƛuuɬa 
do slowly 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they did slowly 
yaacuk 
yaacuk 
walk 
walking 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
maʔas 
maʔas 
house 
house 
ƛiisyu 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
Marked 
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
giving it 
ʕimtii 
ʕimtii 
name 
name 
ƛiisyuu 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
Marked 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 

They walked slowly to where the house of the Cedar Bark Ogre was at Marked, giving the mountain the name "Marked".

128.871
hitapaƛ 
hitapa 
go past 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
go past 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 

They went past the mountain.

128.872
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
yeeee 
yee 
yonder 
yonder 
ʔeʔimʔaƛ 
ʔeʔim 
at first 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
for the first time 
n̉ačaɬačiƛ 
n̉ačaɬačiƛ 
behold 
looking at 
kʷiscpeeʔi 
kʷiscpaa 
other side 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
other side 
hink̉uuʔasnit 
hink̉uuʔasnit 
Qualicum River 
Qualicum River 

They went all the way there, for the first time seeing the other side of Qualicum River.

128.873
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they told now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔuyuʔaɬqa 
ʔuyuʔaɬ 
see 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that they had seen 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
ʔaƛasuuƛqa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-sawiƛ1 
die 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that two had died 
qaħšiƛ 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
died 
hiɬukč̉aš 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-uk 
POSS 
-č̉aˑʕaš 
3.INFER 
where it turned out was his 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ƛiisyuʔi 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
at Marked 
nučii 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
mountain 

They told them that they had seen the Cedar Bark Ogre and that two had died where it turned out was his house at the mountain of Marked.

128.874
ʔiiqħuk̉ʷaƛ 
ʔiiqħuk 
tell 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he told now 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
pawaɬšiƛuk 
pawaɬšiƛ 
lose 
-uk 
IMPF 
losing 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beavers 
muu 
muu 
four 
four 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

He said that the four persons had lost their beavers.

128.875
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 

They went home.

128.876
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were given 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blankets 

They were given mountain goat blankets.

128.877
čuu 
čuu1 
ok 
ok 
wiinaaqƛin 
wiina 
war party 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ni 
1p.ABS 
we will go on a war party 
ʔucačiƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
going to 
ƛiisyu 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
Marked 

"Well, we will go on a war party, going to Marked"

pg. 40 begins here

128.878
wiinaaƛ 
wiina 
attack 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
going on a raid 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
Salish people 
Salish people 
kʷisitaqtuʔatħ 
kʷisitaqtuuʔatħ 
Other-Side tribe 
Other-Side tribe 
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ħayučink 
ħayu 
ten 
-(č,k)inkʷ3 
together with 
together with ten 

Ten of the Salish people from the Other-side band went on a raid with them to Marked.

128.879
ʔuucsʔaƛ 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they took along 
n̉uħuk 
n̉uħ 
smoulder 
-uk 
IMPF 
their slow-burning 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
maƛyuu 
maƛyuu 
tied 
tied 
maaƛaan̉uɬ 
maaƛaan̉uɬ 
tie along s.t. 
tied along 
ʔaħkuu 
ʔaħkuu 
thus 
thus 
pisuus 
pisuus 
tinder 
tinder 

They had along with them their slow-burning fire tied along with the tinder.

*better: ʔuucsʔaƛ (Fr.) original was ʔunaanak̉aƛ.

128.880
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛ 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
set on the fire 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started a fire 
hiɬħʔap̉aƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
being there 

At that place they made a fire.

128.881
puuxšiʔaƛ 
puuxšiƛ 
blow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they blew 
n̉uħukʔi 
n̉uħ 
smoulder 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their smouldering fire 

They blew on their slow burning fire.

128.882
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛ 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
start to burn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it started to burn 

It started to burn.

128.883
č̉uħiiỷap̉aƛ 
č̉uħiiỷap 
extinguish a fire 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
then they put out 
pisuusukʔi 
pisuus 
tinder 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their tinder 

Then they put out their tinder.

128.884
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 

They went home.

128.885
ʔink̉ʷačiʔaƛ 
ʔink̉ʷačiƛ 
start to burn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it started to burn 
nism̉eʔi 
nism̉a 
land 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the land 

The land started to burn.

128.886
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it went to 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
hiɬukʔitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-uk 
POSS 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where his was 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 

The fire went to where the house of the Cedar Bark Ogre was.

128.887
sayaaqħʔaƛ 
sayaˑ 
far off 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
while they were still far off 
neʔiičiƛ 
neʔiičiƛ 
hear 
they heard it 
ciqšiʔaƛ 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
speaking now 
ʕaɬmaquuħʔi 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the Cedarbark Ogre 
kamitquk̉ʷaƛ 
kamitqʷ 
run 
-uk 
POSS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he ran with his 
šaw̉aaʔaƛ 
šaw̉aaʔa 
flee 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they fled 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 

From far off, they could hear the Cedar Bark Ogre speaking now, and the young men ran away fleeing.

128.888
ciqšiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ciqšiƛ 
speak 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he would speak then 
naʔaaʔat 
naʔaˑ 
hear 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it was heard 
ħasʕaƛ̉aƛquuweʔin 
ħasʕaƛ 
make a loud noise 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
that he was making a loud noise 
hɔɔɔɔ 
hoo+ 

They could hear the Cedar Bark Ogre speaking, making a loud sound 'huu+'.

128.889
kamitquk̉ʷaƛ 
kamitqʷ 
run 
-uk 
POSS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they ran  
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
ħayu 
ħayu 
ten 
ten 

The ten young men ran.

128.890
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went home 
hineeʔiƛ 
hineeʔiƛ 
enter house 
they entered 
maħt̉iiʔakʔi 
maħt̉ii 
house 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their houses 
hink̉uuʔasnitʔatħ 
hink̉uuʔasnitʔatħ 
Qualicum tribe 
Qualicum tribe 

The Qualicum tribe went home and entered their houses.

128.891
n̉aačsaaƛ 
n̉aacsa 
see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they saw 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 
ʔink̉aƛqa 
ʔinkʷ 
burn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that it was burning 

They saw the mountain burning.

128.892
suč̉ačiɬšiƛ 
suč̉a 
five 
-čiˑɬ 
... days 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
it did so for five days 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
burn 
burning 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 

The mountain was on fire for five days.

pg. 41 begins here

128.893
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛitweʔinqač̉a 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weʔinqač̉a 
3.DUB.QT 
and then he must have done so 
qaħšiƛitquu 
qaħšiƛ 
die 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that he died 
wikitquu 
wik 
not 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-quu1 
3.CND 
or he might not have done 
kʷiscačiƛitquu 
kʷiscačiƛ 
go to another place 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that he went to another place 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
ʕaɬmaquuħ 
Cedar Bark Ogre 
Cedar Bark Ogre 

And then the Cedar Bark Ogre may have been killed or he might instead have gone off to another place.

128.894
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛitweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then he did 
wik̉iitšiʔaƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
disappear 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
disappearing 
wiktaqšiʔaƛ 
wiktaqšiƛ 
never do 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they never did 
ciqšiƛuʔaɬ 
ciqšiƛuʔaɬ 
hear s.o. speaking 
hear s.o. speaking 

He disappeared and they never heard him speaking again.

128.895
saač̉inkšiʔaƛ 
saač̉inkʷ 
always 
-šiƛ 
PRF 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started always doing so 
yaacuk 
yaacuk 
go 
going 

They began to be always going (back and forth).

128.896
wikuʔaɬʔaƛquuweʔin 
wikuʔaɬ 
not see 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they would never see him 

They never used to see him any more.

128.897
ƛuɬʔaƛ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it became good 
nism̉eʔi 
nism̉a 
land 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the land 
ʔuusaaħaƛ 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
because of 
ʔinkitʔi 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
-(m)it 
former 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the former fire 

The land became good because of the fire.

128.898
ƛuyačiƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
it became good 
nism̉eʔi 
nism̉a 
land 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the land 
ƛiisyuu 
ƛiisyu 
Marked 
Marked 

Marked became a good land.

128.899
ʔuwiimitweʔin 
ʔuwii 
be first 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they were the first 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
thinking about 
ʔink̉ʷaỷap 
ʔink̉ʷaỷap 
light a fire 
setting on fire 
nučiiʔi 
nučiˑ 
mountain 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the mountain 
huuʔak ʔuyi 
huuʔak ʔuyi 
long ago 
long ago 

It was they who first thought about setting the mountain on fire a long time ago.

128.900
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛitweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then they did 
ʔuutỷaap̉aƛ 
ʔuutỷaap 
bring as a gift 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they presented as a gift 
ʔayačink̉aƛ 
ʔayačinkʷ 
many together 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many together 
ħayučink̉aƛ 
ħayu 
ten 
-(č,k)inkʷ3 
together with 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
ten go along together 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 

And then the many together, ten together, brought mountain goat blankets as gift.

128.901
ħayusiħʔiiʔaƛ 
ħayu 
ten 
-siˑħʔii 
go present gifts to ... 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they sent ten to present gifts 
huupač̉asʔatħ 
huupač̉asʔatħ 
Huupachas people 
Huupachas tribe 

The Huupachas tribe sent ten people to give presents.

128.902
wiiciqnakšiʔaƛ 
wiiciqnakšiƛ 
be well off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got to be well off  

They got to be well off.

128.903
ƛuyačiʔaƛuk 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be attractive 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
they got good 
m̉uč̉ičtup 
m̉uč̉ičtup 
clothing 
clothing 

They got good clothing.

128.904
ʔayiičiʔaƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
they got many 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 

They had many blankets.

128.905
ħaʔuuyaƛ 
ħaʔuuyi 
give in turn 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave in turn 
ʕaɬmaqaɬukʔi 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
cedar-bark cloth 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their cedar-bark cloth 
ʔuʔiip̉aƛ 
ʔuʔiip 
give to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
giving to 
ʕuusapʔatħʔi 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
Salish people 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
Salish people 

In return, they gave their cedarbark cloth to the Salish people.

128.906
ƛuɬnaakšiƛ 
ƛuɬnaakšiƛ 
get to have good ones 
they got good 
ʕuusapʔatħʔi 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
Salish people 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
Salish people 
ʕaɬmaqaɬʔi 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
cedar-bark cloth 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cedarbark cloth 

The Salish people got the good cedar-bark cloth.

128.907
ʔeʔim 
ʔeʔim 
at first 
it was the first time 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
n̉ačuʔaɬ 
see 
they saw it 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
ʕaɬmaqaɬ 
cedar-bark cloth 
cedar-bark cloth 

It was the first time they saw cedar-bark cloth.

pg. 42 begins here

128.908
ħaʔuuʔisʔaƛuk 
ħaʔuuʔis 
give in exchange 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs was given in exchange 
ʔuʔiis 
ʔuʔiis 
consume 
as exchange 
ʔiiħʔii 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the big 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 

Their big mountain goat blankets were given in exchange.

128.909
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 

There were many blankets.

128.910
ƛuyačiʔaƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got well 

They got to be better (in appearance).

128.911
qaaciiʔaƛ 
qaaciˑ 
give present 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave her 
siʔiɬ 
siʔiɬ 
firedrill 
a firedrill 
ʔuyiiʔaƛ 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
giving it to 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
a young woman 
siʔiɬayatʔi 
siʔiɬayi 
give a fire-drill 
-ˀat 
PASS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the one to whom they gave a firedrill 

They gave a firedrill as a present to a young woman, the one who was given a firedrill.

128.912
maakuk̉ʷaƛ 
maakuk 
buy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they paid 
ɬučħaaʔaƛ 
ɬučħaa 
pay bride price 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
paying bride price 
siʔiỷisʔaƛuk 
siʔiɬ 
firedrill 
-ˀiˑs1 
cost 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs costing a firedrill 

It cost them a firedrill to pay the brideprice.

128.913
wiiciqnakšiʔaƛ 
wiiciqnakšiƛ 
be well off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got to be well off for 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 
ƛuyačiʔaƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was good 
ʔink 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
fire 

They got to be well-provided with a good fire.

128.914
čamiħtiičiʔaƛuk 
čamiħtiičiƛ 
become real 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
they became real 
ʔuw̉aat̉in 
ʔuw̉aˑt̉in 
friend 
friends 
ʕuusapʔatħʔi 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
Salish people 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
Salish people 
huupač̉asʔatħʔi 
huupač̉asʔatħ 
Huupachas people 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the Huupachas 

The Huupachas tribe and the Salish tribe became really good friends.

128.915
maakuk̉ʷaƛquuweʔin 
maakuk 
buy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they would buy 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
ħaakʷaaƛ 
young woman 
young women 
ʔuyiiʔaƛquuweʔin 
ʔuyii 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they would give 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 

They (Huupachas tribe) would also buy young women by giving mountain goat blankets.

128.916
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they increased 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 

The mountain goat blankets increased.

128.917
ƛuyačiʔaƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got well 
maʔasitʔi 
maʔas 
tribe 
-(m)it 
former 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the former tribe 
č̉uučk 
č̉uučk 
all 
all 
ʔunaakšiʔaƛ 
ʔunaakšiƛ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they got to have 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 

All the tribe got to be good, having blankets.

128.918
yaacšiʔaƛ 
yaacšiƛ 
go 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went off 
ʔucačiʔaƛ 
ʔucačiƛ 
go to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they went to 
m̉uuħuuɬ 
m̉uuħuuɬ 
Great Central Lake 
Great Central lake 
ħaaw̉iiħaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young men 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
three 
ʔuʔuk̉ʷič̉aƛ 
DUP- 
DIST 
ʔuk̉ʷič 
wearing 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
each wears now 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blanket 

Three young men, clothed in mountain goat blankets, went to (Stamps R. and) Great Central lake.

They must, then, have been c̉uumaʕasʔatħ.

128.919
hinasiƛ 
hinasiƛ 
arrive 
they arrived 
ʔayeʔi 
ʔaya 
many 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the many 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Many people arrived.

128.920
ƛutƛuuɬuk 
ƛuɬ 
good.pl 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs were good 
k̉acħaq 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
blankets 

Their blankets were good.

128.921
hayaaʔak̉atuk 
hayaaʔakʷ 
not know 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
IMPF 
they did not know 
qʷiqukʷii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-uk 
POSS 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
whose they were 
k̉acħaqukʔi 
k̉acħaq 
blanket 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their blankets 

They did not know whose blankets they were.

pg. 43 begins here

128.922
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ʔuusaaħima 
ʔuusaaħi 
for this reason 
-maˑ 
3.IND 
it was for that reason 
ƛuɬ 
ƛuɬ 
good 
good 
wiiciqnak 
wiiciqnakʷ 
be well off 
are well off 
m̉uč̉ič 
m̉uč̉ič 
clothed 
clothed 

It was for that reason they were well-off, provided with clothing.

128.923
t̉apatšiƛqa 
t̉apatšiƛ 
invent 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
it was he that invented it 
c̉awaakħ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
being the one 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
making 
ɬuučiis 
ɬuučiˑs 
deadfall trap 
deadfall trap 
ʔuʕaštqa 
ʔuuʕašt 
obtain 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
he had got them 
ƛuyaỷap 
ƛuyaỷap 
do nicely 
doing nicely 
m̉uč̉ič 
m̉uč̉ič 
clothed 
clothed 
wiiciqnaksapqa 
wiiciqnaksap 
make s.o. prosper 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
making them prosper 

It was the one who thought of making deadfall traps who caused people to be well clothed, who caused people to be well-off.

128.924
ʔayiičiʔaƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs became many 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blankets 

Their mountain goat blankets became many.

128.925
ħaw̉iičiʔaƛ 
ħaw̉iičiƛ 
become rich 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he became rich 
t̉apatšiƛitʔi 
t̉apatšiƛ 
invent 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the one who invented it 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
ʔuukʷiɬ 
Obj. Marker 
refer to 
ɬuučiis 
ɬuučiˑs 
deadfall trap 
deadfall trap 

The one who invented the deadfall trap became rich.

128.926
ʔayiičiʔaƛ 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
increase 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were many 
t̉aat̉aapata 
t̉aat̉aapata 
be planning 
planning 
qʷičiiɬʔaaqƛii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-(č,kʷ)iiɬ1 
make [L] 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
that which they would make 

There were many thinking about what they were going to make next.

128.927
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he thought about it 
c̉awaakħʔaƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was one 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaaqƛqa 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that he would make them 
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
boards 
ʔaƛa 
ʔaƛa 
two 
two 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
deliberate 

There was one who was thinking of making boards, two thought it out.

128.928
ʔuħtinʔakitweʔin 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀak 
POSS 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
theirs use to be made of 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 
c̉aqmisukʔi 
c̉aqmis 
bark 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bark of 
ħumiis 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
red cedar 

Their house used to be made out of red cedar bark.

Huupachas Indians used to use bark houses when out camping. They were nearly flat-roofed except fo slight pitch on each side from center. They were madeof red or yellow cedar bark. Were provided with four walls of bark laid on lengthwise. Two rows would not meet straight, but always slanting, so aas to keep out rain better. Height of house only about five feet. Coast tribes did not make bark houses. Some were square and had two poles at each corner between which ran long bark pieces (8 in. - 1 ft. wide; 14 in. wide for roof). Such houses were called <c̉aqimɬ>. Another variety of bark house was <yučkqeʔas "narrow on top house"> These were built on two crotched poles in which long pole was placed. Bark was leaned up against these on each side; they did not come to point, but one side was higher than other, to prevent rain from coming in. Bark leaned at ends, not tied. If storm comes, lay poles on outside of bark.

128.929
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started making it 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiʔaƛ 
c̉uuxc̉uuxšiƛ 
be chiselling 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
chiselling 
ʔuuħw̉ink 
ʔuuħw̉inkʷ 
using 
using 
qʷiiƛ̉inʔakʔi 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
bone chisel 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
with his bone chisel 

They started making it, chiselling using his elk-bone chisel.

Using taaqw̉inỷak as hammer at the same time.

128.930
ʔuxšiʔaƛuk 
ʔuxšiƛ2 
fall over 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
his fell over 
ħumiis 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
red cedar 

He felled a red cedar.

128.931
qacc̉iiɬukweʔin 
qacc̉a 
three 
-ỷaɬ 
... fathoms 
-uk 
POSS 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
his was three fathoms long 
ħumiis 
ħumiis 
red cedar 
red cedar 

His red cedar was three fathoms long.

128.932
c̉uxħtaỷap̉aƛ 
c̉uxħtaỷap 
chisel apart 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he chiselled it off 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
boards 

He chiseled off that length to make boards.

128.933
ƛačiʔaƛ 
ƛačiƛ 
split 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he split them 
ʔuuħw̉ink̉aƛ 
ʔuuħw̉inkʷ 
using 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
using 
ƛanatukʔi 
ƛanat 
wedge 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
his wedges 

He split them using his wedges.

128.934
n̉upup̉iɬuk 
n̉upu 
six 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-uk 
POSS 
he had six 
ƛanat 
ƛanat 
wedge 
wedges 

He had six wedges.

pg. 44 begins here

128.935
muumink̉ap 
muuminkʷ 
four fingerwidths 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
he made them four finger-widths 
ʔaniit̉uk 
ʔaniit̉uk 
thickness 
thickness 
ƛačiʔaƛ 
ƛačiƛ 
drive a wedge 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
driving wedges 

He made (a board) four finger-widths thick, driving wedges.

128.936
ƛuɬuk 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-uk 
POSS 
his was good 
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
board 
w̉iiħtačiʔaƛuk 
w̉iiħtačiƛ 
split off in slab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
his split off 

His board were good, splitting off (by wedging).

128.937
ƛaaʔuukƛaa 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
=ƛaa 
again 
he did another one again 

He did another one.

128.938
ƛačiƛƛaa 
ƛačiƛ 
split 
=ƛaa 
again 
he split it 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
using 
n̉upup̉iɬuk 
n̉upu 
six 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-uk 
IMPF 
his six 
ƛanat 
ƛanat 
wedge 
wedges 

He split it again using his six wedges.

128.939
ʔaƛiičiʔaƛuk 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
he got two  
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
boards 
ƛutƛuuɬuk 
ƛuɬ 
good.pl 
-uk 
POSS 
his were good 

He had two boards, each of his was good.

128.940
ƛačiʔaƛƛaa 
ƛačiƛ 
drive a wedge 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he drove wedges again 
ƛaaʔuuk̉ʷaƛƛaa 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again he got another one 

Again, he drove wedges, getting another one.

128.941
n̉iƛ̉iiʔaƛukƛaa 
n̉iƛ̉iiƛ 
fall onto ground 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
=ƛaa 
again 
his were down on the ground on the back 
qačc̉iičiʔaƛuk 
qacc̉a 
three 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his were now three 

His three (boards) were down (on their backs) on the ground.

i.e., threw it down so that side which was uppermost when wedging now rested on the ground.

128.942
n̉upuučiƛukweʔin 
n̉upu 
six 
-iičiƛ 
INC 
-uk 
IMPF 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
then he got six 
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
boards 

Then he got six boards now.

128.943
čiičiʔaƛ 
čiičiƛ 
pull 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were pulling 
ʔaaƛpuuweʔin 
ʔaƛpu 
seven 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
there were seven 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 
čiiħt̉asʔap 
čiiħt̉asʔap 
pull out of the woods 
pulling them out of the woods 
ɬuʔukʔi 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the boards 

There were seven people engaging in pulling the boards out of the woods.

128.944
ʔuwiiweʔin 
ʔuwii 
be first 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
he was the first 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
think about 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛʔi 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
=ʔiˑ 
REL 
the making of it 
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
boards 

He was the one who first thought about making boards.

128.945
waɬšiʔaƛ 
waɬšiƛ 
go home 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he went home 
maħt̉iiỷap̉aƛ 
maħt̉iiỷap 
set up a house 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
setting up a house 

He went home and set up a house.

128.946
ʔuỷiħtaqsap̉aƛ 
ʔuỷiħtaqsap 
make from 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made it from 
ɬuʔukukʔi 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his boards 

He made (the house) from his boards.

128.947
waaỷaqstuʔaƛ 
waaỷaqstawiƛ 
think 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they made up their minds 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ỷuuqʷaaʔaaqƛ 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
they will also do 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
making it 
ƛaƛuuʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the others 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
people 

Other people made up their minds that they should also be making (boards).

128.948
suč̉aweʔin 
suč̉a 
five 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
there were five 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
making 
ỷuuqʷaa 
ỷuuqʷaa 
also 
also 

There were five working as well.

128.949
n̉upaaƛ 
n̉upu 
six 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there were six now 
ʔuupaaɬ 
ʔuupaaɬ2 
along with 
along with 
yaqwiiʔitq 
yaqwii 
first 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
the one who was first 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
thinking of it 

There were six now, including the one who first thought it out.

128.950
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
uh 
uh 
qʷisħitweʔin 
qʷis 
do thus 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
that was how they got to be doing 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
making 
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
boards 
c̉awaakħ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
being one 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
thought about it 

That was how they got to making boards, there being one who (first) thought of it.

pg. 45 begins here

128.951
qiičiʔaƛquuweʔin 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they did so for a long time 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
working with 
c̉awaakukqa 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-uk 
IMPF 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that theirs was one 
mamuỷak 
mamuỷakʷ 
tool 
tool 
qʷiiƛ̉inʔakʔi 
qʷiiƛ̉in 
bone chisel 
-ˀak 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
their bone chisel 
c̉aawaħw̉aɬqa 
c̉awaˑ 
one 
-ħw̉aɬ 
use [L] 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that they used one 
c̉aawaksak 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-sasa 
only [L] 
-ˀak 
POSS 
theirs was only one 
mamuỷak 
mamuỷakʷ 
tool 
tool 

For a long time they used to work with one tool which was their elk-bone chisel, which was the only tool they were using.

128.952
ƛaħn̉iiʔaƛ 
ƛaħn̉ii 
come recently 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
later came 
č̉aħỷak 
č̉aħỷakʷ 
hand adze 
hand adze 
histaqšiƛ 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
coming from  
kʷiscpeeʔi 
kʷiscpaa 
other side 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the other side 

Later, the hand adze came from the other side.

128.953
histaqšiƛweʔin 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it came from 
ʔiiʔišaʔaaɬʔatħ 
ʔiiʔišaʔaaɬʔatħ 
Sechelt tribe 
Sechelt tribe 

It came from the Sechelt tribe.

Once some East Coast Indians, camping in Somass Valley, stole ħayuupinuuɬ's little sister. She was about 8 years old. She knew she came from ʕeeƛaa, ħayuupinuuɬ's father. She was sold as slave to ʕeeʔeeckʷi. She was sold as slave to ʔiiʔišaʔaaɬʔatħ. There are several people among this tribe descended from her. Her grandsons are "brothers" of Watty Shewish. They are looked upon as "chiefs" in this tribe, but slaves on mainland.

128.954
č̉aħỷak 
č̉aħỷakʷ 
hand adze 
hand adze 
ʔapaasʔis 
ʔapaˑs 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
a little one 
cikiminʔis 
cikimin 
iron 
-ʔis 
DIM 
small iron blade 
ħayuqumỷis 
ħayu 
ten 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-ˀiˑs1 
cost 
it was worth ten 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beavers 
qaqacc̉inkʷaɬʔis 
DUP- 
SUF 
qacc̉a 
three 
-(č,k)inkʷ3 
together with 
-aɬ1 
attached to 
-ʔis 
DIM 
little blade of three fingerwidths 

The little hand adze with a blade of three finger-widths was worth ten beavers.

Better (Frank Williams): cikipqaɬʔis: blade with small piece of iron. The adzing tool, chopping thing bladed with small piece of iron

mistake in original translation: 2 finger-widths.

128.955
č̉aaħč̉aaħšiʔaƛ 
č̉aaħč̉aaħšiƛ 
start to adze 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they started to adze 

They started adzing.

128.956
ʔaak̉uuʔaƛ̉atukquuweʔin 
ʔaak̉ʷawiƛ 
borrow 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
PASS 
-uk 
IMPF 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
his would be borrowed 
ʔukʷiiɬʔaƛ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
making 
č̉apac 
č̉apac 
canoe 
canoe 
č̉aħỷakuk 
č̉aħỷakʷ 
hand adze 
-uk 
POSS 
his hand adze 

His hand adze used to be borrowed in making canoes.

128.957
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛitweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then he did 
n̉uššiʔaƛ 
n̉uššiƛ 
give a potlatch 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
giving a potlatch 
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
thinking of 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 
ʔuʔuʔiiħitʔi 
ʔuʔuʔiiħ 
hunt 
-(m)it 
PAST 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the one who was hunting them 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beavers 

And then, the man, the one who was catching beavers, was thinking of potlatching.

128.958
ħaw̉iičiʔaƛ 
ħaw̉iičiƛ 
become rich 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he became rich 

He got rich.

128.959
ʔayiičiʔaƛuk 
ʔaayiičiƛ 
get much 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his became many 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blankets 

He had many mountain goat blankets (in exchange for beaver skins)

128.960
n̉uššiʔaƛ 
n̉uššiƛ 
distribute property 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he distributed 
qačc̉a 
qacc̉a 
three 
three 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blankets 

He distributed three mountain goat blankets (in a potlatch).

128.961
ƛ̉iqsaap̉aƛ 
ƛ̉iqsaap 
untie 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he untied it 
ƛ̉iqkʷaaʔap̉aƛ 
ƛ̉iqkʷaaʔap 
loosen up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
loosening it 

He untied it, loosening it up.

128.962
n̉uššiʔaƛ 
n̉uššiƛ 
distribute property 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he distributed  
ħayup̉iw̉isʔap 
ħayu 
ten 
-p̉iˑɬʷ1 
... long objects 
-ˀiˑs1 
consume 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
consuming ten lengths 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
č̉učmaqaɬ 
mountain-goat blanket 
mountain-goat blankets 

He distributed ten lengths of mountain goat blankets.

128.963
hiiɬħʔaƛ 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was 
c̉ušukʔi 
c̉ušuk 
new 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
a new 
maħt̉ii 
maħt̉ii 
house 
house 

There was a new house.

pg. 46 begins here

128.964
ƛuɬʔaƛuk 
ƛuɬ 
good 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
its were good 
ɬuʔuk 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
boards 
ƛuɬʔaƛ̉at 
ƛuɬ 
happy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
he was happy 
ɬim̉aqsti 
ɬim̉aqsti 
mind 
mind 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 

Its boards were good and the man was happy.

128.965
hawiiʔaƛ 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they finished 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
and then 
hininʔaƛƛaa 
hinin 
come 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
also 
they also came again 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
Salish people 
Salish people 

They finished and then the Salish people arrived again.

Old Huupachas evidently had more dealings in earlier days with East coast people than with West coast. This is because they were Salish-speaking, East coast was nearer in out ? line, head of Alberni Canal does not seem to have been peopled in earlier days, and Huupachas were poor seamen and did not venture down canal. Only when Hikuuhl and Tsishaath settled Somass country, were they subjected to West Coast influence. Most songs with East Coast words come from Mowachath, who get them from Kwakiutl. Some kwikwaala songs were obtained from Haida and particularly Sitka Indians; they were learned when Nootka Indian tribes anchored at Sitka in sealing schooners that went to Bering Sea. Tsishaath got idea of these songs from Kyuquot. Haida and Kyuquot used to have dealings in days before whites. Not hard to cross over in canoe in fine weather. Nootkas had 60 ft. long war canoes called ƛ̉icuuɬ, referring to paintings on bow and stern.

128.966
ʔuħʔaƛ 
ʔuħ 
is 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was 
hišcuqʷati 
hišcuqʷati 
abalone 
abalone 
ʔuucsʔaƛ 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were taking along 
hinatšiƛ 
hinatšiƛ 
come 
coming 

They came, taking along abalone.

128.967
ʔiiħw̉aqƛuk 
ʔiiħw̉aqƛ 
costly 
-uk 
POSS 
theirs was high-priced 
hišcuqʷati 
hišcuqʷati 
abalone 
abalone 

Theirs were high-priced abalone.

128.968
qaqačc̉ink 
DUP- 
SUF 
qacc̉a 
three 
-n̉uk 
in or on the hand(s) [R] 
they were three finger-widths 
miɬcayuuk 
miɬcayuuk 
square 
square 
hišcuqʷati 
hišcuqʷati 
abalone 
abalone 

They were three finger-width square abalones.

ỷučkcayuuk "angle-shaped"; ʔucayuuk "running that way, in that direction"

128.969
histaqšiʔaƛ 
histaqšiƛ 
come from 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they came from 
yiiquɬtaʔatħ 
ỷiiqwiɬtaʔatħ 
Cape Mudge Indians 
Cape Mudge Indians 

They came from the Cape Mudge Indians.

128.970
hayimħi 
hayimħi 
not know 
they did not know 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
qʷiqii 
qʷi(q) 
REL 
-(y)ii 
3.INDF-REL 
what it might be 
ʔukɬaa 
ʔukɬaa 
name 
name 
yiiquɬtaʔatħ 
ỷiiqwiɬtaʔatħ 
Cape Mudge Indians 
Cape Mudge Indians 

They did not know what might be called "Cape Mudge Indians".

128.971
c̉awaak̉aƛ 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
there was one 
kuħʔat 
kuħ 
hole 
-ˀat 
INAL 
open 
p̉ap̉ii 
p̉ap̉iˑ 
ear 
ear 

There was one with a hole through his ear.

Among Tsishaath Inidans they used to put two or three holes generally, sometimes many, in each ear at about age of two or three, for wearing hihinakum. They used to have little hemlock twigs which were first allowed to get thoroughly dry, then sharpened at one end and charred to make very hard. Prick hole, leave it there till after breaking off ends, then it would fall out when wound heals up after about one week.

128.972
hihinakawiʔaƛ 
hihinakawiƛ 
put ornaments in ears 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he put ornaments in his ears 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔuỷakqa 
ʔuỷakʷ 
used for 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
used for 
hihinakum 
hihinakum 
earrings 
earrings 
hišcuqʷatiʔi 
hišcuqʷati 
abalone 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the abalone 

The chief put ornaments in his ears such that the abalone was used as earrings.

ƛ̉iƛ̉isakuɬ "white in soft part of ear below"; hihinakuɬ "lower part of ear".

128.973
maakuk̉ʷaƛ 
maakuk 
trade 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he traded 
ħaw̉iɬʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chief 
ʔaƛqimỷisuk 
ʔaƛa 
two 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
-ˀiˑs1 
cost 
-uk 
POSS 
his cost two 
mucmuħaq 
mucmuħaq 
bearskin 
bearskin 

The chief traded two bearskins worth (for abalone).

128.974
kuħswiinup̉aƛ 
kuħswiinawup 
put a hole through 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he put holes through 
p̉ap̉iiʔatʔi 
p̉ap̉iˑ 
ear 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his ears 
quuʔasʔi 
quuʔas 
person 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the man 

The man put holes through his ears.

128.975
ƛačiʔaƛ 
ƛačiƛ 
pierce 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he pierced it 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
using  
hamuut 
hamuut 
bone 
bone 
qʷayaasħʔap 
qʷaa 
thus 
-aˑs1 
on a surface 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
he laid it on the surface 
ʔukʷiisħʔap 
ʔukʷiis 
on a surface 
-(q)ħ3 
BEING 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
putting it on a surface 
ɬuʔukʔi 
ɬuʔuk 
board 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the board 

He pierced it using a bone, laying (his ear) this way on the board (for making a hole).

128.976
ƛačiƛƛaa 
ƛačiƛ 
drive a wedge 
=ƛaa 
again 
he drove it 
ƛaʔuuʔatʔi 
ƛaʔuˑ 
other 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
his other 
p̉ap̉ii 
p̉ap̉iˑ 
ear 
ear 

He drove it again through the other ear.

pg. 47 begins here

128.977
c̉awaak̉at 
c̉awaakʷ 
one 
-ˀat 
INAL 
one of his did 
p̉iyačiʔat 
p̉iyačiƛ 
go bad 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it went bad 

One of his ears got bad (infected).

128.978
xʷakšiʔaƛ̉at 
xʷakšiƛ 
swell up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-ˀat 
INAL 
his swelled up 
p̉ap̉iiʔi 
p̉ap̉iˑ 
ear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the ear 

His ear swelled up.

128.979
hitaataƛ 
hitaatu 
fall off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
fall off 
ʕičʔataƛ 
ʕičʔatu 
rot off 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
rot off 
p̉ap̉ii 
p̉ap̉iˑ 
ear 
ear 

The ear fell off, rotting off.

128.980
ʕuỷiyaƛ 
ʕuỷi 
medicine 
-ayiˑ 
give 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they gave medicine 
ʕuusapʔatħʔi 
ʕuusapʔatħ 
Salish people 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
Salish people 
ʕuỷaaɬšiʔaƛ 
ʕuỷaaɬšiƛ 
apply medicine 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
apply medicine 

The Salish tribe gave him medicine, applying it (to his ear).

Tsishaath used to have ʔinʔaksỷi "medicine to take away pain" for sore ears when plugs were put in. These were secrets in families. One might be paid for applying it, but he would not tell what it was. They would spit it (made from leaves) on ear every morning and evening.

128.981
masšiʔaƛ 
masšiƛ 
heal up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it healed up 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
wik̉iitšiƛ 
not exist 
it ceased 
kuħ 
kuħ 
hole 
having a hole 

It healed up, ceasing to have a hole.

128.982
m̉uššiʔat 
m̉uššiƛ 
close up 
-ˀat 
INAL 
it closed up 
p̉ap̉iiʔi 
p̉ap̉iˑ 
ear 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the ear 

His ear closed up.

128.983
čiqatšiʔat 
čiqatšiƛ 
heal up 
-ˀat 
PASS 
it healed up 
m̉uššiʔat 
m̉uššiƛ 
close up 
-ˀat 
INAL 
it closed up 

His closed up and was healed.

128.984
c̉awaakšiʔat 
c̉awaakšiƛ 
become one 
-ˀat 
INAL 
his became one 
p̉ap̉ii 
p̉ap̉iˑ 
ear 
ear 

He got to have just one ear.

128.985
ƛaaʔuuk̉ʷaƛƛaa 
ƛaaʔuk 
another one 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again another one did 
ʔuucsʔaƛ 
ʔuucs 
take along 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
taking along 
hišcuqʷati 
hišcuqʷati 
abalone 
abalone 
mamakmasʔaƛƛaa 
mamakmas 
peddle 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
selling from house to house 

Another again took along the abalone, selling it from house to house.

128.986
maakuk̉ʷaƛƛaa 
maakuk 
buy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
they bought it 
ħaaw̉iiħʔi 
ħaw̉iɬ 
chief.pl 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the chiefs 

Again the chiefs bought it.

128.987
ʔuʔuyiqħʔaƛquuweʔin 
DUP- 
REP 
ʔuyi 
when 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
they used to get it by 
maakuk 
maakuk 
trade 
trading 
ʕat̉uu 
ʕat̉uu 
beaver 
beaver 
mucmuħaq 
mucmuħaq 
bearskin 
bearskin 

They used to get it (abalone) by trading for beaver and bear skins.

128.988
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛitweʔin 
ʔaħʔaaʔaƛ 
and then 
-(m)it 
PAST 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
and then he did 
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
decide 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he decided 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛʔi 
ħaaw̉iɬaƛ 
young man 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the young man 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
to make 
k̉ašimɬ 
k̉ašimɬ 
recurve bow 
bow 

And then, the young man decided to make a bow with turned up ends.

128.989
qiičiƛ 
qiičiƛ 
take a long time 
it was for a long time 
ʔukʷiiɬ 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
he was working 
č̉aaħč̉aaħa 
č̉aaħč̉aaħa 
be adzing 
be adzing 

For a long time, he was working on it, adzing.

128.990
ƛuyačiʔaƛ 
ƛuyačiƛ 
get well 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was getting good 

It was getting just right.

128.991
č̉iiskšiʔaƛ 
č̉iiskšiƛ 
scrape 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to scrape 
ƛ̉učckʷi 
ƛ̉učckʷii 
mussel shell 
mussel shell 
ʔuuħw̉aɬʔaƛ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
using 
č̉iiskč̉iiska 
č̉iiskč̉iiska 
be scraping 
he was scraping 

He started to scrape it smooth using the remains of a mussel shell, he kept scraping.

128.992
t̉apatšiʔaƛƛaa 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
he again thought 
ƛaʔuu 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
another 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
person 
person 
ʔukʷiiɬquu 
ʔuukʷiiɬ 
make 
-quu1 
3.CND 
that he was making 
č̉axʷac 
č̉axʷac 
pail 
pails 

Another person was thinking of making buckets.

128.993
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started making them 

He started making it.

pg. 48 begins here

128.994
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ʔuyimtweʔin 
ʔuyi 
when 
-(m)it 
former 
-weˑʔin 
3.QT 
it was at the time 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started working 

It was at that time he started working.

128.995
hitinqsaƛ 
hitinqsaƛ 
go down to beach 
he went down to the beach 
naqmiiħiičiʔaƛquu 
naqmiiħiičiƛ 
become thirsty 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-quu1 
3.CND 
when he became thirsty 
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started making it 
č̉axʷac 
č̉axʷac 
pail 
pails 

He had to go down to the beach (to get water) when he got thirsty, so he started making a bucket (for water).

128.996
ƛ̉upaaɬaỷap 
ƛ̉upaaɬaỷap 
warm s.t. up 
he warmed it up 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
using it 
ʔinkʔi 
ʔinkʷ 
fire 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the fire 

He warmed it up with fire.

128.997
k̉ʷaatiʔap 
k̉ʷaatiʔap 
kerf s.t. 
he kerfed it 
č̉axʷacʔi 
č̉axʷac 
pail 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bucket 
ʔapaasʔic̉ap 
ʔapaˑs 
small 
-ʔis 
DIM 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
making it small 

He kerfed the bucket, making it small.

128.998
ʕan̉akƛinup̉aƛ 
ʕan̉akƛinawup 
patch at the bottom 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he patched it at the bottom 

He patched it at bottom.

ʕatšiƛ : to patch (used more for clothing)

Better: ƛ̉uħakƛinup̉aƛ : put in separate board at its bottom.

128.999
ʔunaak̉aƛ 
ʔunaakʷ 
have 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he had 
suutħta 
suutħta 
drill 
drill 
c̉inc̉inʔatʔi 
c̉inc̉in 
bear's leg bone 
-ˀat 
INAL 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
bear's leg bone 
čims 
čims 
black bear 
bear 

He had a drill (to make holes) from the leg bone of a bear.

128.1000
ƛ̉aħʔakƛinup̉aƛ 
ƛ̉aħʔakƛinawup 
make bottom flat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he flattened its bottom 
hawiiʔaƛuk 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his was finished 

He made it flat at the bottom, finishing his (bucket).

128.1001
hitinqsap̉aƛ 
hitinqsap 
take down to beach 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he took it down to the beach 
č̉ac̉inap̉aƛ 
č̉ac̉inap 
fill container with water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
fill with water 

He took it down to the beach, filling it with water.

128.1002
caħaaʔak 
caħaa 
be leaking 
-akʷ 
IMPF 
his was leaking 
č̉axʷacʔi 
č̉axʷac 
pail 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the bucket 

His pail was leaking.

128.1003
ʔuħtinʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was made out of 
ʕaɬmaptʔi 
ʕaɬmapt 
yellow cedar 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
yellow cedar 

It was made out of yellow cedar.

128.1004
č̉iipšiʔaƛ 
č̉iipšiƛ 
caulk 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he plugged it 
č̉ac̉inap̉aƛ 
č̉ac̉inap 
fill container with water 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
filling with water 
ƛuyačiʔaƛuk 
ƛuyačiƛ 
be happy 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
IMPF 
his was good 

He plugged the leak (with a rag) and the water stayed inside the bucket, his was good.

128.1005
maamaaʕanup̉aƛ 
maamaaʕanup 
make a string handle 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made a string handle 
ʔuħtinʔap̉aƛ 
ʔuħtin 
made of 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was made out of 
ʕaƛyuu 
ʕaƛyuu 
cedar branch rope 
cedar branch rope 

He made a string-like handle out of cedar branch rope.

128.1006
ƛaaʔuukƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
-uk 
IMPF 
=ƛaa 
again 
again another did so  
t̉apatšiƛƛaa 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
=ƛaa 
=again 
again thinking of 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
ʔiiħʔaaqƛ̉ap̉aƛqa 
ʔiiħʷ 
big 
-ʔaaqƛ 
INTENT 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
that he should make a big one 

Another again thought that he should make a big one.

128.1007
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started working 
hawiiʔaƛuk 
hawiiƛ 
finish 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
-uk 
POSS 
his was finished 
ʔaħ 
ʔaħ 
this 
this 
ʔanaħuk 
ʔanaħʷ 
size 
-uk 
POSS 
it was its size 

He started working, finishing his (bucket), that was this size.

128.1008
ʔukʷiiɬšiʔaƛ 
ʔukʷiiɬšiƛ 
make 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he made it 
ƛ̉aħʔakƛinup̉aƛ 
ƛ̉aħʔakƛinawup 
make bottom flat 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he flattened its bottom 

He made the bottom flat.

128.1009
t̉aat̉aapatšiʔaƛ 
t̉aat̉aapatšiƛ 
be thinking 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started thinking 
quuʔas 
quuʔas 
man 
man 

The man started thinking.

pg. 49 begins here

128.1010
t̉apatšiʔaƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he started to think about 
ʔani 
ʔani 
that 
that 
muχšiƛukuusqa 
muχšiƛ 
start to boil 
-uk 
IMPF 
-(w)uus2 
3.Rel.Dub 
-qaˑ 
3.SUB 
theirs might be boiled 

He started to think that their (food) might be boiled.

128.1011
ʔayaqƛsan̉ap̉aƛ 
ʔayaqƛsan̉ap 
put many under fire 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
he put many under the fire 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stones 

He put many stones in under the fire.

hitaqƛis "in under the fire".

128.1012
ƛ̉upaaɬʔaƛ 
ƛ̉upaaɬ 
hot 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they were heated 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stones 

Stones were heated up.

128.1013
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
take 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she took 
ɬuucsmeʔi 
ɬuucsma 
woman 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
a woman 
miʕaatʔi 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the sockeye salmon 
č̉aqsiʔaƛ 
č̉aqsiƛ 
put water in vessel 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
putting water in vessel 
ƛ̉imssacʔi 
ƛ̉imssac 
cooking-box 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the cooking-box 

A woman took a sockeye salmon, putting water in the cooking-box.

128.1014
ƛaweʔiiʔap̉aƛƛaa 
ƛaweʔiiʔap 
put s.t. close to 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again she put it close to 
hiɬʔiitq 
hiɬ 
LOC 
-ʔiˑtq 
3s.REL 
where it was 
ƛ̉upaaɬʔi 
ƛ̉upaaɬ 
hot 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the hot 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stones 
č̉ac̉uuqħʔap̉aƛ 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
-c̉uˑ1 
in container 
-(q)ħ2 
CONTEMP 
-ˀap2 
CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
while it had water in it 

Again she put it (cooking box) close to where the hot stones were while it had water in it.

Original was č̉ac̉uuqħʔaƛ and changed to č̉ac̉uuqħʔap̉aƛ

128.1015
sukʷiʔaƛ 
sukʷiƛ 
grab 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she took hold of 
m̉uksỷiʔi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the stones 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
ʔuuħw̉aɬ 
use 
using it 
ƛ̉am̉aqƛ 
ƛ̉am̉aqƛ 
cooking tongs 
cooking tongs 

She took hold of the stones by using cooking tongs.

128.1016
hitaqsip̉aƛ 
hitaqsip 
put into container 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she put them in 
m̉uksỷiʔi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
stone 
ƛaʔuuƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ƛaa 
again 
again another 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 
hitaqsiƛ 
hitaqsiƛ 
get into vessel 
it got into 
ƛaʔuuƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
=ƛaa 
again 
again another 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 

She put stone after stone into the cooking box, and then another stone was put in the cooking box.

128.1017
našukšiʔaƛ 
našukšiƛ 
be strong 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
they became strong 
ƛ̉upaaɬačiʔaƛ 
ƛ̉upaaɬačiƛ 
heat up 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
being heated up 
č̉aʔakʔi 
č̉aʔakʷ 
water 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
water 
suč̉aqimɬ 
suč̉a 
five 
-qimɬ 
... unit 
five 
ƛ̉upaaɬʔi 
ƛ̉upaaɬ 
hot 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the hot 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 
qawašakʔi 
qawašakʷ 
red-hot 
=ʔiˑ 
=DEF 
the red-hot 

The water was strongly heated up by the five hot stones, the red hot ones.

128.1018
muχšiʔaƛ 
muχšiƛ 
start to boil 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
it was boiling 
hitaqsip̉aƛ 
hitaqsip 
put into container 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
having been put into container 
miʕaatukʔi 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
-uk 
POSS 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
her sockeye salmon 

Her sockeye salmon was boiling inside the cooking box.

128.1019
ƛaaʔuuqsip̉aƛƛaa 
ƛaʔuˑ 
another 
-ˀaħs 
in vessel 
-ip 
PRF.CAUS 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
another one was put into the vessel 
m̉uksỷi 
m̉uksỷi 
stone 
stone 

Another stone was put inside the (cooking-box) again.

128.1020
hitaqsiʔaƛƛaa 
hitaqsiƛ 
get into vessel 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
=ƛaa 
again 
again it got inside 
miʕaatʔi 
miʕaˑt 
sockeye salmon 
=ʔiˑ 
DEF 
the sockeye salmon 

Again, the sockeye salmon was inside (the cooking box).

128.1021
siiʕaỷap̉aƛ 
siiʕaỷap 
cook s.t. 
-ˀaƛ 
NOW 
she cooked it 

She cooked it.

Causative os siiʕačiƛ.

128.1022
ʔeʔim 
ʔeʔim 
at first 
at first 
t̉apatšiƛ 
t̉apatšiƛ 
deliberate 
they thought about 
huuʔak ʔuyi 
huuʔak ʔuyi 
long ago 
long ago 

They were the first to think about these things long time ago.

the next page begins a new story 'Two Swan Women...' but is this the end? not clear.